胡發(fā)高
近年來中考英語試題中,涉及從句的考點(diǎn)主要是對(duì)賓語從句、定語從句和狀語從句的用法的考查。由于受漢語表達(dá)習(xí)慣的影響及英語中某些易混詞語的干擾,學(xué)生在使用這些從句時(shí)容易出錯(cuò)。下面結(jié)合近三年部分地區(qū)的中考英語真題,詳細(xì)剖析從句用法的易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)。
一、賓語從句中的易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)
1.易出現(xiàn)“語序”和“時(shí)態(tài)”錯(cuò)誤
(1)賓語從句不能用疑問語序,而要用陳述語序。但由于受who,what,which,when,where,why,how等疑問詞的影響,當(dāng)這些詞引導(dǎo)賓語從句,特別是當(dāng)主句也是疑問句時(shí),容易出現(xiàn)“語序錯(cuò)誤”。例如:
Could you please tell me who that girl is standing over there? 你能告訴我站在那邊的那個(gè)女孩是誰嗎?(不能說who is that girl standing over there)
Do you know when we shall have the final examination? 你知道我們什么時(shí)候舉行期末考試嗎?(不能說when shall we have the final examination)
(2)考查賓語從句的同時(shí)還考查時(shí)態(tài)辨異。除特殊情況外,賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)有“對(duì)應(yīng)原則”,即:如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí),那么賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)則常是與“過去”相關(guān)的時(shí)態(tài),此時(shí),我們應(yīng)根據(jù)句意選用一般過去時(shí)、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)、過去完成時(shí)或過去將來時(shí);如果主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)則根據(jù)具體語境來定。例如:
Mike said that he was born in 1978. 邁克說他出生于1978年。(主句用一般過去時(shí),從句敘述的是過去的情況,因此用一般過去時(shí))
I heard that our team had won the match. 我聽說我們隊(duì)已經(jīng)贏得了比賽。(主句用一般過去時(shí),從句敘述的是已發(fā)生的情況,因此用過去完成時(shí))
I can see that your hometown is really beautiful. 我看得出你們的家鄉(xiāng)真是美極了。(主句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),從句敘述的是現(xiàn)在的情況,因此用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))
I believe that he will be back in half a month. 我相信他半個(gè)月后就會(huì)回來。(主句用的是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),而從句敘述的是將來的情況,因此用一般將來時(shí))
【真題鏈接】
1.(2014年廣州卷) I dont understand such a silly question in class yesterday.
A. why did John ask
B. why John asked
C. why is John asking
D. why John asks
2.(2014年黔西南卷) —Could you tell me ?
—You can take the No. 1 bus.
A. how can we get to Xingyi Airport
B. how we can get to Xingyi Airport
C. how do we get to Xingyi Airport
D. how we got to Xingyi Airport
3.(2014年北京卷) —Do you know the meeting?
—Tomorrow morning.
A. when they had
B. when they are going to have
C. when did they have
D. when are they going to have
4.(2014年宜賓卷) Her mother didnt tell her then.
A. where is the MH370 flight
B. where the MH370 flight is
C. where was the MH370 flight
D. where the MH370 flight was
5.(2014年臨沂卷) —Dad, can you tell me to the amusement park?
—The day after tomorrow.
A. when we are going
B. when we went
C. when are we going
D. when did we go
6.(2014年鄂州卷) —Can you tell me?
—In three days.
A. when will they go to the Science Museum
B. how long they have been in New York
C. how soon they will go to see the children left at home
D. what time will they attend the meeting
7.(2014年重慶B卷) —Could you please tell me ?
—Two months ago.
A. when did you take this photo
B. when you took this photo
C. where did you take this photo
D. where you took this photo
【答案與解析】
第1題答案為B。A項(xiàng)和C項(xiàng)均為疑問語序,不正確;D項(xiàng)雖是陳述語序,但時(shí)態(tài)與句中的yesterday不符;只有B項(xiàng)既是陳述語序,又符合時(shí)態(tài)要求。
第2題答案為B。A項(xiàng)和C項(xiàng)均為疑問語序,不正確;D項(xiàng)雖是陳述語序,但時(shí)態(tài)與問路的語境不符;只有B項(xiàng)符合題意。
第3題答案為B。C項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)均為疑問語序,不正確;A項(xiàng)雖是陳述語序,但與答語“Tomorrow morning.”的時(shí)態(tài)不符;只有B項(xiàng)的語序和時(shí)態(tài)表達(dá)均正確。
第4題答案為D。A項(xiàng)和C項(xiàng)均為疑問語序,不正確;B項(xiàng)雖是陳述語序,但與主句的時(shí)態(tài)不一致;D項(xiàng)where the MH370 flight was是正確答案。
第5題答案為A。C項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)均為疑問語序,不正確;B項(xiàng)雖是陳述語序,但時(shí)態(tài)與答語的the day after tomorrow不符;只有A項(xiàng)的when we are going既是陳述語序,又符合時(shí)態(tài)要求。
第6題答案為C。答語“In three days.”表示從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“三天之后”,因此要用how soon they will go to see the children left at home;A項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)為疑問語序,均不符合題意。
第7題答案為B。答語“Two months ago.”是過去時(shí)間,因此要用when you took this photo;D項(xiàng)表達(dá)的是“拍照的地點(diǎn)”,不符合題意;A項(xiàng)和C項(xiàng)均為疑問語序,也不符合題意。
2.易出現(xiàn)“語境理解”錯(cuò)誤
近年來,考查賓語從句的試題開始變得“刁鉆”,逐步朝著“語境理解”的方向發(fā)展。也就是說,所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)用的都是陳述語序,而且時(shí)態(tài)都相同,唯有從句引導(dǎo)詞不同。解答這樣的試題,必須從分析語境入手,從而選出由適當(dāng)?shù)脑~引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。如果是對(duì)話題,通常要以理解答語的意思為突破口。
【真題鏈接】
1.(2014年河北卷) I have some tickets for the basketball match. I wonder .
A. where you buy the tickets
B. why you like to go there
C. if youd like to come along
D. when you watch the match
2.(2014年河南卷) —Excuse me, can you tell me ?
—Sorry, I dont know. You can go to the information desk.
A. that there is a train
B. when the train leaves
C. which train can I take
D. where does the train go
3.(2014年安徽卷) —Its so late. Why not write the report tomorrow?
—But I dont know I can do it if not now.
A. why B. when
C. howD. where
4.(2014年德州卷) —Could you tell me ? Daming will pick you up at the train station.
—At 16:00 this Sunday.
A. where you met him
B. who you are coming with
C. why you came here
D. what time you are arriving
5.(2014年南京卷) —David, could you tell me ?
—Every four years.
A. when the 2014 World Cup will finish
B. how often the World Cup takes place
C. how many teams take part in the WorldCup
D. who may score the most goals in the World Cup
6.(2014年呼和浩特卷) I hear they are going to London, but I dont know they will stay there.
A. how soonB. how often
C. how longD. how fast
7.(2014年寧波卷) —Id like to visit Kate tomorrow. Do you know ?
—Sorry, I dont know her address, either.
A. why she lives there
B. who she lives with
C. where she lives
D. how she lives
【答案與解析】
第1題答案為C。所給的選項(xiàng)都是陳述語序,并且都用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。由于前一句的意思是“我有兩張籃球賽的門票”,那么后面就應(yīng)該是“不知你是否愿意和我一起去觀看”,因此本題應(yīng)選擇由if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。
第2題答案為B。所給選項(xiàng)的時(shí)態(tài)都是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。由于C項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)是疑問語序,予以排除;再按常識(shí)分析,本題對(duì)話的地點(diǎn)是火車站,旅客的問題應(yīng)該是“火車何時(shí)開出”,因此本題應(yīng)選擇由when引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。
第3題答案為B。所給的選項(xiàng)都是連接副詞。由于答語中有if not now,表明本句意思應(yīng)該是“可我不知道如果現(xiàn)在不寫,我何時(shí)才會(huì)有時(shí)間寫”,因此本題應(yīng)選擇由when引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。
第4題答案為D。所給的選項(xiàng)都是陳述語序。由答語“At 16:00 this Sunday.”可知,本題應(yīng)選擇由what time引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。
第5題答案為B。所給的選項(xiàng)都是陳述語序。由于答語“Every four years.”表示時(shí)間頻度,因此本題應(yīng)選擇由how often引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。
第6題答案為C。前半句的意思是“我聽說他們將要去倫敦”,按常識(shí)分析,緊接著應(yīng)該是說“可我不知道他們將在那里逗留多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”,因此本題應(yīng)選擇由how long引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。
第7題答案為C。所給選項(xiàng)的時(shí)態(tài)都是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。由答語“I dont know her address, either.”暗示上一句問的是“她住在哪里”,因此本題應(yīng)選擇C項(xiàng)。
二、定語從句中的易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)
1.“誤用關(guān)系代詞”造成的錯(cuò)誤
有關(guān)定語從句的試題,絕大多數(shù)都是考查關(guān)系代詞用法辨異。指“人”用who或that,指“物”時(shí)用which或that,這是常規(guī)用法。下面兩點(diǎn)特別容易出錯(cuò):
(1)指“物”的先行詞被the only、序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)等詞修飾時(shí),引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞常用that。
(2)先行詞既有“人”又有“物”時(shí),關(guān)系代詞要用that。
【真題鏈接】
1.(2014年河南卷) “Underground” is the only word in the English language begins and ends with the letters “und”.
A. whatB. that
C. whoD. whom
2.(2014年黃岡卷) —In a text message, 88 means Byebye.
—And another example is F2F stands for face to face.
A. thatB. who
C. whomD. it
3.(2014年濱州卷) —Do you know the girl is talking with our teacher?
—Oh, shes my sister.
A. whoB. whose
C. whomD. where
4.(2014年紹興卷) I really like the photo of my family my sister took in the city park last year.
A. whichB. who
C. whatD. whom
5.(2014年咸寧卷) —Have you seen the documentary named A Bite of China (《舌尖上的中國(guó)》)?
—Yeah! Its the most funny one I have ever seen.
A. thatB. what
C. whichD. where
6.(2013年安徽卷) I still remember the college and the teachers I visited in London years ago.
A. whatB. who
C. thatD. which
7.(2013年孝感卷) Teenagers like reading the books are written by Guo Jingming.
A. whoB. what
C. whoseD. that
8.(2013年棗莊卷) Most of my classmates prefer loud music they can dance to.
A. thatB. who
C. whoseD. where
【答案與解析】
第1題答案為B。定語從句的先行詞是word,word前有the only修飾,因此定語從句要用that引導(dǎo)。句意為:“underground”是英語中唯一一個(gè)以字母“und”開頭和結(jié)尾的單詞。
第2題答案為A。定語從句的先行詞是F2F,指“文字”,stands for face to face前缺少主語,因此定語從句要用that引導(dǎo)。
第3題答案為A。定語從句的先行詞是girl,從句謂語動(dòng)詞is talking前缺少主語,因此要用who來引導(dǎo)定語從句。
第4題答案為A。定語從句的先行詞是photo,從句謂語took是及物動(dòng)詞,空格處缺少的是指“物”的關(guān)系代詞(做took的賓語),因此要用which。
第5題答案為A。定語從句的先行詞one前有形容詞最高級(jí)the most funny修飾,因此定語從句要用that來引導(dǎo)。
第6題答案為C。定語從句的先行詞the college and the teachers既指“物”又指“人”,故只能用that做定語從句的關(guān)系代詞。
第7題答案為D。定語從句的先行詞是books,故空格處應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞that。
第8題答案為A。定語從句的先行詞是music,空格處缺少的是指“物”的關(guān)系代詞做dance to的賓語,因此要選用that。
2.“誤用關(guān)系副詞”造成的錯(cuò)誤
(1)when,where,why等關(guān)系副詞可以引導(dǎo)定語從句來修飾先行詞:when指時(shí)間,其先行詞是表示時(shí)間的名詞;where指地點(diǎn),其先行詞是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞;why指原因,其先行詞是reason。請(qǐng)看例句:
I will never forget the day when I joined the League. 我永遠(yuǎn)忘不了入團(tuán)的那一天。
This was the city where he once worked twenty years ago. 這就是他二十年前曾經(jīng)工作過的城市。
The reason why I didnt come this morning is that it rained hard. 我今天早上沒來的原因是雨下得太大。
(2)如果先行詞the day或the place是定語從句的賓語時(shí),就不能用關(guān)系副詞when或where引導(dǎo)定語從句,而要用關(guān)系代詞which或that來引導(dǎo)。
【真題鏈接】
1.(2014年棗莊卷) He is unlikely to find the school he taught 50 years ago.
A. whereB. when
C. howD. why
2.(2013年黃石卷) This is the school we visited last year.
A. thatB. where
C. whoD. whose
3.(2013年十堰卷) The Palace Museum is the best place Ive ever visited.
A. thatB. which
C. whereD. what
【答案與解析】
第1題答案為A。定語從句的先行詞是the school,表示地點(diǎn),taught在該從句中用作不及物動(dòng)詞,因此要選用where引導(dǎo)定語從句。
第2題答案為A。定語從句的先行詞也是the school,也表示地點(diǎn),但由于從句中的visit是及物動(dòng)詞,visit與the school是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,因此只能用關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)定語從句,而不能用關(guān)系副詞where。
第3題答案為A。定語從句的先行詞是place,表示地點(diǎn),但由于從句中的visit是及物動(dòng)詞,visit與the place是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,因此只能用關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)定語從句,而不能用關(guān)系副詞where。
3.“誤用所有格代詞”造成的錯(cuò)誤
his,their,our,its等是人稱代詞所有格,而關(guān)系代詞所有格是whose,兩者極易混淆而被誤用。whose在定語從句中既可以修飾“人”,也可以修飾“物”。例如:
I visited an actor yesterday whose name is known all over the country. 昨天我去拜訪了一位全國(guó)知名演員。(不能用his name)
The car,whose engine was damaged in the last accident, has been repaired. 那輛車現(xiàn)在已修好了,其發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)曾在上次事故中遭到損壞。(不能說its engine)
【真題鏈接】
1.(2014年泰安卷) —Which is your new neighbor, Liu Hua?
—The man Tshirt is red.
A. thatB. who
C. whichD. whose
2.(2013年荊門卷) She is the girl invention got the first prize in the school competition.
A. whoB. that
C. whichD. whose
【答案與解析】
第1題答案為D。Tshirt前缺少的部分表示“他的”,故要用whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句。
第2題答案為D。invention前缺少的部分表示“她的”,故要用whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句。
4.“省略關(guān)系代詞”造成的錯(cuò)誤
關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中做賓語時(shí)??墒÷?,但是在定語從句中做主語時(shí)不可省略。例如,下面這兩個(gè)句子都是錯(cuò)誤的:
I have just heard from my friend lives in Australia.
He still wears the old overcoat has been worn for many years.
第一句中friend是先行詞,后面的定語從句lives in Australia缺少關(guān)系代詞who或that做主語;第二句中overcoat是先行詞,后面的定語從句has been worn for many years前缺少關(guān)系代詞which或that做主語。
【真題鏈接】
1.(2014年臨沂卷) After Mandela was free (自由的) in 1990, he chose to shake hands with the people wanted to kill him.
A. whoseB. which
C. /D. who
2.(2014年漳州卷) There are some words can cross countries and culture, such as “OK”, “huh” and “mama”.
A. whatB. which
C. /
3.(2013年白銀卷) A Wechat (微信) is an invention can help people talk to friends, share photos, ideas and feeling freely.
A. whichB. who
C. whoseD. /
【答案與解析】
第1題答案為D。先行詞是people,定語從句“ wanted to kill him”缺少主語,而做主語的關(guān)系代詞不能省略,因此要選用who來引導(dǎo)定語從句。
第2題答案為B。先行詞是words,定語從句“ can cross countries and culture”缺少主語,做主語的關(guān)系代詞不能省略,因此要選用which來引導(dǎo)定語從句。句意為:有些詞語可以跨越國(guó)界和文化,例如“OK”“huh”和“mama”。
第3題答案為A。先行詞是invention,定語從句“ can help people talk to friends, share photos, ideas and feeling freely”缺少主語,因此要選用which來引導(dǎo)這個(gè)定語從句。
5.因“主謂不一致”造成的錯(cuò)誤
由于關(guān)系代詞指代的就是前面的先行詞,因此,先行詞的人稱和單復(fù)數(shù)就決定了定語從句的謂語形式。由于who,which和that看似單數(shù),因此它們引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)容易出現(xiàn)“主謂不一致”的錯(cuò)誤。例如:
I, who am your friend, ought to help you. 作為你的朋友,我理當(dāng)幫助你。(不能說who is your friend,因?yàn)橄刃性~是I)
People who have trouble in language can talk by using signs. 有語言障礙的人可以用手勢(shì)溝通。(不能說who has trouble,因?yàn)橄刃性~people 是集體名詞)
【真題鏈接】
1.(2014年達(dá)州卷) —What kind of movies do you like?
—I like movies scary monsters.
A. which hasB. that have
C. what hasD. why have
2.(2014年呼和浩特卷) People overweight need more water than thin people.
A. who isB. which are
C. that isD. who are
【答案與解析】
第1題答案為B。先行詞是指物的復(fù)數(shù)名詞movies,定語從句的謂語也要用復(fù)數(shù)形式,因此要選用that have。
第2題答案為D。先行詞是指人的集體名詞people,定語從句的謂語也要用復(fù)數(shù)形式,因此要選用who are。
6.因在非限制性定語從句中誤用that而出錯(cuò)
雖然關(guān)系代詞that既可指人也可指物,但在非限制性定語從句中,指人要用who,指物要用which。
【真題鏈接】
(2013年安徽卷) Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, made one of the Chinese peoples longheld dreams come true.
A. itB. that
C. whatD. which
【答案與解析】
此題答案為D。分析句子可知,逗號(hào)之后是一個(gè)非限定性定語從句,可鎖定正確答案是which。這是因?yàn)閠hat不能引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句,予以排除;what和it均不能引導(dǎo)定語從句,也應(yīng)排除。
三、狀語從句中的易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)
英語中的狀語從句有九類:時(shí)間狀語從句、地點(diǎn)狀語從句、條件狀語從句、原因狀語從句、讓步狀語從句、目的狀語從句、方式狀語從句、結(jié)果狀語從句、比較狀語從句。在使用這些從句時(shí),易出現(xiàn)以下錯(cuò)誤:
1.“時(shí)態(tài)”錯(cuò)誤
時(shí)間狀語從句和條件狀語從句即使表示“將來”概念,謂語也要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),不能用一般將來時(shí)。另外,如果主句謂語是“would+動(dòng)詞原形”,if引導(dǎo)的從句中謂語則要用一般過去時(shí),表達(dá)與事實(shí)完全不符的假設(shè)。例如:
She will phone you as soon as she gets to Beijing. 她一到北京就給你打電話。(不能說as soon as she will get to Beijing)
If weather permits, well go for a picnic next Sunday. 如果天氣許可,下周日我們將去野餐。(不能說If weather will permit)
If I were a bird, I would fly to send the letter for you. 如果我是一只鳥,我就為你飛著去送這封信。(“如果我是一只鳥”是與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)完全不符的假設(shè),因此謂語要用過去式were。)
【真題鏈接第一組】
1.(2014年重慶B卷) Your uncle will come to see you as soon as he here.
A. arrivesB. arrived
C. will arriveD. is arriving
2.(2014年東營(yíng)卷) Eating and drinking on Beijing subway is not allowed. If you the rule, youll face a fine (罰款) of up to 500 yuan.
A. brokeB. break
C. will breakD. have broken
3.(2014年宜賓卷) —Come and join us, Betty!
—Im afraid I cant. Im too busy now. If I time, I would certainly go.
A. haveB. have had
C. will haveD. had
4.(2014年威海卷) —Alan! Why are you so late?
—Sorry! When I home, I met one of my old friends.
A. wentB. am walking
C. has goneD. was walking
5.(2014年南京卷) —Lily, why are you still here? School is over for half an hour.
—Because I my task yet. I still need one more hour.
A. wont finishB. didnt finish
C. havent finishedD. hadnt finished
【答案與解析】
第1題答案為A。雖然時(shí)間狀語從句表達(dá)的是“將來”概念,但其謂語仍要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
第2題答案為B。主句的謂語是“will+動(dòng)詞原形”,if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。
第3題答案為D。主句的謂語是“would+動(dòng)詞原形”,if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句要用一般過去時(shí)。
第4題答案為D。主句用一般過去時(shí),when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句表示“當(dāng)我正往家走的時(shí)候”,故用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。
第5題答案為C。從上下文的意思可以看出,這個(gè)原因狀語從句的意思是“因?yàn)槲疫€沒有完成任務(wù)”,應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),因此本題應(yīng)選擇C項(xiàng)。
●注意:當(dāng)if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句時(shí),其謂語用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來;當(dāng)if引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí),其謂語則根據(jù)具體語境而定。
【真題鏈接第二組】
6.(2014年咸寧卷) —I want to know if Maria us in the fashion show tonight.
—I believe if she her homework, she will join us.
A. joins; finishes
B. will join; finishes
C. joins; will finish
D. will join; will join
7.(2014年達(dá)州卷) —Excuse me, could you please tell me if the sports meeting on time?
—Hard to say. If it tomorrow, well have to put it off.
A. will hold; rains
B. will be held; rains
C. will be held; will rain
D. holds; will rain
【答案與解析】
第6題答案為B。第一個(gè)if引導(dǎo)的從句屬于賓語從句,tonight是表示將來的時(shí)間狀語,因此該從句要用一般將來時(shí);第二個(gè)if引導(dǎo)的從句屬于條件狀語從句,要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
第7題答案為B。第一個(gè)if引導(dǎo)的從句屬于賓語從句,表示將來概念,因此要用一般將來時(shí);第二個(gè)if引導(dǎo)的從句屬于條件狀語從句,要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
2.“連詞混用”錯(cuò)誤
不同的從句要用不同的連詞來引導(dǎo),中考英語試題中??疾閕f,unless,when,while,as soon as,before,after,until,since,though,although,so that等連詞的用法辨異。
【中考鏈接】
1.(2014年湖州卷) —I really enjoyChinese food!
—Me, too. My mouth was watering I watched the TV program A Bite of China.
A. whenB. before
C. sinceD. after
2.(2014年安徽卷) Rick has learned a lotabout Chinese culture he came toChina.
A. beforeB. when
C. untilD. since
3.(2014年濟(jì)寧卷) Laura opened the door and rushed into the rain I could stop her.
A. untilB. after
C. beforeD. unless
4.(2014年溫州卷) —Excuse me. Is it my turn now?
—Not yet. Please wait on the chair your name is called.
A. andB. until
C. althoughD. since
5.(2014年菏澤卷) —When will you return the book to me?
—Ill give it to you I finish it.
A. onceB. until
C. as soon asD. unless
6.(2014年揚(yáng)州卷) —The air pollution is terrible.
—It will be worse we take action to protect the environment.
A. ifB. unless
C. untilD. when
7.(2014年河北卷) Eric arrived on time, it was the rush hour.
A. althoughB. because
C. whileD. unless
8.(2014年濱州卷) The teacher asked me to read aloud all the students could hear me.
A. so thatB. for
C. becauseD. in order to
【答案與解析】
第1題答案為A。when表示“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”。句意為:——我真的喜歡中國(guó)食物?!乙彩?。當(dāng)看《舌尖上的中國(guó)》這個(gè)電視節(jié)目時(shí),我嘴里在流口水呢。
第2題答案為D。主句用的是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),因此本題應(yīng)選擇since引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句,表示“自從他到中國(guó)以來”。
第3題答案為C。before意為“在……之前”,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。句意為:在我攔住勞拉之前,她就開門沖到了雨里。
第4題答案為B。until意為“直到……”,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。句意為:請(qǐng)你在座位上等候,直到叫到你的名字。
第5題答案為C。as soon as意為“一……就……”,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。句意為:——你什么時(shí)候把書還給我?——我一看完就把它還給你。
第6題答案為B。unless意為“如果不、除非”,引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句,相當(dāng)于if not。句意為:——空氣污染真可怕?!绻覀儾徊扇⌒袆?dòng)保護(hù)環(huán)境,情況會(huì)變得更糟糕。
第7題答案為A。although與though同義,意為“雖然、盡管”,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。句意為:雖然是交通高峰期,埃里克還是按時(shí)到達(dá)了。
第8題答案為A。so that意為“以便”,引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句。句意為:老師叫我高聲朗讀,以便讓所有的學(xué)生都能聽到。
自我檢測(cè):
從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
1. I still remember the sittingroom my mother and I used to sit in the evening.
A. whatB. which
C. thatD. where
2. Were talking about the piano and the pianist were in the concert we attended last night.
A. whichB. that
C. whoD. whom
3. —Mary has gone to Paris. How can I get in touch with her?
—Dont worry. She will phone you as soon as she there.
A. will getB. is going to get
C. getsD. got
4. —Do you understand the meaning “He who heart, loses all”?
—Does it mean “One should never lose heart”?
A. losesB. is losing
C. is lostD. lost
5. The meeting would begin at 8:00. She was going to start early she would not be late.
A. thoughB. so that
C. unlessD. since
6. Do you believe such little mice can eat so much food?
A. whatB. which
C. thatD. whether
7. —I heard that John the first prize in the English competition.
—But I didnt know a word about it at all.
A. winB. has won
C. will winD. had won
8. The wolves used to hide themselves in the places couldnt be easily found.
A. whereB. that
C. in whichD. in that
9. Those learn not only from books but also through practice will succeed.
A. whoB. what
C. whichD. they
10. Scientists say it may be five or ten years it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.
A. sinceB. when
C. afterD. before
11. —When will your father be back?
—Hell be back before you .
A. will leaveB. will have left
C. leaveD. would leave
12. Why do you want to find a new job youve got such a good one already?
A. whenB. that
C. whichD. where
13. I really dont remember ten years ago.
A. which room did Mr. Smith live in
B. Mr. Smith lived in which room
C. which room Mr. Smith lived in
D. in which room did Mr. Smith live
14. Everyone can see that your basketball team the best in our school now.
A. becameB. will become
C. has becomeD. had become
15.The girl handwriting is the best in our class is named Mary.
A. herB. whos
C. whomD. whose
16.—The football match is really exciting!
—Yes. This is the most exciting football match I have ever watched.
A. thatB. which
C. whenD. where
17. The reason he was silent at the meeting yesterday is not known.
A. whenB. why
C. whichD. where
18. —Boys and girls, well go out for a hiking this Sunday weather permits.
—Thats great!
A. thoughB. so that
C. ifD. even if
19. we work together, we can make the impossible possible.
A. As much asB. As long as
C. As well asD. As soon as
20.—The manager left for Australia on business last Saturday.
— he left, everyone in the office looked relaxed.
A. WhileB. Though
C. UnlessD. After
Key:
1~5 DBCAB 6~10 CDBAD
11~15 CACCD 16~20 ABCBD