狀語從句中引導(dǎo)詞的特殊性小議

朱倩

狀語從句要有一個(gè)連詞引導(dǎo)，即引導(dǎo)詞。在實(shí)際使用時(shí)我們經(jīng)常會(huì)做錯(cuò)，因?yàn)橛行┮龑?dǎo)詞有它們的特殊含義，有些句型容易混淆。這里將狀語從句中易錯(cuò)的句型和引導(dǎo)詞的特殊用法小結(jié)如下：

1. when

1） 意為“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”。

例如：

Because of the heavy traffic， it was already time for lunch break she got to her office.

A. since B. that

C. when D. until

該題正確答案為C。

2） 意為“這時(shí)”，強(qiáng)調(diào)突然性，常用在以下句型中：

a. be doing ... when ...

b. had done ... when ...

c. be about to do ... when ... = be on the point of doing ... when ...

例如：

Tom was about to close the window his attention was caught by a bird.

A. when B. if

C. and D. till

該題正確答案為A 。

3） 意為“在……情況下（表驚訝）”。

例如：

Why do you want a new job when youve got such a good one already？

2. while

1） 意為“在……時(shí)候”。

例如：

—Im going to the post office.

—While youre there， can you get me some stamps？

2） 意為“盡管，既然，雖然”。

例如：

While there is no law stating how you may dress， not all fashions are respectable.

3） 意為“然而”，表示對(duì)比。

例如：

some people come here for a short break， others have decided to stay forever.

A. Because B. If

C. Once D. While

該題正確答案為D。

4） 意為“趁著……”

例如：

Strike the iron while it is hot.

3. “一……就……”的多種表達(dá)方式

1） as soon as / immediately / the moment / directly

例如：

Ill call you as soon as / immediately / the moment / directly I get home.

2） on / upon sth. / doing sth.

例如：

On finishing his studies， he began traveling in China.

3） hardly ... when ... / ... no sooner ... than ...

例如：

Hardly had we got to the bus stop when the bus arrived.

No sooner had she fallen asleep than she heard a knock.

4. 祈使句“... and / or + youll ...”

祈使句“... and / or + youll ...”結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)于由if引導(dǎo)的條件句。

例如：

1） If you get up early， youll catch the first bus.

= Get up early， and youll catch the first bus.

2） If you dont get up early， youll be late.

= Get up early， or youll be late.

3） Stick to what you think is right， you will gain a surprising ending.

A. and B. but

C. before D. so

該題正確答案為A。

5. before， since， when在下列時(shí)間不同的狀語從句句型中的使用

1） It is / has been + 時(shí)間段 + since ...

例如：

It is / has been three years since he came to our school.

2） It was （not） + 段時(shí)間 + before ...

It will （not） be + 段時(shí)間 + before ...

例如：

a. Im sorry youve been waiting so long， but itll still be some time Brian gets back.

A. before B. since

C. till D. after

該題正確答案為A。

b. John thinks it wont be long he is ready for his new job.

A. when B. after

C. before D. since

該題正確答案為C。

3） It was + 時(shí)間點(diǎn) + when ...

例如：

It was nine oclock when I got home.

此句還要注意和強(qiáng)調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別

It was nine oclock when I got home. （狀語從句）

It was at nine oclock that I got home. （強(qiáng)調(diào)句）

6. before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句

before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，我們通常譯成“還沒來得及……就……”，“ 在……之前就…….”。

例如：

1） They decided to drive the cow away before it did more damage.

2） The roof fell before he had time to dash into the room to save his baby.

3） You cant borrow books from the school library

you get your student card.

A. before B. if

C. why D. when

該題正確答案為A。

7. though， as， while引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句

though， as， while 都可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，例如：

1） Much as I like Paris， I couldnt live there.

=Though I like Paris very much， I couldnt live there.

2） While I admit the problems are difficult， I dont agree that I cant solve them.

3） Lessons can be learned to face the future， history cannot be changed.

A. though B. as

C. since D. unless

該題正確答案為A。