What Dose Tess’s Tragedy Reflect

摘 要：正如我們所知，關(guān)于苔絲悲劇的評論大部分都是圍繞著悲劇產(chǎn)生的根源來描述的，而托馬斯·哈代在文章的首頁也強(qiáng)調(diào)了自己的觀點(diǎn)：苔絲，一個純潔的女人。當(dāng)然還有很多其他的觀點(diǎn)。“一千個人看哈姆雷特，就有一千個哈姆雷特?！彼?，苔絲的悲劇讓我思考：愛情需要什么？主觀上，自我的選擇和重要，但更重要的是主觀以外的客觀條件。比如：周圍的人的態(tài)度和所在時代公認(rèn)的社會準(zhǔn)則。

關(guān)鍵詞：悲??；愛情；時代

[中圖分類號]：I106 [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼]：A

[文章編號]：1002-2139(2012)-01-0010-01

ChapteOne The Subjective Condition

1.1 Appearaance

I think no person will say tess is not a beauty after reading hardy’s work.we can get the conclusion from the description in book.At the beginning of the story， hardy describes tess as a fine， gorgeous girl; when tess meet alec，hardy describes tess like this:she looks more adult and womanly than she really is.She is the prettiest woman in the village.Similarly，tess seems like a queen to angel，he knows sheh is the most beautiful woman.But tess has to hide her beauty，and even led to a tragedy at last.So we can see the appearance is not most important in love.

1.2 Choice

Tess is a beautiful，loyal young girl.Unfortunately， her ideal can not prevent her from sliding into misfortune after she becomes pregnant by alec.

Perhaps，someones will say tess is strong，and brave，becayse she refuses to marry alec despite the advantage that marrying him would give her，and refuses his offers of help because she does not love him.But，we can see she is weak form another piont of view.When tess faced with a difficule decision every time，the choice she selects makes her situation much worse.

ChapteTwo The Objective Condition

2.1 Lovers

2.1.1 Angel Clare

I think angel clare is the greatest manufacturer of tess’s tragedy.He is worse than alec. If we say alec does harm to tess in physicaly，he tries him best to making it up to tess at last. But angel as the favorite lover of tess abandons her because tess was not vitgin.We all know that mental hurt is stronger than physical hurt to destroy the will of the people.

In life，mr.rjght always comes hardyly at the right time.Nature does not often answer a call for love，until the callers is tired of calling.

2.1.2 Alec d’urberville

He is he handsome， amoral son of a wealthy merchant named simon stokes.In general， most of the people consider that alec is manipulative，a young man who does everything he can to seduce the inexperienced girl who comes to work for his family.

In my opinion，alec d’ urberville is the man who loves tess， he loves tess in his own way. He does not know his behaviors will hurt her.Why he loves her in such a manneris based on his class and moral values prevailing at that time.

2.2 Parents

2.2.1 Mrs.durbeyfield

As tess’s mother，she has a strong sense of propriety and very particular hopes for tess’s life. She has to do many housework while has to look after so many children everyday，and all of this have aged joan durbeyfield.Butshe is somewhat simpleminded and naturally forgiving.When she has knows they wew the olders family in the whole country，she think that their noble relations would be arriving in their carriages as soon as they find out and their noble relationgs are going to help tess marry a gentleman.

2.2.2 Mr.durbeyfield

He is tess’s father， a lazy peddle in marlott.Joan hates work. He has never worked hard or regularly， and only occasionally feels like working.So without“prince” to carry loads， their lives becomes rather difficult.He does not let tess asking for help at first not because he loves his child just he thinks he is the head if this oldest branch of the family.

2.3 Other People

2.3.1 Mrs.durbervilles

First of all，we should talk about a person named Mrs.durbervilles.she is alec’s mother， and the widow of simon stokes. Mrs.durbervilles is blind and often ill.She cares deeply for her animals，but not for others.In fact，she never sees tess as anything more than an impoverished girl.

Chapter Three Socia Principles

Tess is highbore and honorable，and her momentary submission to alec brings her a far greater suffering than she deserves.Tess’s execution feels more significant than a mere death—it feels like a great and noble sacrifice to some higher power’s will.But in her case， the higher power is not the gods，but Victorian social forces.It is the Victorian cult of aristocratic lineage that drives tess to seek the patronage of Mrs.durbervilles and meet her sedurer alec.It is the unfair class system that allows a rich nobleman to impregnate and abandon a lower-class girl without comsequences.

Conclusion

From opinion，the love involves not only the two people，but also many object conditions.Such as，the attitude of the people surrounding you and the social rules accepted by public.At the same time，we should understand that true love means to make him or her happy， rather than restrict the loved one with so–called “l(fā)ove”.

Notes:

【1】prince: 苔絲家的一匹馬，唯一的經(jīng)濟(jì)來源。

【2】May Day:五朔節(jié)，英國風(fēng)俗，五月一號是五朔節(jié)，青年男女奏樂吹號，采取樹枝，野花用以裝飾門窗。在草地上樹立五朔柱，圍柱跳舞。