江向潔
[摘要] 目的 探討腹腔鏡子宮肌瘤切除術(shù)的治療效果及臨床應(yīng)用價(jià)值。 方法 整群選擇該院2013年2月—2014年2月間收治的76例子宮肌瘤患者為研究對(duì)象,隨機(jī)分為對(duì)照組38例,實(shí)施傳統(tǒng)開(kāi)腹子宮肌瘤切除術(shù)治療,觀察組38例,實(shí)施腹腔鏡子宮肌瘤切除術(shù)治療,對(duì)兩組患者手術(shù)情況及術(shù)后恢復(fù)情況進(jìn)行分析。 結(jié)果 觀察組術(shù)手術(shù)時(shí)間較對(duì)照組長(zhǎng),但是術(shù)中出血量較低,術(shù)后排氣時(shí)間及住院時(shí)間明顯較對(duì)照組短,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);觀察組術(shù)后出現(xiàn)切口感染、盆腔粘連、切口紅腫等并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率為10.53%,較對(duì)照組26.32%低,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),觀察組術(shù)后妊娠率為84.21%,明顯較對(duì)照組55.26%高(P<0.05)。 結(jié)論 子宮肌瘤采取腹腔鏡子宮肌瘤切除術(shù)的創(chuàng)傷較小,并發(fā)癥較少,可利于術(shù)后快速恢復(fù),減少患者痛苦,提高術(shù)后妊娠率,值得推廣。
[關(guān)鍵詞] 子宮肌瘤;腹腔鏡;開(kāi)腹手術(shù)
[中圖分類號(hào)] R5 [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] A [文章編號(hào)] 1674-0742(2015)09(c)-0059-03
[Abstract] Objective To study the therapeutic effect and clinical value of laparoscopic myomectomy. Methods 76 patients with uterine fibroids admitted to this hospital between February 2013 and February 2014 were randomized to undergo traditional open surgery (the control group, n=38) and laparoscopic myomectomy (the observation group,n=38). We analyzed the operation and postoperative recovery of the two groups. Results The operation duration was longer, but the intraoperative blood loss and postoperative exhaust time and hospital stay were shorter in the observation group than in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant, P<0.05; the rate of complications including incision infection, pelvic adhesion, incision inflammation(10.53% vs 26.32%) was lower in the observation group than in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant, P<0.05; the postoperative pregnancy rate (84.21% vs 55.26%) was significant higher in the observation group than in the control group with statistical difference, P<0.05. Conclusions With less trauma and complications, laparoscopic myomectomy in the treatment of uterine fibroids is conducive to rapid postoperative recovery and can reduce the patients' pain and improve pregnancy rate, therefore it is worthy of promotion.
[Key words] Uterine fibroids; Laparoscope; Open operation
子宮肌瘤是常見(jiàn)女性生殖器官良性腫瘤,患者主要表現(xiàn)為下腹墜脹、腹部包塊、壓迫及子宮出血。子宮肌瘤發(fā)病率極高,特別是中年女性,發(fā)病率達(dá)75%左右,嚴(yán)重影響女性的生活質(zhì)量及生殖健康[1]。子宮肌瘤主要采取積極手術(shù)方案切除治療,以往主要實(shí)施開(kāi)腹切除術(shù),創(chuàng)傷大,術(shù)后并發(fā)癥較多,導(dǎo)致術(shù)后恢復(fù)較慢,不利于術(shù)后恢復(fù)。隨著外科微創(chuàng)技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展,腹腔鏡手術(shù)開(kāi)始逐漸應(yīng)用于臨床,其創(chuàng)傷小,安全性高,作為首選子宮肌瘤手術(shù)方案[2]。該組研究對(duì)子宮肌瘤患者分別實(shí)施開(kāi)腹手術(shù)及腹腔鏡手術(shù)治療,現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。
1 資料與方法
1.1 一般資料
整群選擇該院2013年2月—2014年2月收治的76例子宮肌瘤患者為研究對(duì)象,所有患者均符合《實(shí)用婦科學(xué)》[3]中子宮肌瘤診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。隨機(jī)分為對(duì)照組38例,觀察組38例,觀察組:年齡23~47歲,平均年齡(31.5±4.7)歲;孕次0~6次,平均孕次(2.3±0.5)次;單發(fā)肌瘤23例,多發(fā)肌瘤15例;對(duì)照組:年齡24~48歲,平均年齡(31.1±4.2)歲;孕次0~5次,平均孕次(2.6±0.7)次;單發(fā)肌瘤21例,多發(fā)肌瘤17例;納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn):符合子宮肌瘤診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn);與該組研究配合;18~60歲;排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn):嚴(yán)重免疫性疾病及血液疾病者;心、腎、肝功能不全者;妊娠期、哺乳期女性。兩組患者一般資料差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05),存在可比性。
1.2 方法
兩組患者均實(shí)施氣管插管全麻,對(duì)照組:根據(jù)病灶位置選擇切口,分離肌瘤系膜,直接切除,隨后徹底止血、清洗腹腔,最后逐層縫合創(chuàng)口;觀察組:取膀胱截石位,臍窩部縱形切口,置入套管及腹腔鏡設(shè)備,分別取兩側(cè)操作孔,置入腹腔鏡設(shè)備,使用6U垂體后葉素注入肌瘤切口部位,經(jīng)縱軸切開(kāi)肌瘤表面基層,直至瘤體,肌瘤作完整剝離后,使用雙極電凝止血。瘤腔縫合時(shí),使用可吸收線作切緣內(nèi)翻卷折填充瘤窩縫合法,可起到壓迫止血作用,保持創(chuàng)面平滑。