院士風采

唐孝威

1931.10.01～

實驗物理學(xué)家想江蘇無錫人。1952年畢業(yè)于清華大學(xué)。中國科學(xué)院高能物理研究所研究員。主要從事原子核物理、高能物理。物理學(xué)與其他學(xué)科交叉領(lǐng)域等方面的研究。50年代研制核輻射探測器。60年代參加中國原子彈、氫彈研究及試驗，做出重要貢獻。70年代進行衛(wèi)星空間輻射測量并領(lǐng)導(dǎo)中國小組參加馬克杰國際合作實驗， 發(fā)現(xiàn)膠子噴注現(xiàn)象。80年代參加L3合作實驗，證實存在三代中微子；還開展物理學(xué)與生物學(xué)交叉學(xué)科研究。90年代從事腦科學(xué)和核醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域的研究工作。

1980年當選為中國科學(xué)院院士（學(xué)部委員）。

Experimental physicist. Born in Wuxi, Jiangsu Province.Graduated from Tsinghua University in 1952. Research professor,Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Tang is mainly engaged in nuclear physics, high energy physics and interdisciplinary research of physics and other fields.He studied nuclear radiation detectors in the 1950s and made important contributions to the investigation and test of Chinese atomic bomb and hydrogen bomb in the 1960s. He measured the space radiation in Chinese satellites in the 1970s. Then he led a Chinese group to join Mark-J international collaboration which discovered the phenomena of gluon jet. In the 1980s, he joined L3 collaboration which established the existence of three generations of neutrino. He conducted interdisciplinary research of physics and biology. He has been involved in brain research and nuclear medicine in the 1990s.

He was elected Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1980.

談鎬生

1916.12.01～2005.09.28

力學(xué)、物理學(xué)、應(yīng)用數(shù)學(xué)家。原籍江蘇武進，生于江蘇蘇州。1939年畢業(yè)于上海交通大學(xué)。1949年獲美國康奈爾大學(xué)航空、數(shù)學(xué)、力學(xué)博士學(xué)位。中國科學(xué)院力學(xué)研究所研究員。50年代解決了一些流體力學(xué)中的關(guān)鍵性問題：建立了激波馬赫發(fā)射理論（核爆炸破壞理論的關(guān)鍵性工作）；開拓了直升機翼流場的研究；解決了著名的普朗特-卡門疑難；求得了水翼理論的基本解。在稀薄空氣動力學(xué)、湍流研究、推動中國力學(xué)研究發(fā)展等方面都作出了重要貢獻。

1980年當選為中國科學(xué)院院士（學(xué)部委員）。

Scientist of mechanics, physics and applied mathematics.Born in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province. Graduated from Shanghai Jiaotong University in 1939. Received Ph. D. in aeronautics,mathematics and mechanics from Cornell University, USA in 1949.Research professor, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

In the 1950, Tan solved some crucial problems in fluid mechanics, developed Mach reflection theory of shock wave ( the key work of collapse theory for nuclear explosion ) , opened up the wingflow study of helicopters, solved the well-known Prandtl-Karma paradox, and obtained the basic solution of hydrofoil theory.He also made great contributions to rarefied gas dynamics and turbulence research and gave impetus to the modernization of mechanics.

2017年9月19日那天，全市小學(xué)一年級的語文老師在市教研員羅老師的組織下聽了一堂精彩而有意義的講座。主講者是語文出版社湖北省仙桃市教育科學(xué)研究院向愛平老師，向老師幽默的話語引發(fā)了我們更多的思考。他說，成功的語文教學(xué)當務(wù)之急應(yīng)領(lǐng)悟新課標，彰顯真語文。 經(jīng)過我的反復(fù)思考，覺得上好語文課至少要從解讀《課標》入手。

He was elected Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1980.

黃祖洽

1924.10.02～

理論物理學(xué)家。湖南長沙人。1948年畢業(yè)于清華大學(xué)，1950年該校研究生院研究生畢業(yè)。北京師范大學(xué)教授、低能核物理研究所所長、名譽所長。主要從事核理論、種子理論、反應(yīng)堆理論、輸運理論及非線性動力學(xué)等方面的研究，是中國核武器理論研究和設(shè)計的主要學(xué)術(shù)帶頭人之一。積極參加和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)了中國原子彈和氫彈的理論研究，對中國核武器的研制成功、設(shè)計定型及其他一系列科學(xué)試驗研究作出了重要貢獻。對中國第一個重水反應(yīng)堆做了理論計算并糾正了蘇聯(lián)專家設(shè)計的臨界大小數(shù)據(jù)。近年來在氫分子激發(fā)態(tài)的相互作用及浸潤相變理論等方面進行了研究工作。

1980年當選為中國科學(xué)院院士（學(xué)部委員）。

Theoretical physicist. Born in Changsha, Hunan Province.Graduated from Tsinghua University in 1948 and competed graduate study in the University in 1950. Professor, director and honorary director, Institute of Low Energy Nuclear Physics, Beijing Normal University.

Huang has been mainly engaged in the study in the fields of nuclear physics, neutron physics, reactor physics, transport theory and nonlinear dynamics. He is respected as one of the major foregoers in these disciplines. He actively participated in and guided the scientific study about atomic and hydrogen bombs in China and made important contributions to the successful development and design finalization of Chinese nuclear weapons and other scientific experimental studies. He carried out theoretical calculations for China’s first heavy water reactor and rectified the errors in the critical size provided by Soviet experts.In recent years, he carried out various research on the interactive effect of hydrogen molecules in excited state and theory of wetting transitions.

章綜

1929.05. 16～

物理學(xué)家。江蘇宜興人。1952年畢業(yè)于南京大學(xué)。中國科學(xué)院物理研究所研究員。50年代解決了鋁、銅、鎳三元合金系中τ相晶體結(jié)構(gòu)的疑難問題，首次發(fā)現(xiàn)單相區(qū)內(nèi)晶體結(jié)構(gòu)可按一定規(guī)律變化，從而修正了“一個單相只能有一種晶體結(jié)構(gòu)”的傳統(tǒng)觀念。60年代在軟磁鐵氧體多晶和單晶的多項研究中獲創(chuàng)見性成果。70至80年代在特殊用途小型接受天線研制、科技管理工作和擔任中子散射譜儀國際合作項目中方負責人方面作出重要貢獻。

1980年當選為中國科學(xué)院院士（學(xué)部委員）。

Physicist. Born in Yixing, Jiangsu Province. Graduated from Nanjing University in 1952. Research professor, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

In the 1950s, Zhang solved the knotty problems associating the τ-phase crystal structure of Al-Cu-Ni alloys by disclosing for the first time that in the single-phase field,crystal structure may vary regularly, and therefore modified the conventional conception that there is only one structure in a single-phase field. In the 1960s, he made some original results in various research projects aiming in soft ferromagnetic polyand mono-crystals. In the 1970s and 80s, he made important contributions to the development of small-scale receiving antenna for special use and the scientific management of the international cooperative project of neutron scattering spectrometers as the leading scientist representing China.

He was elected Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1980.