馮悅,鐘萌,陳躍
小動(dòng)物PET/CT顯像考察麻黃堿干預(yù)棕色脂肪18F-FDG攝取的研究*
馮悅,鐘萌1,陳躍
(四川醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬第一醫(yī)院:核醫(yī)學(xué)科;1藥劑科,四川瀘州646000)
目的:采用小動(dòng)物PET/CT研究不同劑量麻黃堿(Ephedrine,Eph)與溫度對(duì)棕色脂肪(Brown Adipose Tissue,BAT)攝取18F-氟代脫氧葡萄糖(18F-fluoro-deoxyglucose,18F-FDG)的影響。方法:將昆明小鼠腹腔注射18F-FDG或18F-FDG+Eph(40 mg/kg、80 mg/kg和160 mg/kg),放置于不同實(shí)驗(yàn)溫度條件下,1 h后采用小動(dòng)物PET/CT對(duì)小鼠進(jìn)行全身PET/CT掃描,通過Inveon Research Workplace(IRW)軟件對(duì)小鼠肩胛處BAT攝取18F-FDG的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化攝取值(Standardised uptake value,SUV)進(jìn)行分析。結(jié)果:25℃和15℃未使用Eph干預(yù)的BAT SUV值分別為1.67±0.49和2.7±0.26;25℃和15℃使用Eph(40 mg/kg)干預(yù)BAT SUV值分別為2.20±0.36和5.97±0.21。溫度為25℃,Eph分別為40 mg/kg、80 mg/kg和160 mg/kg時(shí)BAT SUV值分別為2.20±0.36、3.33±0.31和6.73±0.50。結(jié)論:低溫可以刺激BAT的能量代謝增高,同時(shí)隨著Eph的劑量增高BAT的能量代謝程度也隨之增加。小動(dòng)物PET/CT能有效檢測(cè)小鼠體內(nèi)肩胛處BAT對(duì)18F-FDG的代謝情況。
小動(dòng)物PET/CT;麻黃堿;棕色脂肪;標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化攝取值
BAT因其含有大量線粒體呈棕色而得名,它是人體以及其他動(dòng)物體內(nèi)能量代謝的重要器官,以非顫栗產(chǎn)熱的形式將體內(nèi)的化學(xué)能轉(zhuǎn)化熱能[1]。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),肥胖的形成可能與BAT的能量代謝有關(guān),增加體內(nèi)BAT的能量代謝,可以到達(dá)減肥的效果[2-3]。影響B(tài)AT能量代謝的因素有很多,如降低環(huán)境溫度可增加BAT的能量代謝[4]。BAT細(xì)胞內(nèi)含有腎上腺素受體,其中β3受體在控制BAT能量代謝方面占主要地位[5]。Eph是一種擬腎上腺素藥物,是一種體內(nèi)α與β受體激動(dòng)劑,可激活BAT的能量代謝。本研究在18F-FDG可反映BAT能量代謝情況的基礎(chǔ)上[6-7],采用小動(dòng)物PET/CT考察Eph對(duì)小鼠BAT的代謝影響,同時(shí)研究不同濃度的Eph與BAT攝取18FFDG的關(guān)系,為研究擬腎上腺素藥物與BAT之間的關(guān)系,提供新的思路與方法。
1.1 試劑與儀器
小動(dòng)物PET/CT(Siemens,Inveon),麻醉機(jī)(MATRX動(dòng)物麻醉機(jī),北京益仁恒業(yè)科技有限公司),鹽酸麻黃堿(西南藥業(yè),130301),18F-FDG(瀘州醫(yī)學(xué)院附屬醫(yī)院核醫(yī)學(xué)科提供),異氟烷(山東科源制藥有限公司,121101)。
1.2 實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物
清潔級(jí)昆明小鼠,雌性,體重(25±3)g,四川醫(yī)科大學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物中心提供。動(dòng)物合格證號(hào):SCXK(川) 2013-17,SYXK(川)2013-065。
1.3 給藥方案
本實(shí)驗(yàn)采用完全隨機(jī)分組法將18只小鼠分為六組,每組3只。第一、二組為25℃和15℃下腹腔注射[8]18F-FDG,第三、四組為25℃和15℃分別給予腹腔注射Eph(40 mg/kg)+18F-FDG,第五六組為25℃下分別給予Eph(80 mg/kg和160 mg/kg)+18FFDG。1 h后異氟烷麻醉進(jìn)行小動(dòng)物PET/CT顯像。
1.4 小動(dòng)物PET/CT掃描流程
將已麻醉的小鼠固定在動(dòng)物支架上,進(jìn)入工作站后,進(jìn)行Scoutview,調(diào)整實(shí)驗(yàn)小鼠處于中心位置,保證所觀察的部位處于PET掃描范圍內(nèi)。CT掃描參數(shù):80 kV、500μA,掃描時(shí)間8 min,CT掃描進(jìn)行PET圖像的衰減矯正及解剖定位。PET掃描參數(shù):Reconstruction Algorithm:2D FBP*;Projection:Ramp*;Image Size:128*128;OS EM3D Iteration:2;MAP Iteration:18;Resolution:1.5 mm,掃描時(shí)間400 s,完畢后取出實(shí)驗(yàn)小鼠。
1.5 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法
采用SPSS 19.0統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件處理數(shù)據(jù),組間比較用方差分析(one way-ANOVA檢驗(yàn)),以P<0.05為有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
2.1 不同溫度對(duì)BAT攝取18F-FDG的影響
在高低兩種不同實(shí)驗(yàn)溫度干預(yù)條件下,通過測(cè)定BAT的SUV值,考察溫度對(duì)BAT攝取18F-FDG的影響。由表1和圖1A、1B均可知溫度的降低可以提高BAT對(duì)18F-FDG的攝取。
表1 溫度對(duì)BAT攝取18F-FDG的影響(x±s,n=3)
2.2 不同溫度注射Eph后BAT攝取18F-FDG的對(duì)比實(shí)驗(yàn)
對(duì)兩組實(shí)驗(yàn)溫度小鼠同時(shí)注射Eph(40 mg/kg)和18F-FDG(300μCi~400μCi),通過測(cè)定BAT的SUV值,考察對(duì)BAT攝取18F-FDG的影響。從表2和圖1C、1D可知在同一溫度條件下Eph可以增加BAT對(duì)18F-FDG的攝取,并且隨著溫度的降低,Eph對(duì)BAT攝取18F-FDG的效果越強(qiáng)。
表2 Eph對(duì)BAT攝取18F-FDG的影響(x±s,n=3)
2.3 不同濃度Eph對(duì)BAT攝取18F-FDG的對(duì)比
在25℃條件下,考察不同給藥劑量的Eph(40 mg/kg、80 mg/kg、160 mg/kg)對(duì)BAT攝取18F-FDG的影響。由表3和圖1E、1F、1G可知隨著Eph劑量的增加,BAT對(duì)18F-FDG的攝取也相應(yīng)增加。
表3 不同給藥劑量的Eph對(duì)BAT攝取18F-FDG的影響(x±s,n=3)
Eph是一種擬腎上腺素藥物,具有緩解鼻腔充血、擴(kuò)張支氣管和減輕體重的藥理效果[9]。研究報(bào)道Eph的減輕體重效果是與其激活BAT能量代謝有關(guān)[10]。隨著PET/CT的出現(xiàn),分子影像為檢測(cè)活體內(nèi)組織器官代謝情況提供了新方法。18F-FDG是一種葡萄糖類似物,在代謝旺盛的組織器官攝取高,如:腫瘤、心臟、腦組織等[11],而小動(dòng)物PET/CT則可檢測(cè)18F-FDG或其他正電子藥物在小動(dòng)物活體內(nèi)的分布情況[12],與傳統(tǒng)實(shí)驗(yàn)方法相比具有更高靈敏度、節(jié)約實(shí)驗(yàn)成本、縮短實(shí)驗(yàn)時(shí)間等優(yōu)勢(shì)。通過實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果可知麻黃堿能夠增加18F-FDG在BAT中的攝取,因此在臨床上若需進(jìn)行18F-FDG PET/CT檢查時(shí)需避免使用含麻黃堿的藥物,以免造成圖像干擾。
本實(shí)驗(yàn)采用小動(dòng)物PET/CT考察Eph及溫度對(duì)BAT攝取18F-FDG情況的影響。通過比較SUV值及圖像分析,低溫環(huán)境或Eph干預(yù)均可導(dǎo)致小鼠BAT的糖代謝不同程度的增加,與文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道結(jié)果一致[13-14],提示小動(dòng)物PET/CT是研究小動(dòng)物BAT的一種有效方法,為研究BAT及其影響因素提供了新的思路與方法。
圖1 小鼠小動(dòng)物PET/CT顯像圖
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(2015-03-30收稿)
Effect of ephedrine on the accumulation of18F-FDG in brown adipose tissue inyestigated by small-animal PET/CT
Feng Yue,Zhong Meng1,Chen Yue
DepartmentofNuclearMedicine,1DepartmentofPharmacy,the FirstAffiliated HospitalofSichuan MedicalUniversity
Objective:To investigato the effect of different doses of Ephedrine(Eph)and temperature on18FFDG uptake in brown adipose tissue(BAT)of Kungming mice using small-animal PET/CT.Methods:18F-FDG or a mixture of18F-FDG and Eph(40 mg/kg,80 mg/kg or 160 mg/kg of body weight)were injected into the peritoneal cavity of mice at different temperatures.One hour after injection,the BAT activity was assessed by measuring SUV with Micro PET/CT.Results:In mice withoutingection of Eph,the SUV of18F-FDG,was 1.67± 0.49 at 25℃,and 2.7±0.26 at15℃,respectively.In mice injected with 40 mg/kg of Eph,the SUV was 2.20± 0.36 at25℃,and 5.97±0.21 at 15℃,respectively.At 25℃,mice injected with 40 mg/kg,80 mg/kg and 160 mg/kg of Eph,the The SUV of18F-FDG was 2.20±0.36,3.33±0.31 and 6.73±0.50 respectively.Conclusion:The cold exposure could cause a greater increase in18F-FDG uptake in BAT,and the metabolism level of BAT was will increase with the increased dose off.Small-animal PET/C is suitable for the study of18F-FDG metabolism in interscapular BAT of mice.
Small-animal PET/CT;Ephedrine(Eph);Brown adipose tissue;Standardised uptake value
R817
A
10.3969/j.issn.1000-2669.2015.04.005
*四川省科技廳-瀘州市政府-瀘州醫(yī)學(xué)院聯(lián)合科研專項(xiàng)資金項(xiàng)目(編號(hào):14ZC0062)
馮悅(1987-),男,碩士,藥師,E-mail:fengyue200@163.com