盤點(diǎn)國內(nèi)各省市使領(lǐng)館區(qū)

□ 文/唐綱

領(lǐng)事館是一國駐在他國某個(gè)城市的領(lǐng)事代表機(jī)關(guān)的總稱，有總領(lǐng)事館、領(lǐng)事館、副領(lǐng)事館等，負(fù)責(zé)管理當(dāng)?shù)乇緡鴥S民和其它領(lǐng)事事務(wù)。改革開放以來，隨著中外經(jīng)貿(mào)合作、文化交流、高層互訪的增多，外國在中國設(shè)立使領(lǐng)館的步伐越來越快，很多國家在中國的很多大城市也設(shè)立了總領(lǐng)館、領(lǐng)事館、副領(lǐng)事館、代辦處等。為了更好地發(fā)揮這些使領(lǐng)館的作用，提升城市的國際化水平，樹立對(duì)外開放形象，一些城市還專門建立了使領(lǐng)館區(qū)，將原本分散的使領(lǐng)館集中設(shè)立。本期盤點(diǎn)了國內(nèi)主要省市建立的使領(lǐng)館區(qū)。

北京使館區(qū)

北京使館區(qū)是在北京的外國駐中國的大使館所在區(qū)域，又被稱為“第二國境線”，曾位于中國北京城前門外的東交民巷，現(xiàn)分別位于建國門外及三里屯地區(qū)。

東交民巷原名東江米巷，是老北京城米的集散地。1901年清朝政府的《北京各國使館界址四至》和《辛丑和約》中，此巷劃成為中國第一個(gè)“使館區(qū)”。

1949年之后，新使館區(qū)漸漸形成于北京建國門外和朝陽門外，它們分別稱為“北京第一使館區(qū)”和“北京第二使館區(qū)”。

第一使館區(qū)主要是一些親社會(huì)主義的國家使館。主要為中華人民共和國建國后，較早承認(rèn)新中國并建立外交關(guān)系的國家在中國設(shè)立的使領(lǐng)館。

第二使館區(qū)又稱為北使館區(qū)，由周恩來制定區(qū)域并建設(shè)于1960年代初期，西方發(fā)達(dá)國家使館云集此處，環(huán)境幽靜。

1980年，北京規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)研究院按上級(jí)指示將亮馬河下游過三環(huán)路的區(qū)域規(guī)劃成“北京第三使館區(qū)”。不過直到最近兩年，才開始有國家在此建設(shè)駐華使館。部分國家如美國、韓國等于近年將大使館遷入本區(qū)。

上海領(lǐng)事館區(qū)

上海領(lǐng)事館區(qū)位于淮海中路，區(qū)內(nèi)除已建成并投入使用的日本領(lǐng)館和澳大利亞領(lǐng)館官員公寓外，美國、韓國、新加坡、巴基斯坦以及荷蘭、印度、古巴、以色列、羅馬尼亞、丹麥、瑞士、阿根廷等國駐滬總領(lǐng)事館的館址均設(shè)立在此區(qū)域范圍內(nèi)。

上海領(lǐng)事館有如城市的文脈，美國領(lǐng)事館院子氣派，日本領(lǐng)事館充滿神秘色彩……領(lǐng)事館旁的道路有歷史感，人氣、商氣足，是商人眼中的黃金地段，旁邊有很多酒吧、餐廳和小店，區(qū)域里商業(yè)氣氛濃厚。

成都領(lǐng)事館區(qū)

成都領(lǐng)事館區(qū)位于成都市南延線旁的中和鎮(zhèn)，面積約為237畝，規(guī)劃容納20個(gè)領(lǐng)事館，它將把分散在成都各處的9家領(lǐng)事機(jī)構(gòu)搬到該區(qū)域。成都領(lǐng)事館區(qū)主要由館舍、官邸和配套設(shè)施等部分組成，根據(jù)各領(lǐng)事館的需要，將采取特色各異的修建方式，并為今后來川的領(lǐng)事機(jī)構(gòu)留出館區(qū)位置。成都領(lǐng)事館區(qū)的建設(shè)主旨在于：專門設(shè)立領(lǐng)事館區(qū)，為領(lǐng)事館提供更完善的服務(wù)和更舒適的環(huán)境，有利于吸引更多國家在蓉設(shè)領(lǐng)事館，提升成都的國際化水平。領(lǐng)事館區(qū)將成為四川對(duì)外開放的一張名片。

沈陽領(lǐng)事館區(qū)

去年10月，沈陽市計(jì)劃修新的領(lǐng)事館區(qū)，落址前競賽村，叫藍(lán)海國際社區(qū)綜合開發(fā)項(xiàng)目，規(guī)劃包括能夠滿足20-30個(gè)領(lǐng)館建筑的60公頃土地作為沈陽新的領(lǐng)館區(qū)核心區(qū)，并在周邊2-3平方公里規(guī)劃配套區(qū)，其中包括外國人居住區(qū)、藍(lán)海學(xué)校、國際醫(yī)院、商務(wù)文化區(qū)、酒吧街等。目前，新領(lǐng)事館區(qū)已經(jīng)省、市政府等相關(guān)部門批準(zhǔn)，規(guī)劃方案已經(jīng)市規(guī)委會(huì)審定。

廣州領(lǐng)事館區(qū)

廣州市以前規(guī)劃了赤崗領(lǐng)事館區(qū)，是廣州赤崗?fù)馐?、文化和高?jí)辦公住宅綜合新區(qū)的重要組成部分，占地面積約23萬平方米，位于廣州大橋南東側(cè)，處在廣州市城市發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略規(guī)劃規(guī)定的南拓軸上，緊鄰新城市中軸線，與開發(fā)中的廣州珠江新城市中心、二沙島文化體育商住區(qū)隔江相對(duì)，東鄰琶洲國際博覽城，與其共同構(gòu)成廣州市對(duì)外交流的窗口。

廣州市后來又在南沙規(guī)劃了廣東省規(guī)模最大的領(lǐng)館區(qū)，占地面積約150公頃，預(yù)計(jì)容納40-50個(gè)外國使領(lǐng)館。

武漢領(lǐng)事館區(qū)

2006年，武漢市就提出規(guī)劃建設(shè)專門的“外國領(lǐng)館區(qū)”，并進(jìn)行了規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)。武漢市外僑辦有關(guān)負(fù)責(zé)人表示，由于之前時(shí)機(jī)不太成熟，因而“外國領(lǐng)館區(qū)”一直未開建。隨著在漢設(shè)立總領(lǐng)事館的國家越來越多，今年，湖北、武漢已將建設(shè)“外國領(lǐng)館區(qū)”列入議事日程。

今年，在武漢市舉行的“兩會(huì)”上，武漢市長唐良智稱武漢市已完成領(lǐng)事館區(qū)規(guī)劃工作，今年將啟動(dòng)領(lǐng)事館區(qū)建設(shè)。武漢外國領(lǐng)事館區(qū)選址漢陽墨水湖南岸，緊鄰江城大道。目前，法國、美國、德國和香港、臺(tái)灣等50個(gè)國家和地區(qū)在武漢都有投資項(xiàng)目，但武漢的領(lǐng)事館數(shù)量目前僅為3個(gè)，武漢建設(shè)領(lǐng)事館區(qū)將吸引和爭取更多國家來漢設(shè)立領(lǐng)事館。

南寧領(lǐng)事館區(qū)

2008年10月20日，位于中國西南邊陲的廣西南寧領(lǐng)事館區(qū)舉行隆重開工儀式。南寧領(lǐng)事館區(qū)是中國—東盟商務(wù)區(qū)的重要組成部分，主要規(guī)劃建設(shè)東盟以及世界其他國家駐南寧總領(lǐng)事館，規(guī)劃建設(shè)占地面積8.7公頃，可容納18個(gè)國家領(lǐng)事館集中在此。

Embassies and Consulates Area in China

Consulate is a general term of an organ which represents a state stationed in another state, including Consulates General, Consulates, Deputy Consulate General, which are responsible for the management of local nationals and other consular services. As the foreign trade and economic cooperation, cultural exchanges and high-level visits increased, many countries established Consulate-General, Consulate,Deputy Consulate, representative office in many big cities in China. In order to better play the role of the consulate, raising the level of internationalization of the city, setting up the opening image, some cities were devoted to establish diplomatic and consular areas to centralize the spreading embassies and consulates.

Embassies Area in Beijing

Embassies Area in Beijing is where all foreign embassies which located in Beijing, it’s also known as "second national boundary", it used to locate at Dongjiaomin Lane that’s outside the front door of Beijing city, now located outside of JianGuoMen and SanLiTun area. In 1980, Beijing Planning and Design Research Institute planned the area which passes the third loops in the lower reaches of Xiama River into the"Third Embassy District of Beijing”. Some countries such as the United States and Korea started to move their embassies into this area in recent years.

Consulates Area in Shanghai

Consulates Area in Shanghai located at Huaihai Zhong Road, besides the Japanese Consulate and Australia consular officials’ apartment which have been built and put into use, other Consulates General such as the United States, Korea, Singapore, Pakistan,Netherlands, India, Cuba, Israel, Romania, Denmark,Switzerland, and Argentina all established in this area. The road that’s next to the Consulates is full of historical, popular, commercial atmosphere. There are lots of bars, restaurants and shops in this area.

Consulates Area in Chengdu

Consulates Area in Chengdu located in Zhonghe Town next to the south of Chengdu with the planned capacity of 20 consulates. Chengdu consulate area includes premises, residences and support facilities,according to the needs of consulates; it will be built with different characteristics, and set aside places for the future consulates.

The main objective of building Consulates Area in Chengdu is to set up consulates, provide better service and more comfortable environment, attracting more countries to set up consulates in Chengdu, promote the level of internationalization of Chengdu.

Consulates Area in Shenyang

Last October, Shenyang planned to build new consulates area which located at former Race Village,called Lanhai international community development project, including the ability to meet the 20-30 of the Consulates building core area of 60 hectares of land and surrounding 2-3 square kilometers area of foreign quarter, blue ocean school, international hospital,business culture area, bar street and so on. At present,the new Consulates area has been approved by relevant provincial and municipal government; the planning programme has been audited by the City Planning Commission.

Consulates Area in Guangzhou

Guangzhou planned Chigang Consulate area before, covers an area of 230,000 square meters,located in the Southeast of Guangzhou Bridge. Later Guangzhou planned the largest Consulate area in Nansha, covers an area of about 150 hectares, it is expected to accommodate 40-50 foreign Consulates.

Consulates Area in Wuhan

Wuhan will start to build consulates area this year.It located in the South of Moshui Lake in Hanyang,close to Jiangcheng Avenue. At present, France, the United States, Germany, Hong Kong, Taiwan and 50 other countries and regions have investments in Wuhan,but there are only 3 consulates in Wuhan currently.Building the consulates area will appeal and attract more countries to build consulates.

Consulates Area in Nanning

On October 20th, 2008, consulates area which located in Nanning,Guangxi held a grand ceremony.Consulates areas in Nanning is an important part of China-ASEAN business district, mainly planning and build the ASEAN as well as the rest of the world Consulates General in Nanning, covering an area of 8.7 hectares which can accommodate up to 18 countries consulates settled here.