張艷蘭 杜忠東 楊海明 上官文 董 偉 宋銘晶
·論著·
川崎病小鼠腫瘤壞死因子α/核因子κB/基質(zhì)金屬蛋白酶-9通路研究
張艷蘭1,2杜忠東1,2楊海明1,2上官文1,2董 偉3宋銘晶3
目的 通過(guò)檢測(cè)川崎病(KD)小鼠TNF-α、核因子-κB(NF-κB)、基質(zhì)金屬蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)表達(dá)及活性變化,探討KD的發(fā)病機(jī)制。方法 3周齡C57BL/6雄性小鼠60只,分為模型組和對(duì)照組,每組各30只。模型組單次腹腔注射0.5 mL干酪乳桿菌細(xì)胞壁提取物(LCWE)制備KD模型,對(duì)照組注射等量生理鹽水。檢測(cè)兩組小鼠注射后14、28和56 d時(shí)點(diǎn)外周血TNF-α水平,心臟、冠狀動(dòng)脈組織NF-κB、MMP-9及其組織抑制物-1(TIMP-1)表達(dá)水平,NF-κB 、MMP-9表達(dá)活性。觀察小鼠心臟超聲改變,同時(shí)行病理學(xué)檢查冠狀動(dòng)脈病變嚴(yán)重程度。結(jié)果 ①模型組建模后14 和28 d時(shí)點(diǎn)超聲心動(dòng)圖顯示,冠狀動(dòng)脈血管內(nèi)膜毛糙,血管壁與血管周?chē)霈F(xiàn)高回聲,部分呈冠狀動(dòng)脈瘤樣擴(kuò)張改變;②模型組建模后14 和28 d時(shí)點(diǎn)病理學(xué)檢查可見(jiàn)冠狀動(dòng)脈主干周?chē)鼙谀[脹、以淋巴細(xì)胞為主的大量炎細(xì)胞浸潤(rùn),彈力層顯著破壞。模型組建模后14 d時(shí)點(diǎn),血清TNF-α水平明顯高于對(duì)照組[(389.3±0.3)vs(18.9±0.3)pg·mL-1,P<0.01];建模后14和28 d時(shí)點(diǎn)心臟及冠狀動(dòng)脈NF-κBp65蛋白表達(dá)水平模型組均顯著高于對(duì)照組[14 d:(37.5±9.3)vs(14.6±5.6)μg·L-1,28 d;(57.6±13.7)vs(21.6±6.6)μg·L-1;P均<0.05];建模后14和28 d時(shí)點(diǎn)心臟及冠狀動(dòng)脈MMP-9/TIMP-1水平模型組顯著高于對(duì)照組[14 d:(4.9±1.7)vs(0.5±0.4),28 d:(12.3±6.9)vs(0.09±0.1);P均<0.01]。結(jié)論 KD急性期TNF-α等炎性細(xì)胞因子分泌,NF-κB活化和MMP-9分泌上調(diào)可能是KD心臟及冠狀動(dòng)脈炎癥發(fā)生的重要通路。
川崎??; 動(dòng)物模型; 腫瘤壞死因子α; 核因子-κB; 基質(zhì)金屬蛋白酶-9
川崎病(KD)是一種好發(fā)于5歲以下兒童、病因未明的全身性血管炎綜合征,主要累及中小動(dòng)脈,特別是冠狀動(dòng)脈。KD的發(fā)病機(jī)制尚未明確,目前認(rèn)為與KD發(fā)病急性期的免疫系統(tǒng)高度激活導(dǎo)致的血管炎損害有關(guān)。有研究顯示,KD患兒外周血單核細(xì)胞NF-κB的表達(dá)較正常組升高,伴有冠狀動(dòng)脈并發(fā)癥時(shí)升高趨勢(shì)更明顯;外周血可觀察到MMP-9的異常表達(dá)和MMP-9/TIMPs比例失調(diào)。提示NF-κB和MMP-9通路可能參與了KD的血管炎癥過(guò)程,但臨床研究取材困難,特別是冠狀動(dòng)脈組織,難以開(kāi)展進(jìn)一步的機(jī)制研究,且尚未有明確統(tǒng)一的KD動(dòng)物模型。為此,本研究旨在通過(guò)單次腹腔注射干酪乳桿菌細(xì)胞壁提取物(LCWE),誘發(fā)小鼠冠狀動(dòng)脈炎癥,檢測(cè)不同時(shí)點(diǎn)TNF-α、NF-κB和MMP-9水平,從而為進(jìn)一步研究KD的發(fā)病機(jī)制提供新思路。
1.1 動(dòng)物 無(wú)特定病原體(SPF)級(jí)C57BL/6小鼠60只,雄性,3~4周齡,體重(10.5±0.8) g。購(gòu)自中國(guó)人民解放軍軍事醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)院實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物中心(合格證號(hào):SCXK軍2009-0007),飼養(yǎng)在中國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)院動(dòng)物研究所。研究獲得首都醫(yī)科大學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物倫理委員會(huì)批準(zhǔn)。
1.2 材料 干酪乳桿菌菌種由加拿大多倫多大學(xué)Yeung RS教授惠贈(zèng)。乳酸菌MRS肉湯培養(yǎng)基、藻紅蛋白標(biāo)記的大鼠抗小鼠CD34、別藻藍(lán)素標(biāo)記的大鼠抗小鼠CD45、異硫氰酸熒光素(FITC)標(biāo)記的大鼠抗小鼠Flk-1(BD公司);核糖核酸酶、脫氧核糖核酸酶Ⅰ、胰蛋白酶、鼠李糖標(biāo)準(zhǔn)品、十二烷基硫酸鈉、FITC標(biāo)記血凝素、噻唑藍(lán)、纖維連結(jié)蛋白、基質(zhì)膠(Sigma公司);內(nèi)皮細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)培養(yǎng)基-2(lonza公司);DiI標(biāo)記的乙?;兔芏戎鞍?Molecular Probes公司)。高分辨小動(dòng)物超聲儀(加拿大VISUALSONIC公司);高速冰凍離心機(jī)、臺(tái)式離心機(jī)(美國(guó)Eppendorf公司);超聲波細(xì)胞破碎儀(寧波新芝生物科技股份有限公司);-80℃冰箱(美國(guó)Cryostar公司);光學(xué)顯微鏡 (美國(guó)Olympus公司);細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)箱(美國(guó)SHELLAB公司);超凈工作臺(tái)(蘇州宏瑞凈化科技有限公司);流式細(xì)胞檢測(cè)儀(美國(guó)BD公司);酶標(biāo)儀(芬蘭Labsystems公司);切片機(jī)(德國(guó)Leica公司)。
1.3 制備LCWE 參考Yeung等[1]方法行LCWE提取。①將干酪乳桿菌進(jìn)行復(fù)蘇、培養(yǎng)后收集處于對(duì)數(shù)生長(zhǎng)期的酪乳桿菌,4%SDS進(jìn)行皂化裂解;②充分洗滌SDS后分別加入RNA酶、Trypsin、DNA酶去除菌液中RNA、蛋白質(zhì)、DNA,并離心收集沉淀物;③將所收集沉淀物超聲波破碎2 h,4℃ 10 000 r·min-1離心1 h,取上清液即為L(zhǎng)CWE;④硫酸/苯酚比色法測(cè)定LCWE含量,以PBS調(diào)整濃度為1 mg·mL-1。
1.4 小鼠KD模型的建立 將60只3~4周齡C57BL/6雄性小鼠任意分為模型組和對(duì)照組,每組各30只。于實(shí)驗(yàn)當(dāng)天(0 d)模型組腹腔注射0.5 mL LCWE(1 g·L-1)1次,對(duì)照組腹腔注射等量PBS液1次。
1.5 觀察指標(biāo)
1.5.1 一般情況 飲食、活動(dòng)、體重和毛發(fā)變化等。
1.5.2 超聲心動(dòng)圖檢查 于注射LCWE后14、28、56 d時(shí)點(diǎn)分別取模型組、對(duì)照組10只小鼠麻醉后脫毛,取仰臥位,分別于胸骨旁左室長(zhǎng)軸、左室短軸、四腔心切面行超聲檢測(cè),測(cè)量小鼠左冠狀動(dòng)脈內(nèi)徑,采用Vevo770軟件進(jìn)行測(cè)量分析。
1.5.3 TNF-α、NF-κBp65、MMP-9檢測(cè) 于上述3個(gè)時(shí)點(diǎn)心臟超聲后小鼠摘取眼球取血,離心分離血清和血漿采用ELISA方法測(cè)定外周血TNF-α含量。之后采用頸椎脫臼法處死小鼠并稱重,后解剖取心臟標(biāo)本并稱取心臟重量,將其分別置-20℃保存2 h,后置于-70℃保存。取部分心臟標(biāo)本置于蛋白保護(hù)液中,組織裂解提取總蛋白,采用Western-blotting方法測(cè)定心臟及冠狀動(dòng)脈NF-κBp65和MMP-9、TIMP-1蛋白表達(dá)水平;采用凝膠遷移或電泳遷移率檢測(cè)方法測(cè)定心臟及冠狀動(dòng)脈NF-κB活性水平;采用明膠酶譜方法測(cè)定心臟及冠狀動(dòng)脈MMP-9表達(dá)活性。
1.5.4 病理學(xué)檢查 心臟標(biāo)本光鏡下經(jīng)蘇木精-伊紅染色及彈力纖維蛋白染色,觀察炎細(xì)胞浸潤(rùn)情況及彈力層破壞情況。
2.1 一般情況 模型組注射LCWE后1~3 d,小鼠出現(xiàn)寒戰(zhàn),毛發(fā)紊亂無(wú)光澤,易激惹,納食、納水及活動(dòng)減少,喜抱團(tuán),持續(xù)3~4 d后逐漸恢復(fù)正常,于建模后第52天死亡2只。對(duì)照組無(wú)類(lèi)似表現(xiàn),無(wú)死亡。模型組與對(duì)照組建模后14、28、56 d時(shí)點(diǎn)體重、心臟重量、心臟重量/體重差異均無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(表1)。
2.2 超聲心動(dòng)圖檢測(cè) 建模后14和28 d時(shí)點(diǎn)模型組小鼠超聲心動(dòng)圖顯示其冠狀動(dòng)脈血管內(nèi)膜明顯毛糙,血管壁與血管周?chē)霈F(xiàn)高回聲,部分呈冠狀動(dòng)脈瘤樣擴(kuò)張改變(圖1A),左右冠狀動(dòng)脈均可受累,多為左冠狀動(dòng)脈主干近端,左側(cè)冠狀動(dòng)脈內(nèi)徑明顯增寬,顯著高于對(duì)照組[14 d:(0.46±0.11)vs(0.32±0.14) mm;28 d:(0.47±0.09)vs(0.36±0.06) mm],P<0.01。建模后56 d時(shí)點(diǎn)模型組超聲心動(dòng)圖顯示左冠狀動(dòng)脈內(nèi)徑為(0.43±0.11) mm,較前縮小,部分存在冠狀動(dòng)脈管腔狹窄、血栓形成(圖1B、C),與對(duì)照組[(0.38±0.02)mm]比較差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。
2.3 病理學(xué)檢查 建模后14 d時(shí)點(diǎn),模型組小鼠心臟標(biāo)本冠狀動(dòng)脈主干周?chē)梢?jiàn)到管壁腫脹、以淋巴細(xì)胞為主的大量炎細(xì)胞浸潤(rùn)(圖2A);28 d時(shí)點(diǎn)模型組小鼠冠狀動(dòng)脈炎癥細(xì)胞浸潤(rùn)消退,冠狀動(dòng)脈增寬、動(dòng)脈中層平滑肌增生明顯(圖2B);建模后56 d時(shí)點(diǎn),模型組小鼠彈力層可見(jiàn)顯著破壞,彈力層著色淺淡,失去正常的連續(xù)性,同時(shí)內(nèi)膜增生明顯(圖2C,D)。對(duì)照組冠狀動(dòng)脈的主干周?chē)匆?jiàn)明顯炎癥細(xì)胞浸潤(rùn),彈力層形態(tài)自然,能夠被連續(xù)染色,動(dòng)脈中層平滑肌未見(jiàn)增生,內(nèi)膜細(xì)胞形態(tài)正常(圖2E,F)。
Notes: There was no siginificant difference in birth weight, heart weight and heart weight/body weight ratio at different time points after operation between KD group and control group. 1)n=8
圖1 模型組不同時(shí)點(diǎn)冠狀動(dòng)脈超聲心動(dòng)圖表現(xiàn)
Fig 1 Ultrasonographic findings of coronary artery of the model group at different time points
Notes A: Echocardiography of model group on day 28 showed coarsed intima of coronary artery after intraperitoneal injections of LCWE, and local coronary artery aneurysm; B, C: Echocardiography of model group on day 56 showed coarsed intima of coronary artery and high density echo images around the coronary artery wall, and luminal stenosis and thrombosis
2.4 血清TNF-α水平比較 表2顯示,建模后14 d時(shí)點(diǎn)模型組血清TNF-α水平顯著高于對(duì)照組,P<0.01;28和56 d時(shí)點(diǎn),模型組血清TNF-α水平較14 d時(shí)點(diǎn)呈顯著下降趨勢(shì),與對(duì)照組比較差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義,P>0.05。
2.5 心臟及冠狀動(dòng)脈NF-κBp65活性及表達(dá)水平檢測(cè) 表2顯示,模型組建模后14 d時(shí)點(diǎn),心臟及冠狀動(dòng)脈NF-κBp65表達(dá)含量和蛋白活性明顯高于對(duì)照組,P<0.01。28 d時(shí)點(diǎn)模型組心臟及冠狀動(dòng)脈NF-κBp65表達(dá)含量和活性仍顯著高于對(duì)照組,P<0.01。56 d時(shí)點(diǎn)NF-κBp65表達(dá)含量和活性較14和28 d時(shí)點(diǎn)顯著下降,與對(duì)照組差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義,P>0.05。
2.6 心臟及冠狀動(dòng)脈MMP-9、TIMP-1蛋白表達(dá)水平及MMP-9活性檢測(cè) 表2顯示,建模后14和28 d時(shí)點(diǎn),模型組小鼠MMP-9、TIMP-1蛋白水平和MMP-9活性較對(duì)照組明顯升高,P<0.01;56 d時(shí)點(diǎn)模型組MMP-9、TIMP-1蛋白水平和MMP-9活性較14和28 d時(shí)點(diǎn)顯著下降,與對(duì)照組比較差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義,P>0.05。建模后14 d時(shí)點(diǎn),MMP-9/TIMP-1比值模型組明顯高于對(duì)照組,P<0.05。28 d時(shí)點(diǎn)MMP-9/TIMP-1水平較14 d時(shí)點(diǎn)升高,且顯著高于對(duì)照組,P<0.01;56 d時(shí)點(diǎn),兩組差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
圖2 模型組和對(duì)照組不同時(shí)點(diǎn)冠狀動(dòng)脈超聲心動(dòng)圖表現(xiàn)
Fig 2 Ultrasonographic findings of coronary artery in the model and control groups at different time points
NotesCA: coronary artery, AO: aorta. A:14 days after intraperitoneal injections of LCWE,a large number of inflammatory cell infiltration was identified in the coronary artery trunk and branches(HE dyed,×200); B: 28 days following LCWE injection , the infiltration of inflammatory cell was subsided,and the dilation of coronary artery,the hyperplasia of smooth muscle in the film of coronary artery intima could be observed(HE dyed, ×200); C,D: Broken elastin was observed in the murine model of KD group after intraperitoneal injections of LCWE on day 56, and accompanied by the hyperplasia of coronary artery intima (Elastin stain, ×400); E: No significant inflammatory cell infiltration was detected around coronary artery in normal control group(HE dyed, ×200); F: Elastin of coronary artery in normal control group was continuous, no remarkable destruction was observed
由于KD多數(shù)預(yù)后良好,患兒的病理標(biāo)本臨床不易獲得,應(yīng)用KD動(dòng)物模型成為探索其發(fā)病機(jī)制的重要手段。目前已有的KD動(dòng)物模型包括:犬、兔、小豬和小鼠,其中犬為自然起病,其余為誘導(dǎo)免疫模型。本研究采用課題組前期建立的小鼠KD模型[2],對(duì)不同階段KD小鼠模型行超聲心動(dòng)圖檢查,對(duì)其冠狀動(dòng)脈損傷情況進(jìn)行動(dòng)態(tài)觀測(cè)和全面評(píng)價(jià),并對(duì)其心臟標(biāo)本進(jìn)行病理觀察,結(jié)果顯示:模型組小鼠急性期(14和28 d時(shí)點(diǎn))冠狀動(dòng)脈血管內(nèi)膜明顯毛糙,部分呈冠狀動(dòng)脈瘤樣擴(kuò)張改變,多為左冠狀動(dòng)脈主干近端,左側(cè)冠狀動(dòng)脈內(nèi)徑增寬;模型組恢復(fù)期(56 d時(shí)點(diǎn))超聲心動(dòng)圖顯示冠狀動(dòng)脈內(nèi)徑值較前縮小,部分存在冠狀動(dòng)脈管腔狹窄、血栓形成。這一結(jié)果與KD患兒不同病程的超聲心動(dòng)圖檢查結(jié)果較為一致[3]。模型組小鼠急性期冠狀動(dòng)脈主干周?chē)粤馨图?xì)胞為主的大量炎細(xì)胞浸潤(rùn),恢復(fù)期冠狀動(dòng)脈炎癥細(xì)胞浸潤(rùn)消退,冠狀動(dòng)脈增寬、動(dòng)脈中層平滑肌增生明顯,同時(shí)內(nèi)膜增生明顯,其冠狀動(dòng)脈損傷的病理變化與自然病程狀態(tài)的KD患兒冠狀動(dòng)脈損傷情況十分相似[4~6],能很好的模擬KD冠狀動(dòng)脈損傷的形成過(guò)程。
Notes KD groupvscontrol group, 1)P<0.05, 2)P<0.01, 3) the number of mice in model group was 8
單核/巨噬細(xì)胞的異常活躍被認(rèn)為與血管損害的形成相關(guān)。激活的單核/巨噬細(xì)胞可分泌TNF-α、IL-10、IL-6和IFN-γ等炎性細(xì)胞因子,同時(shí)也通過(guò)自分泌方式作用于單核/巨噬細(xì)胞本身,釋放炎性介質(zhì)加劇炎性反應(yīng)[7]。疾病早期,動(dòng)脈壁內(nèi)即出現(xiàn)明顯的水腫和壞死性改變,內(nèi)皮細(xì)胞和外膜炎癥最先出現(xiàn),循環(huán)中內(nèi)皮細(xì)胞數(shù)明顯增加[1,2,8],很快出現(xiàn)動(dòng)脈全層的炎癥,嚴(yán)重?fù)p害動(dòng)脈的支持系統(tǒng),減弱血管壁完整性,最終血管壁的各層不能分辨,動(dòng)脈開(kāi)始擴(kuò)張,動(dòng)脈瘤開(kāi)始形成。Hui等[9]給野生型C57BL/6小鼠腹腔注入LCWE發(fā)現(xiàn)冠狀動(dòng)脈炎癥,而TNF-α缺陷的TNFRI-/-、TNFRII-/-小鼠不產(chǎn)生冠狀動(dòng)脈病變;使用TNF-α拮抗劑(etanercept)能保護(hù)小鼠不產(chǎn)生冠狀動(dòng)脈病變。提示,TNF-α是LCWE誘導(dǎo)的小鼠冠狀動(dòng)脈炎癥發(fā)生發(fā)展中重要的炎癥因子?;|(zhì)金屬蛋白酶(MMPs)是一類(lèi)鋅、鈣離子依賴性的內(nèi)源性蛋白水解酶家族,在體內(nèi)主要降解細(xì)胞外基質(zhì)(ECM),在結(jié)締組織的降解和重建、炎癥反應(yīng)和缺氧缺血損傷等過(guò)程中起重要作用[10]。最近研究發(fā)現(xiàn),KD合并冠狀動(dòng)脈病變患兒MMP-2、MMP-9水平顯著升高[11],而血管彈性層的破壞與局部MMP-9/TIMP-1比值持續(xù)失衡、MMP-9活性過(guò)高有關(guān)[12,13]。本研究表明,KD模型小鼠MMP-9含量在建模后14和28 d時(shí)點(diǎn)與對(duì)照組比較明顯增高,TIMP-1的表達(dá)隨MMP-9的增多而增強(qiáng),MMP-9/TIMP-1及MMP-9的活性在建模后14和28 d時(shí)點(diǎn)較對(duì)照組明顯升高,28 d時(shí)點(diǎn)的差別尤為明顯。而在建模后56 d時(shí)點(diǎn),MMP-9含量及活性、MMP-9/TIMP-1明顯下降,與對(duì)照組間無(wú)顯著差異。
MMP-9在KD中上調(diào)的機(jī)制目前尚不清楚。Sakata等[14]發(fā)現(xiàn),經(jīng)KD患兒血漿或細(xì)胞因子處理的臍帶內(nèi)皮細(xì)胞有MMP-9 mRNA的表達(dá),認(rèn)為IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α可刺激MMP-9的表達(dá)。核轉(zhuǎn)錄因子-κB(NF-κB)與MMP-9的關(guān)系既往多在癌癥細(xì)胞研究中被報(bào)道。Li等[15]認(rèn)為IL-23可通過(guò)活化NF-κB通路上調(diào)MMP-9的表達(dá),促進(jìn)肝細(xì)胞癌轉(zhuǎn)移。有研究認(rèn)為,MMP-9基因啟動(dòng)子位置及TIMP-1基因5′ 調(diào)節(jié)區(qū)域均存在NF-κB結(jié)合位點(diǎn)??墒辜?xì)胞間黏附分子、誘導(dǎo)型一氧化氮合酶、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-lβ及IL-8等炎癥反應(yīng)相關(guān)炎癥前分子的轉(zhuǎn)錄最大化,進(jìn)而激發(fā)MMP-9分泌[16]。Ichiyama等[17]發(fā)現(xiàn)KD患兒?jiǎn)魏?巨噬細(xì)胞內(nèi)NF-κB活性明顯增加,認(rèn)為NF-κB可能作為始發(fā)炎癥反應(yīng)的上游環(huán)節(jié)在介導(dǎo)血管內(nèi)皮細(xì)胞炎性損傷中起重要作用。本研究結(jié)果也顯示,模型組小鼠建模后14 d時(shí)點(diǎn),其心臟及冠狀動(dòng)脈NF-κBp65及MMP-9表達(dá)含量明顯高于對(duì)照組,表達(dá)含量在建模后28 d時(shí)點(diǎn)下降。
綜上所述,在KD急性期,TNF-α等炎性細(xì)胞因子分泌、NF-κB活化、MMP-9分泌上調(diào),TNF-α/NF-κB/MMP-9可能是KD心臟及冠狀動(dòng)脈炎發(fā)生的重要通路,相關(guān)的發(fā)病機(jī)制有待進(jìn)一步深入研究。
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(本文編輯:丁俊杰)
Experimental study of TNF-α/NF-κB/MMP-9 pathway in a murine model of Kawasaki disease
ZHANG Yan-lan1,2, DU Zhong-dong1,2, YANG Hai-ming1,2,SHANGGUAN Wen1,2, DONG Wei3,SONG Ming-jing3
(1 Department of Cardiology, Beijing Children′s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100045;2 Key laboratory of major diseases in childfren, Ministry of education (Capital Medical University);3 Animal Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing 100021, China)
DU Zhong-dong,E-mail:duzhongdong@126.com
ObjectiveTo detect the changes of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9) in acute phase of a murine model of mice with Kawasaki disease, and to investigate the pathogenesis of Kawasaki disease.MethodsLactobacillus casei cell wall extraction (LCWE) was prepared and injected intraperitoneally to 3 weeks old C57BL/6 mice to induce KD. On day 14, 28 and 56, western blotting, electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), zymography and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to detect serum TNF-α levels, the expression and activation of NF-κBp65 protein in cardiac tissue and coronary artery, the expression of MMP-9 and their inhibitors in cardiac tissue and coronary artery in murine model of KD. At the same time, coronary artery damage was assessed by echocardiography and pathological detection.ResultsEchocardiography identified that coarsed intima of coronary artery and high density echo images around the coronary artery wall were found after intraperitoneal injections of LCWE, and accompanied by local coronary artery aneurysm. Furthermore, swelling of vessal wall and focal inflammatory infiltrate in the murine model of KD group were identified in the coronary artery trunk and branches. Broken elastin was consistently observed in the murine model of KD group. The serum TNF-α levels in the murine model group of KD (389.3±0.3 pg·mL-1on d14) were significantly higher as compared to control group(18.9±0.3 pg·mL-1on D14) (P<0.01). The expression of NF-κBp65 in the model group(37.5±9.3μg·L-1on d14, 57.6±13.7 μg·L-1on d28) was significantly higher than control group (14.6±5.6 μg·L-1on d14, 21.6±6.6 μg·L-1on d28)on day 14 and day 28 following LCWE injection (allP<0.05). The expressions of MMP-9/TIMP-1 in control group (0.5±0.4 on d14, 0.09±0.1 on d28) were significantly lower than the murine model group of KD(4.9±1.7 on d14, 12.3±6.9 on d28) on day 14 and day 28 after LCWE injection (P<0.01).ConclusionUp-regulation of TNF-α/NF-κB/MMP-9 pathway might be an important mechanism of inflammation of heart and coronary arteritis in the acute phase of KD. Further study is needed to clarify this pathogenesis.
Kawasaki disease; Model; Tumor necrosis factor-α; Nuclear factor kappa-B; Matrix metalloproteinases-9
國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金面上項(xiàng)目:81274109、30973238;北京自然科學(xué)基金B(yǎng)類(lèi)/北京教育委員會(huì)重大科研項(xiàng)目:KZ201010025024;北京市教育委員會(huì)科技創(chuàng)新平臺(tái)項(xiàng)目:PXM2011_014226_07_000085;北京市衛(wèi)生系統(tǒng)高層次衛(wèi)生技術(shù)人才培養(yǎng)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目:2009-3-38
1 首都醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬北京兒童醫(yī)院心內(nèi)科 北京,100045;2 教育部?jī)嚎浦卮蠹膊≈攸c(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室(首都醫(yī)科大學(xué)) 北京,100045;3 中國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)院動(dòng)物研究所 北京,100021
杜忠東,E-mail: duzhongdong@126.com
10.3969/j.issn.1673-5501.2014.0.013
2013-11-24
2014-01-07)