南秦嶺迷魂陣巖體LA-ICP-MS鋯石U-Pb年代學(xué)和Lu-Hf同位素特征*

閻明 劉樹文 李秋根 楊朋濤 王偉 郭榮榮 白翔 鄧正賓

北京大學(xué)地球與空間科學(xué)學(xué)院,造山帶與地殼演化教育部重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室, 北京 100871

圖1 迷魂陣巖體區(qū)域地質(zhì)簡圖1-迷魂陣巖體；2-東江口巖體；3-柞水巖體；4-梨園堂巖體；5-上震旦統(tǒng)陡山沱組；6-上震旦統(tǒng)燈影組；7-寒武系；8-奧陶系；9-中泥盆統(tǒng)古道嶺組；10-上泥盆統(tǒng)九里坪組；11-上泥盆統(tǒng)劉嶺組；12-中石炭統(tǒng)鐵廠鋪組；13-斷層；14-主要村鎮(zhèn)；15-取樣位置Fig.1 Regional geological map of the Mihunzhen pluton in southern Qinling tectonic belt, Central China

橫亙中國中部的秦嶺造山帶是連接華北克拉通和華南克拉通的主要造山帶(張國偉等，2001)，向東與大別-蘇魯超高壓變質(zhì)帶相連，其西與祁連-昆侖造山帶相接。秦嶺造山帶經(jīng)歷了多期復(fù)雜構(gòu)造演化歷史，記錄了華北克拉通與華南克拉通的拼合，是典型的復(fù)合型大陸造山帶(劉樹文等，2011；孫衛(wèi)東等，2000；張國偉等，2001；Dongetal., 2011a, b, c, 2012a, b; Lai and Zhang, 1996; Laietal., 2004a, b; Liuetal., 2011; Meng and Zhang, 1999, 2000; Ratschbacheretal., 2003; Sun and Li, 1998; Sunetal., 2002; Yangetal., 2011, 2012; Zhangetal., 1996, 2011)。

前人將秦嶺造山帶劃分為6個近東西向分布的構(gòu)造單元，從北向南依次為：華北克拉通南緣，北秦嶺構(gòu)造帶，商州-丹鳳斷裂帶，南秦嶺構(gòu)造帶，勉縣-略陽斷裂帶，揚(yáng)子克拉通北緣(圖1) (劉樹文等，2011；秦江鋒等，2005，2007；秦江峰和賴少聰，2011；張國偉等，2001；Dongetal., 2011a, b, c, 2012a, b; Jiangetal., 2010; Liuetal., 2011; Mattaueretal., 1985; Meng and Zhang, 1999, 2000; Qinetal., 2007, 2008a, b, 2010a, b; Zhangetal., 1996)。

北秦嶺構(gòu)造帶位于洛南-欒川斷裂和商州-丹鳳斷裂帶之間(陳岳龍等，1995)，主要由前寒武地塊、新元古代-早古生代蛇綠巖套、早古生代中級變質(zhì)的沉積巖-火山巖、古生代-早中生代花崗質(zhì)侵入體組成(劉樹文等，2011；張國偉等，2001；Dongetal., 2011a, b; Lietal., 2009; Liuetal., 2011; Qinetal., 2010a; Yangetal., 2012)。南秦嶺構(gòu)造帶位于商州-丹鳳斷裂帶和勉縣-略陽斷裂帶之間，發(fā)育大量晚古生代沉積巖系，少量上古生界-下三疊系沉積巖系及三疊紀(jì)-侏羅紀(jì)早期花崗質(zhì)侵入體(劉樹文等，2011；張國偉等，2001；Dongetal., 2011b; Liuetal., 2011; Mattaueretal., 1985; Qinetal., 2010a, b; Yangetal., 2012)。 揚(yáng)子克拉通北緣主要由一套新元古代火山-沉積巖和大量的花崗質(zhì)侵入巖組成(劉樹文等，2011；Liuetal., 2011)。商州-丹鳳斷裂帶作為分隔南、北秦嶺構(gòu)造帶的邊界斷層，記錄了新元古代和晚古生代北向的俯沖-碰撞事件(張國偉等，2001；王宗起等，2009)。勉縣-略陽斷裂帶則被認(rèn)為代表了古特提斯洋北支的閉合的主要構(gòu)造帶(張國偉等，2001; Laietal., 2004a, b; Lai and Zhang, 1996; Meng and Zhang, 1999, 2000)。

圖2 迷魂陣巖體野外地質(zhì)特征及手標(biāo)本照片(a)-花崗閃長巖-二長花崗巖脈侵入到小磨嶺雜巖中；(b)-石英閃長巖-花崗閃長巖脈侵入到閃長巖之中；(c)-閃長巖中有浸染狀磁黃鐵礦、黃銅礦Fig.2 Field and specimen photos of the Mihunzhen pluton

近年來，在南秦嶺構(gòu)造帶內(nèi)陸續(xù)發(fā)現(xiàn)大量的中-新元古代的老地塊，主要由變質(zhì)火山-沉積巖系和古深成侵入體構(gòu)成，主要分布于漢南一帶, 以及沿著柞水-山陽斷裂南部出露的陡嶺巖群等，其中漢南一帶的新元古代深成侵入體表現(xiàn)出較弱的變形和變質(zhì)特征(陸松年等，2004)。然而，目前對南秦嶺構(gòu)造帶中柞水-山陽地區(qū)出露的中-新元古代古深成侵入體的認(rèn)識還欠深入，制約了對南秦嶺構(gòu)造帶構(gòu)造演化的理解和認(rèn)識。小磨嶺地區(qū)出露的前寒武紀(jì)巖塊與鄰區(qū)佛坪、武當(dāng)?shù)鹊氐墓爬蠋r塊共同構(gòu)成了南秦嶺構(gòu)造帶前寒武紀(jì)老陸塊,其巖性組成較為復(fù)雜，主要出露有基性火山巖、輝長巖、輝綠巖和中酸性侵入巖體。本文對其中的迷魂陣巖體進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)的地質(zhì)學(xué)、巖石學(xué)、鋯石U-Pb年代學(xué)和Lu-Hf同位素的系統(tǒng)研究，目的在于確定其巖石成因和區(qū)域構(gòu)造意義，為深入理解南秦嶺構(gòu)造帶的形成與演化提供老地塊方面的依據(jù)。

1 地質(zhì)背景和巖體特征

迷魂陣巖體主要出露于柞水縣南，在柞水-山陽斷裂北部，西與東江口巖體相鄰，東至柞水地區(qū)的磨溝峽和小嶺鎮(zhèn)地區(qū)。該巖體呈近東西向展布，呈長橢圓形，向東被斷裂分割，面積約140km2(圖1)。巖體的南緣侵入到中級變質(zhì)的小磨嶺雜巖中，其北部、西部、東部與泥盆系地層相鄰，表現(xiàn)為擠壓破碎或斷層接觸(圖1)。中生代梨園堂似斑狀二長花崗巖-鉀長花崗巖巖體侵入其中。迷魂陣巖體的巖石類型包括閃長巖、石英閃長巖、花崗閃長巖和少量二長花崗巖，主要由兩期巖漿活動形成，早期階段的閃長巖分布面積較大，其中含細(xì)粒閃長巖包體。晚期階段的巖石主要分布在巖體的中部及東部，以石英閃長巖-花崗閃長巖為主，伴有少量的二長花崗巖，三者之間為漸變過渡關(guān)系，侵入到早期階段的閃長巖之中(圖2a, b)。其中閃長巖通常發(fā)生磁黃鐵礦化和銅礦化, 磁黃鐵礦和黃銅礦以浸染狀或微細(xì)脈狀產(chǎn)出(圖2c)。

迷魂陣巖體的南部圍巖是小磨嶺雜巖的火山-沉積巖系。該巖系主要由基性火山巖、陸源碎屑巖、輝長-輝綠巖，閃長巖和花崗巖，多遭受綠片巖相-低角閃巖相變質(zhì)作用，之上被上震旦統(tǒng)陡山沱組和燈影組不整合覆蓋。它們均被泥盆系和少量寒武系-奧陶系-石炭系沉積蓋層覆蓋，以斷裂或斷裂帶接觸(楊釗等，2008)。陡山沱組下部為砂礫巖，上部為石英砂巖、鈣質(zhì)砂巖與微?；?guī)r互層。劉鵬舉等(2009)對陡山沱組中部暴露間斷面之下火山巖進(jìn)行了鋯石SHRIMP U-Pb年齡測定，獲得了陡山沱組的沉積時代為614±8Ma；燈影組下部為白云質(zhì)灰?guī)r、白云巖夾少量薄層狀含泥質(zhì)微?；?guī)r，上部為厚層硅質(zhì)白云質(zhì)灰?guī)r及白云巖。顯生宙蓋層從底部到頂部依次為寒武系()炭質(zhì)千枚巖、鋁土質(zhì)頁巖、泥質(zhì)白云質(zhì)灰?guī)r、硅質(zhì)白云質(zhì)灰?guī)r；奧陶系(O)白云質(zhì)結(jié)晶灰?guī)r、燧石灰?guī)r夾泥質(zhì)灰?guī)r條帶；中泥盆統(tǒng)(D2)古道嶺組黑云母石英片巖、結(jié)晶灰?guī)r、石英巖、炭質(zhì)硅質(zhì)巖及大理巖；上泥盆統(tǒng)(D3)九里坪組砂質(zhì)板巖、變質(zhì)砂巖、鈣質(zhì)板巖與泥質(zhì)灰?guī)r；中石炭統(tǒng)(C2)鐵廠鋪群千枚巖、鈣質(zhì)千枚巖及灰?guī)r。

研究區(qū)北部、西部、東部主要為泥盆紀(jì)劉嶺群沉積巖系(圖1)，由上泥盆統(tǒng)桐峪寺組和下東溝組、中泥盆統(tǒng)牛耳川組、池溝組和青石埡組組成。桐峪寺組為一套淺海相沉積建造，主要由石英砂巖、石英長石砂巖、鈣質(zhì)砂巖和石灰?guī)r組成。下東溝組、牛耳川組、池溝組和青石埡組為潮坪相組合，下東溝組主要由泥質(zhì)板巖、鈣質(zhì)粉砂巖和泥質(zhì)粉砂巖組成；牛耳川組主要由細(xì)粒砂巖、粉砂巖、泥-砂質(zhì)板巖和少量白云石灰?guī)r組成；池溝組主要由細(xì)粒砂巖、泥質(zhì)粉砂巖、鈣質(zhì)泥巖和石灰?guī)r組成；青石埡組由粉砂巖、泥巖和石灰?guī)r組成(杜定漢，1986；閆臻等，2007；Yanetal., 2006, 2012)。

圖3 迷魂陣巖體樣品顯微照片(正交偏光)Ser-絹云母；Bt-黑云母；Amp-角閃石；Pl-斜長石；Kfs-鉀長石；Q-石英；Mt-磁鐵礦Fig.3 Micrographs of samples from the Mihunzhen pluton (cross polarized light)Ser-sericite; Bt-biotite; Amp-amphibole; Pl-plagioclase; Kfs-K-feldspar; Q-quartz; Mt-magnetite

2 樣品特征及分析方法

2.1 樣品特征描述

本文選擇3件代表性樣品進(jìn)行了LA-ICP-MS鋯石U-Pb同位素年代學(xué)分析，其中樣品08LY2-8采于姜家溝，為迷魂陣巖體早期階段的閃長巖，地理坐標(biāo)為N33°36′24″，E109°04′10″；樣品08LY6-1取自磨溝峽，為晚期階段的石英閃長巖，地理坐標(biāo)為N33°35′52″，E109°09′55″；樣品08LY8-3取自小嶺鎮(zhèn)附近，為晚期階段的花崗閃長巖，地理坐標(biāo)為N33°34′33″，E109°15′45″。

早期階段侵位的閃長巖為中-細(xì)粒半自形粒狀結(jié)構(gòu)，塊狀構(gòu)造，主要礦物為斜長石(50%～55%)、鉀長石(2%～5%)、角閃石(20%～25%)、輝石(5%～10%)、石英(1%～3%)，副礦物為鋯石、磷灰石(圖3a)。晚期階段侵位的石英閃長巖的結(jié)構(gòu)為中粒，半自形粒狀結(jié)構(gòu)，塊狀構(gòu)造，其中斜長石(55%～60%)、鉀長石(～5%)、角閃石(15%～20%)、黑云母(5%)、石英(10%～15%)，副礦物為磁鐵礦、鋯石、磷灰石(圖3b)；花崗閃長巖為中-粗粒不等?；◢徑Y(jié)構(gòu)，塊狀構(gòu)造，主要礦物為斜長石(45%～50%)、石英(15%～20%)、鉀長石(10%)，暗色礦物為黑云母(10%)和角閃石(5%)，副礦物為磁鐵礦、鋯石、磷灰石(圖3c)。

2.2 分析方法

各樣品的鋯石單礦物分離是在河北區(qū)測隊(duì)(廊坊)完成，將大約5kg重的樣品破碎到60～80目，經(jīng)常規(guī)浮選和磁選方法分選后，在雙目鏡下挑純。將挑純的鋯石顆粒粘在雙面膠上，然后用無色透明的環(huán)氧樹脂固定，待環(huán)氧樹脂充分固化后拋磨至粒徑的大約二分之一，使鋯石內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)充分暴露，然后進(jìn)行鋯石顯微(反射光、透射光和CL圖像)照相。鋯石的顯微照相在北京大學(xué)電子學(xué)系及物理學(xué)系掃描電鏡上完成。

鋯石的U-Th-Pb及Lu-Hf同位素測試均在西北大學(xué)大陸動力學(xué)國家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室完成。鋯石定年分析所用的ICP-MS是Agilient公司最新一代的帶有Shield Torch的Agilient 7500a。原位鋯石Lu-Hf同位素測定采用Nu Plasma HR (Wrexham, UK)多接收電感耦合等離子體質(zhì)譜儀完成(MC-ICP-MS)。采用的激光剝蝕系統(tǒng)為德國MicroLas公司生產(chǎn)的GeoLas200M, 該系統(tǒng)由德國Lambda Physik公司的ComPex102 Excimer激光器(波長193nm)與MicroLas公司的光學(xué)系統(tǒng)組成(第五春榮等，2008，2010)。

圖4 閃長巖(08LY2-8)的鋯石特征和U-Pb年齡圖Fig.4 The zircon U-Pb isotopic concordia diagram and CL images of representative zircon grains from early diorite sample (08LY2-8)

3 分析結(jié)果

3.1 鋯石U-Pb年齡

3.1.1 樣品08LY2-8(閃長巖)

樣品08LY2-8為迷魂陣巖體早期階段侵位的閃長巖，共對其進(jìn)行了25顆鋯石25個點(diǎn)的LA-ICP-MS U-Pb同位素分析。CL圖像顯示大多數(shù)鋯石顆粒為半自形-自形短柱狀晶形，長度在100～200μm之間，長寬比在1:1到2:1之間，具有震蕩環(huán)帶或扇形帶，應(yīng)屬于巖漿成因鋯石(圖4)。其Th/U比為0.45～0.96，206Pb/238U表觀年齡為876～892Ma(表1)。在207Pb/235U-206Pb/238U的諧和圖(圖4)上，所有分析點(diǎn)全部落在諧和線上或者附近，其206Pb/238U加權(quán)平均年齡為885±4Ma(圖4)，MSWD=0.14，代表了早期階段閃長質(zhì)巖漿侵位年齡。

3.1.2 樣品08LY6-1(石英閃長巖)

樣品08LY6-1為迷魂陣巖體晚期階段侵位的石英閃長巖，共對其進(jìn)行了18顆鋯石18個點(diǎn)的LA-ICP-MS U-Pb同位素分析。在CL圖像中這些被分析的鋯石表現(xiàn)為灰黑色，不具備明顯的振蕩環(huán)帶，多數(shù)為長柱狀，長度在80～300μm之間，顆粒的長寬比變化較大，為3:2～7:2，其Th/U比0.91～1.21，為巖漿鋯石。其206Pb/238U表觀年齡比較集中，為734～749Ma(表1)。在207Pb/235U-206Pb/238U構(gòu)建的諧和圖中(圖5)，分析點(diǎn)均落于諧和線上，獲得的206Pb/238U加權(quán)平均年齡為740±4Ma(圖5)，MSWD=0.20，代表晚期階段巖漿侵位年齡。

表1鋯石U-Th-Pb同位素分析數(shù)據(jù)和年齡值

Table 1 Analytical data of zircon U-Th-Pb isotopes and age values

測點(diǎn)號Th/U207Pb/206Pb1σ207Pb/235U1σ206Pb/238U1σ207Pb/235U年齡(Ma)1σ206Pb/238U年齡(Ma)1σ閃長巖08LY2?8?01051006457000096132212003258014627000182847148801008LY2?8?02048006521000087132015003066014682000178855138831008LY2?8?0309600654200007613259800275701459000172853128781008LY2?8?0407100669000089134975003121014632000178867138801008LY2?8?050490067940000913815900319014748000179881148871008LY2?8?060710064710000913318400312401470200018851148841008LY2?8?07079006352000085132655002992014689000178840138841008LY2?8?0804500701200008214220800302014708000175898138851008LY2?8?09078006562000083134294002994014787000178862138891008LY2?8?10077006413000092132941003175014695000181845148841008LY2?8?1105100665000098134185003337014634000181864148801008LY2?8?12052006838000106138597003588014698000185883158841008LY2?8?13067006675000104136009003525014777000186872158881008LY2?8?14062006611000099134501003396014754000184865158871008LY2?8?1508006789000103138427003509014787000184882158891008LY2?8?16083006679000119136634003899014835000193875178921108LY2?8?17053006792000118138737003893014814000191884178911108LY2?8?18046006677000121136008003933014772000193872178881108LY2?8?1904500682900011813907200387701476900019885168881108LY2?8?20076007077000127143825004151014737000193905178861108LY2?8?21069006726000126136473004049014715000194874178851108LY2?8?22051006806000302136516008255014547000262874358761508LY2?8?230730066850001351365030042880148090002874188901108LY2?8?2408300668500012913567004127014718000196870188851108LY2?8?25047007010001361430460043770147980001989021889011石英閃長巖08LY6?1?01114005859000139105319002301217100014769612737808LY6?1?0211100585600015710512200258601215400015169513739908LY6?1?0310600592700014210651400235101216900014670212737808LY6?1?0411500582700013110518300217401222300014469511743808LY6?1?0512100588100013510611500224501221900014570011743808LY6?1?06110057740001410341200229101213300014468712738808LY6?1?07116006180001710993800275101205300014971814734908LY6?1?0811800586900013210552200216401218300014169711741808LY6?1?0912600583600013610431900220901211600014169111737808LY6?1?1009100607500017711033000291801231200015472015749908LY6?1?111180059220001510719800245601227500014670512746808LY6?1?1211400601700016310835700264801221200014871013743808LY6?1?131190058670001541044860024670120800014469213735808LY6?1?1412100603300016810751500265501210100014670613736808LY6?1?151180058200016410407200260801214400014669013739808LY6?1?161190060500016410813000258401214100014470913739808LY6?1?171150058500018210458700288601214700015169215739908LY6?1?1811800603000171108287002688012204000146710147428花崗閃長巖08LY8?3?011540061020001510018300362801190600016470518725908LY8?3?021300688000213115301005113012153000191779247391108LY8?3?0308800661100007811223200235701230900014276411748808LY8?3?0414300626300016710558004101012223000175732207431008LY8?3?051470126770002082081370057260119040001621143197259

續(xù)表1

Continued Table 1

測點(diǎn)號Th/U207Pb/206Pb1σ207Pb/235U1σ206Pb/238U1σ207Pb/235U年齡(Ma)1σ206Pb/238U年齡(Ma)1σ08LY8?3?061300616700014109768600334601148300015669217701908LY8?3?070760061200010110255100274301214800015171714739908LY8?3?080900633000091066330025701221300014873713743908LY8?3?09159006129000123102376003201210900016171616737908LY8?3?1013700607700016810076200405301202000178708207321008LY8?3?1112800609100013510277500347012233000169718177441008LY8?3?12102005911000163099791003935011994000179693207301008LY8?3?132130060140001251020190031901196300016370016728908LY8?3?1417500657700017110212004255012149000183754217391108LY8?3?1510600708100016116662004159012254000177799197451008LY8?3?1615400611900016096873003798011483000177688207011008LY8?3?1711400593000165097055003997011871000187689217231108LY8?3?18149005832000152103944003825012182000189693207411108LY8?3?19094006144000161103154004059012181000191720207411108LY8?3?2015900591000162099749004051012123000195697217381108LY8?3?2111005965000162101092004038012054000195699217341108LY8?3?221090056660002101384004788012089000218675257361308LY8?3?2317200593100019310221004711012140002137002473912

圖5 石英閃長巖(08LY06-1)的鋯石特征和U-Pb年齡圖Fig.5 The zircon U-Pb isotopic concordia diagram and CL images of representative zircon grains from late quartz diorite sample (08LY06-1)

3.1.3 樣品08LY8-3(花崗閃長巖)

圖6 花崗閃長巖(08LY8-3)的鋯石特征和U-Pb年齡圖Fig.6 The zircon U-Pb isotopic concordia diagram and CL images of representative zircon grains from late granodiorite sample (08LY8-3)

樣品08LY8-3為迷魂陣巖體晚期侵位的花崗閃長巖，共對其進(jìn)行了23顆鋯石23個點(diǎn)的LA-ICP-MS U-Pb同位素分析。鋯石在CL圖像中表現(xiàn)為短柱狀，具備明顯的振蕩環(huán)帶，長度在100～200μm之間，顆粒的長寬比變化不大，為1:1～3:2，其Th/U比0.76～2.13，為巖漿鋯石。其中分析點(diǎn)5遠(yuǎn)離諧和線，分析點(diǎn)6和16給出較小的206Pb/238U表觀年齡701Ma，并表現(xiàn)為不諧和，故年齡計算中沒有使用。其它20個分析點(diǎn)的206Pb/238U表觀年齡為723～748Ma(表1)，在207Pb/235U-206Pb/238U諧和圖(圖6)中均落于諧和線上及其附近，獲得了737±4Ma的206Pb/238U加權(quán)平均年齡(圖6)，MSWD=0.50，代表該樣品巖漿侵位年齡，與石英閃長巖的侵位年齡在誤差范圍內(nèi)一致，因此迷魂陣巖體中石英閃長巖-花崗閃長巖的形成時代為740±4Ma。

表2 LA-MC-ICPMS鋯石Lu-Hf同位素分析結(jié)果

Table 2 LA-MC-ICPMS zircon Lu-Hf isotopic compositions

測點(diǎn)號Age(Ma)176Yb/177Hf176Lu/177Hf176Hf/177Hf2s176Hf/177HfiεHf(0)εHf(t)tDM(Ma)fLu/Hf閃長巖08LY2?8?108LY2?8?208LY2?8?308LY2?8?408LY2?8?508LY2?8?608LY2?8?708LY2?8?808LY2?8?908LY2?8?1008LY2?8?1108LY2?8?1208LY2?8?1308LY2?8?1408LY2?8?1508LY2?8?1608LY2?8?1708LY2?8?1808LY2?8?1908LY2?8?2008LY2?8?2108LY2?8?2208LY2?8?2308LY2?8?2408LY2?8?2588500133150016358004230300200430017149001585000260650018466002562100245490021516001807800196670022915002990400296070015575001664700236860021313002049300130090019696003422300159330000535000067100016070000766000068300006250000959000073200009360000895000081700006820000738000086800011300001072000059300006390000937000076700007520000487000070400011930000606028253102824170282514028251002825710282513028248902824190282502028247702825740282514028247202825340282507028251802824730282477028252002825480282499028256702824920282538028252500000310000034000003200000260000027000003300000260000023000002400000280000021000002700000210000024000002400000250000020000002200000250000024000001900000210000026000002600000220282521899028240581902824869240282497423028255976602825021990282472655028240691202824868260282462233028256084028250238302824593560282519808028248853402825006102824627910282466737028250456602825349930282486602028255903102824799770282517957028251513-85-126-91-93-71-92-100-125-95-104-70-91-106-84-94-90-106-104-89-79-96-72-99-83-8710766959912110090679586121100851079610086881011129512193106105100811701061104395510351078116910581093954103510961012105710401090108510339901058956106710161017-098-098-095-098-098-098-097-098-097-097-098-098-098-097-097-097-098-098-097-098-098-099-098-096-098石英閃長巖08LY6?1?208LY6?1?308LY6?1?408LY6?1?508LY6?1?608LY6?1?708LY6?1?808LY6?1?908LY6?1?1008LY6?1?1108LY6?1?1208LY6?1?1308LY6?1?1408LY6?1?1508LY6?1?1608LY6?1?1708LY6?1?1874000355970001292028246800000240282450347-107501117-09600360740001293028244200000300282423919-117401154-09600430240001518028237200000340282350704-142141260-09500442680001599028250400000320282481604-95611075-09500434230001577028244500000320282422665-116401159-09500406360001468028241200000380282392043-127291201-09600413350001486028258600000290282565047-6690955-09600454320001660028253600000300282512672-84721031-09500565410002013028256900000310282540518-7282994-09400264120000965028244700000250282433398-115441137-09700495860001782028243700000330282412409-118361176-09500424460001522028243800000300282416852-118381167-09500444950001590028255500000350282532639-77791002-09500396240001426028251700000310282496909-90661052-09600464460001666028249800000240282474691-97581086-09500396660001439028245600000280282435681-112441139-09600474520001689028245500000300282431456-112431148-095

3.2 鋯石Hf同位素

根據(jù)樣品地質(zhì)和鋯石U-Pb年代學(xué)特征，對分別代表先后兩個不同階段的樣品08LY2-8和08LY6-1進(jìn)行了鋯石原位Lu-Hf 同位素的測試，數(shù)據(jù)列于表2，并表示于圖7。

圖7 迷魂陣巖體Hf同位素特征(a)-閃長巖(08LY2-8)；(b)-石英閃長巖(08LY6-1)Fig.7 In-situ zircon Hf isotopic data of Mihunzhen pluton(a)-diorite (08LY2-8); (b)-quartz diorite (08LY6-1)

早期階段侵位的閃長巖樣品08LY2-8共進(jìn)行了25個點(diǎn)的Lu-Hf同位素分析，用樣品的結(jié)晶年齡(885Ma)對176Hf/177Hf和εHf(t)值進(jìn)行校正，得出閃長巖的初始176Hf/177Hf值為0.0282406～0.0282561，εHf(t)值為+6.6～+12.1，平均值為+9.8，Hf同位素模式年齡(tDM)為955～1170Ma，平均值為1047Ma，與巖漿結(jié)晶年齡接近(圖7a)，揭示了閃長質(zhì)巖漿主要源于虧損地幔，巖漿侵位結(jié)晶過程中可能受到了地殼物質(zhì)的混染。

晚期階段侵位的石英閃長巖樣品08LY6-1共進(jìn)行了18個點(diǎn)的Lu-Hf 同位素分析，用740Ma的結(jié)晶年齡校正后的初始176Hf/177Hf值為0.0282351～0.0282565，εHf(t)值為+1.4～+9.0，平均值為+5.0，tDM為955～1260Ma，平均值為1119Ma(圖7b)，表現(xiàn)出以虧損地幔源巖漿為主受到了元古代地殼物質(zhì)的混染。

4 討論

3個樣品的LA-ICP-MS鋯石U-Pb定年結(jié)果表明迷魂陣巖體形成于兩個巖漿階段，早期巖漿階段形成閃長巖，其年齡為885±4Ma；晚期巖漿階段形成石英閃長巖-花崗閃長巖，時代為～740±4Ma。早期階段侵入的閃長巖的年齡與出露于揚(yáng)子克拉通北緣的銅廠閃長巖體侵位時代(879±7Ma，王偉等，2010；Wangetal., 2012)基本一致，位于揚(yáng)子陸塊核部的三斗坪英云閃長巖具有795±8Ma的結(jié)晶年齡，五堵門巖體英云閃長巖侵位于789±10Ma(凌文黎，2006)。這些年代學(xué)證據(jù)說明南秦嶺構(gòu)造帶內(nèi)的一些老地塊與楊子克拉通北緣及內(nèi)部新元古代時期有相似的巖漿活動歷史，因此南秦嶺構(gòu)造帶內(nèi)一些老地塊或者屬于楊子克拉通新元古代結(jié)晶基底的一部分，或者是從揚(yáng)子克拉通北緣分離出來的老地塊。Lietal.(2008)指出Rodinia超大陸拼合于1100～900Ma，之后約40Myr (860～750Ma)，地幔物質(zhì)上涌，誘發(fā)相關(guān)的的大陸裂谷作用和地幔柱活動。迷魂陣巖體的形成時間與Rodinia超大陸的主要裂解時期不一致，可能形成于新元古代與俯沖相關(guān)的伸展背景 (耿元生等, 2008; 劉樹文等, 2009a, b; Zhouetal., 2002, 2006; Zhao and Zhou, 2009; Zhaoetal., 2010, 2011)。

在εHf(t)-年齡圖解中(圖7)，早期階段的閃長巖樣品(08LY2-8)的εHf(t)值范圍+6.6～+12.1，平均值為+9.8，接近虧損地幔演化線，說明早期階段巖漿主要來自于虧損地幔物質(zhì)的部分熔融。而晚期階段石英閃長巖樣品(08LY06-1)的εHf(t)范圍為+1.4～+9.0，仍說明虧損地幔是巖漿的主要來源之一，而殼源物質(zhì)可能是制約巖漿作用的另一個重要因素，或者形成于早期階段閃長質(zhì)巖漿的結(jié)晶分異，之后又經(jīng)地殼物質(zhì)的混染，或者形成于閃長質(zhì)結(jié)晶分異的巖漿與殼源巖漿的混合作用。

5 結(jié)論

通過對迷魂陣巖體LA-MC-ICPMS鋯石U-Pb同位素年代學(xué)、Lu-Hf同位素分析，本文得出以下認(rèn)識：

(1)迷魂陣巖體主要由閃長巖、石英閃長巖和花崗閃長巖組成，形成于兩個巖漿作用階段，早期階段的閃長巖的形成時代為885±4Ma，晚期階段的石英閃長巖-花崗閃長巖的形成時代為～740±4Ma。

(2)早期閃長質(zhì)巖漿主要來源于虧損地幔的部分熔融，晚期石英閃長巖-花崗閃長巖巖漿主要形成于早期閃長質(zhì)巖漿的結(jié)晶分異，并經(jīng)歷了地殼物質(zhì)的混染或者來源于殼源巖漿的混合作用。

致謝樣品的LA-ICPMS鋯石U-Pb和Lu-Hf同位素測試得到了西北大學(xué)大陸動力學(xué)國家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室袁洪林教授的支持和幫助；主微量元素測試獲得了北京大學(xué)造山帶與地殼演化教育部重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室楊斌老師、古麗冰老師的幫助；在此一并表示衷心的感謝。

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