論英語(yǔ)閱讀技巧

陳娟

一、Specific Information

如果你想要找到更為關(guān)鍵、詳盡的信息，就可以通過(guò)When,Where,What,Who,or How找到。

例如：I must say that my greatest interest in lift is studying.I would rather study than anything else.Since I left school,I have taken courses in all sorts of things.Once or twice I have done a correspondence course,but I much prefer evening classes because it’s more than that way.My latest“craze”—if you can call it that—is foreign languages.I’m leaning two,not one!

1.Since the author left school,he has_____.

A.taken a lot of correspondence courses

B.attended many different courses

C.leaned a lot of languages

D.had many interests

答案：B

二、General Idea

當(dāng)你閱讀的時(shí)候，你必須要理解文章的大意。而要找出主旨、大意，你可以運(yùn)用Skimming(略讀)這種閱讀技巧。通常一句話就可以表達(dá)整篇文章的中心思想，中心句通常出現(xiàn)在文章的第一段、最后一段或是中間段落。但是，這種句子不是在任何文章中都表達(dá)出來(lái)了的。如遇這種情況，主旨大意就被隱含了，你要通觀整篇文章才能理解。

例如：Forests are very important to people.People get wood for fuel and lumber for houses in the forests.They get food from the plant and trees.They also get other things like rubber,wax,rattan and bamboo from the forests.

答案：Importance of Forests

三、Context Clues to Word Meaning

“Context Clues”主要有四種類型：

（1）重述單詞：作者用其他方式更簡(jiǎn)單地描述單詞的意思。

（2）同義詞：一個(gè)或兩個(gè)詞跟要理解的單詞的意思差不多。

（3）反義詞：作者用與要理解的詞的意思相反的單詞來(lái)給我們暗示。

（4）細(xì)節(jié)：作者列出更多的細(xì)節(jié)或是例子來(lái)給我們闡釋更簡(jiǎn)單的意思。

例如：In the past the world seemed to run in an orderly way.Now,however,everything seems to be in a state ofturmoil.

2.What’s the meaning of the underlined word?

A.Orderly B.Disordered C.Safe D.Stable答案：B

四、Word-part Clues to Word Meaning

如果有時(shí)你猜不出新單詞的意思，一種方法可以教你學(xué)習(xí)：前綴、后綴和合成詞。學(xué)會(huì)了這些，會(huì)節(jié)省很多時(shí)間并且增加你的詞匯量。

如：(1)前綴

mis-錯(cuò)，誤;mid-中央;under-低于;anti-反對(duì)

(2)后綴

reality.(-ty為名詞的標(biāo)志)；(-ize為及物動(dòng)詞的標(biāo)志，如realize,modernize)

(3)合成詞

partakes in相當(dāng)于takes part in。再如break out—outbreak(名詞“爆發(fā)”)，set out-outset(名詞“起始”)。

例如：The reason for a visit to lighthouse are not all so backward—looking in time.It is true that lighthouses were built inout-of-the-wayplaces.But on a pleasant sunny summer day,this very isolation has a natural beauty that many people will love to experience.

3.The underlined phrase “out-of-the-way”means_____.

答案：Far way

五、Signal Words

閱讀時(shí)，有時(shí)重要的單詞能幫助你理解文章。它們的功能就像交通燈或路標(biāo)一樣引導(dǎo)你沿著作者的思路走下去。它們會(huì)出現(xiàn)在文章的任何地方或者能起到連接兩個(gè)段落的作用。例：but/however/although/nevertheless;anyway;on the other hand;in addition;furthermore/moreover;likewise;because/since/for/as;for example;for instance;in other words;such as;as;like;namely;one,two,three...

例如：As a matter of face,music is an expression of the people.As you research,you will find music of people a love of nature and at work or at party.You will find it can express love of the country,love of nature and love of home.Music is also an expression of the computer.The composer expresses him own music ideas.He studies the materials of music and discovers the use of them.He looks for new kinds of musical expression.

答案：As a matter of face;As(you research),Also

六、Recognizing the Author’s Attitude

作者在寫文章時(shí)，并沒(méi)有明確寫出他的觀點(diǎn)是中立或是反對(duì)的，特別是當(dāng)他要說(shuō)服閱讀者同意他們的觀點(diǎn)時(shí)。所以通過(guò)呈現(xiàn)出來(lái)的思想或信息來(lái)理解作者的觀點(diǎn)是很重要的。

例如：Mr.Smith taught English at a school.At the beginning of his lesson,he liked to have one of his students give a report on any subject.When it was Jack’s turn,he told his audience about his elder brother who was a local worker.But during the report,his eyes were staring at the world map on the wall all the time.Mr.Smith knew that Jack didn’t look at the audience because he was nervous.He said to Jack jokingly,“We can see you miss your brother very much.But is he good now in South America?”

4.The style of the passage is______.

A.miserable B.sorrowful C.happy D.humorous

答案：D

[1]黃芳.實(shí)用大學(xué)英語(yǔ) [M].中國(guó)水利水電出版社,2011,12.

[2]王曉燕.快速閱讀的技能和技巧[J].中國(guó)科教創(chuàng)新導(dǎo)刊,2007(14).

[3]鄧薇,丁銘.淺談練習(xí)英語(yǔ)快速閱讀的方法[J].科教文匯(上旬刊),2008(01).