李洋 王虎 單臣
[摘要] 目的 探討小切口治療腕管綜合征的臨床效果。 方法 從2011年7月~2014年7月吉林省人民醫(yī)院收治掌部腕管綜合征的患者中選取典型患者42例(45側(cè)),采用掌部小切口切斷腕橫韌帶的治療方法,術(shù)后進(jìn)行隨訪,使用GSS評(píng)分對(duì)術(shù)前以及術(shù)后6個(gè)月患者功能恢復(fù)情況進(jìn)行評(píng)估。 結(jié)果 排除2例(3側(cè))患者術(shù)中發(fā)現(xiàn)腕管內(nèi)囊腫,改為傳統(tǒng)切口手術(shù),其余40例(42側(cè))患者手術(shù)均獲得了成功,并且在術(shù)后沒有出現(xiàn)并發(fā)癥。采用GSS評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)對(duì)術(shù)前和術(shù)后6個(gè)月患者疼痛、麻木感、夜醒、肌力減退、手指末端神經(jīng)異感及總分進(jìn)行評(píng)估[(5.65±0.89)、(3.79±1.06)、(2.67±0.67)、(4.49±0.95)、(3.35±0.78)、(20.10±4.65)比(0.94±0.50)、(0.86±0.35)、(0.35±0.09)、(1.00±0.40)、(0.46±0.20)、(3.61±0.06)分],術(shù)后隨訪評(píng)估分?jǐn)?shù)較術(shù)前明顯減低,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P < 0.05)。 結(jié)論 小切口法治療腕管綜合征是一種效安全的手術(shù)方法,其具有手術(shù)時(shí)間相對(duì)較短、預(yù)后療效比較好、并發(fā)癥較少等優(yōu)點(diǎn),值得在臨床應(yīng)用和推廣。
[關(guān)鍵詞] 小切口法;腕管綜合征;正中神經(jīng);療效
[中圖分類號(hào)] R686 [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] A [文章編號(hào)] 1673-7210(2015)09(a)-0061-04
[Abstract] Objective To discuss the clinical effect of small incision in the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome. Methods From July 2011 to July 2014 in Jilin Province People' Hospital 42 patients (45 sides) with metacarpus carpal tunnel syndrome were selected. All patients were given small incision of wrist transverse ligament surgery and followed up for 6 months. Functional recovery was evaluated by GSS standard. Results 2 cases (3 sides) were found cyst in wrist, given traditional incision surgery instead. Surgery of the other 40 cases (42 sides) were successful, and no complication happened. The pain, feeling of numbness, night waking, muscle loss, the end of finger abnormal feeling, and total scores in GSS scores after surgery were lower than those before surgery [(5.65±0.89), (3.79±1.06), (2.67±0.67), (4.49±0.95), (3.35±0.78), (20.10±4.65) vs (0.94±0.50), (0.86±0.35), (0.35±0.09), (1.00±0.40), (0.46±0.20), (3.61±0.06) scores], the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion Small incision in the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome is an effective safe surgical method, it has advantages of relatively short operating time, better curative effect and prognosis, less complications, and it is worth in the clinical application and promotion.
[Key words] Small incision; Carpal tunnel syndrome; Median nerve; Clinical effect
腕管綜合征又稱為遲發(fā)性正中神經(jīng)麻痹,是正中神經(jīng)在腕管內(nèi)受到卡壓后出現(xiàn)的拇指、示指、中指疼痛和感覺障礙,以中指最先出現(xiàn)癥狀,手指及手腕可出現(xiàn)夜間疼痛,自覺手部發(fā)涼,大魚際肌出現(xiàn)萎縮,對(duì)掌、對(duì)指受限的一系列綜合征群[1]。自1854年首先由Paget提出腕管綜合征的概念,已有150年之久,本病發(fā)病率高,癥狀典型,對(duì)于疾病的診斷及治療都發(fā)展的較成熟。
腕管為骨性纖維管,橈側(cè)、尺側(cè)及背側(cè)為骨性結(jié)構(gòu),掌側(cè)為腕橫韌帶,均為堅(jiān)韌彈性差的組織,腕管內(nèi)通過拇長(zhǎng)屈肌腱、指淺屈肌腱及正中神經(jīng),神經(jīng)組織較肌腱松軟,當(dāng)腕管內(nèi)組織結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生異常,使其容量減小或內(nèi)容物增加的時(shí)候,神經(jīng)就發(fā)生缺血、變性,出現(xiàn)癥狀,神經(jīng)缺血在短期內(nèi)予以休息及治療干預(yù)后可恢復(fù),若不加治療就會(huì)出現(xiàn)不可逆損傷[2]。腕管綜合征是手外科門診常見病,癥狀多較典型,治療上首先采取保守治療3個(gè)月,若癥狀無(wú)明顯改善予以手術(shù)治療。傳統(tǒng)治療方法為于小魚際橈側(cè)緣做弧形切口,直視下切開腕橫韌帶,松解正中神經(jīng)。自1986年Dollon[3]報(bào)道了內(nèi)鏡下診治腕管綜合征手術(shù)治療,微創(chuàng)在治療腕管綜合征方面也得到了廣泛應(yīng)用。
本研究選擇吉林省人民醫(yī)院(以下簡(jiǎn)稱“我院”)收治的腕管綜合征患者42例,采用了小切口切斷腕橫韌帶方法治療,術(shù)后取得了良好的治療效果,現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下: