Module 9 Unit 1~2 單元點(diǎn)撥

Unit 1

1. Canada is one of the largest countries in the world， second only to Russia...(L1， P2) 加拿大是世界上最大的國(guó)家之一，僅次于俄國(guó)……。

【點(diǎn)撥】 second only to 僅次于……，second to none 最好的

In terms of scoring goals， he was second only to Yao Ming during the match. 這場(chǎng)比賽中，他得分僅次于姚明。

We will provide a service second to none. 我們將提供最為優(yōu)質(zhì)的服務(wù)。

【拓展】 短語(yǔ)中介詞to有比較的意思。類似的短語(yǔ)有：

be junior to比……年輕，比……資格淺

be senior to 比……年長(zhǎng)，比……資格老

be superior to比……優(yōu)越， 勝過(guò)……

be inferior to比……差，不如……

2. For those who love outdoor activities， it is possible to hike， sail， crosscountry ski or travel by snowmobile for hours — or even days — without meeting another person. (L11， P2) 對(duì)于熱愛(ài)戶外運(yùn)動(dòng)的人來(lái)說(shuō)，在遠(yuǎn)足、帆船運(yùn)動(dòng)， 越野滑雪或雪車旅行中， 他們可能好幾個(gè)小時(shí)甚至好幾天都碰不到一個(gè)人。

【點(diǎn)撥】 possible 表示（做某件事是）可能的，不能用某人或某物做主語(yǔ)。掌握這樣兩個(gè)句型：

It is possible / probable / likely (for sb.) to do sth.

sb. / sth. is likely to do sth. / It is likely that...

如：她可能解決那個(gè)問(wèn)題。

［×］ She is possible to solve the problem.

［√］ It is possible for her to solve the problem.

［√］ She is likely to solve the problem.

【高考真題回放】

Studies show that people are more______to suffer from back problems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours. (2010陜西卷)

A. likelyB. possible

C. probable D. sure

【答案】 A

【拓展】 類似于possible不可以用人做主語(yǔ)的形容詞還有：impossible， difficult， easy， convenient 等。

3. Toronto， the largest city in Canada， is often said to be the most multicultural city in the world.(L19， P2) 多倫多，加拿大最大的城市，據(jù)說(shuō)是世界上擁有最多多元文化的城市。

【點(diǎn)撥】 此句相當(dāng)于：It is said that Toronto， the largest city in Canada， is the most multicultural city in the world. 如：

Einstein was said to be a rather slow learner in his boyhood. 傳說(shuō)愛(ài)因斯坦小時(shí)候?qū)W得相當(dāng)慢。

【拓展】 相關(guān)的句型有：

be said to be ... 據(jù)說(shuō)是……

be said to be doing sth. 據(jù)說(shuō)正在做……

be said to have done sth. 據(jù)說(shuō)已經(jīng)做了……如：

(1) His son is said to be studying abroad. 據(jù)說(shuō)他兒子正在國(guó)外讀書(shū)。

(2) The book is said to have been translated into several languages. 據(jù)說(shuō)這本書(shū)已經(jīng)被翻譯成好幾種語(yǔ)言。

【高考真題回放】

Harrison Ford is thought to be one of the few movie stars______as a carpenter before. （2011上海春招）

A. to work

B. to be working

C. to have worked

D. to have been working

【答案】 C

4. Located in the heart of Toronte is the Canadian National Tower， which is called the CN Tower for short. (L22， P2) 加拿大國(guó)家電視塔坐落于多倫多市中心，通常簡(jiǎn)稱CN塔。

【點(diǎn)撥】 這是一個(gè)倒裝句。為了句子平衡，英語(yǔ)句子經(jīng)常把ed形式，ing形式，形容詞，介詞短語(yǔ)等放置在句首，并且將謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞提到主語(yǔ)前面。這樣的形式叫全倒裝。如：

(1) Present at the meeting are scientists from all over the world.

出席會(huì)議的有世界各地的著名科學(xué)家。

(2) Gone are the days when women were looked down upon.

婦女被人看不起的那些日子一去不復(fù)返了。

【高考真題回放】

(1) At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River______， one of the ten largest cities in China. (2012重慶卷)

A. lies Chongqing B. Chongqing lies

C. does lie Chongqing D. does Chongqing lie

(2) Ideally______for Broadway theatre and Fifth Avenue， the New York Park hotel is a favourite with many guests. (2008年上海卷)

A. locating B. being located

C. having been located D. located

【答案】 (1) A (2) D

5. With most of its population living near the coast， swimming and surfing are popular activities for many families at weekend. (L19，P14) 由于大部分人口都住在沿海地區(qū)，游泳和沖浪是許多家庭周末最喜歡的運(yùn)動(dòng)。

【點(diǎn)撥】 With most of its population living near the coast 是一個(gè)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)在句中做原因狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于Because most of its population live near the coast，...

獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成：with + 名詞/代詞+形容詞/副詞/介詞短語(yǔ)/非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。 如：

(1) He lay on the floor， (with) his eyes closed. 他躺在地上，眼睛閉著。

(2) Weather permitting， we shall play the match tomorrow. 明天如果天氣好，我們就進(jìn)行比賽。

(3) With so many essays to write， he won't have time to go shopping this morning. 有那么多文章要寫(xiě)，他今天上午沒(méi)有時(shí)間去購(gòu)物。

【高考真題回放】

(1) The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog______them. (2012遼寧卷)

A. to follow B. following

C. followed D. follows

(2) The party will be held in the garden， weather______. (2012全國(guó)新課程)

A. permittingB. to permit

C. permittedD. permit

(3) Bats are surprisingly longlived creatures， some______a life span of around 20 years. (2011浙江卷)

A.having B． had

C. haveD. to have

【答案】 (1) B (2) A (3) A

6. For lovers of this sport， though， it is an art form. (L42， P15) 但對(duì)于熱愛(ài)這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的人而言，它是一種藝術(shù)。

【點(diǎn)撥】 though此處用作副詞，前后都用逗號(hào)與主句隔開(kāi)，意為“然而、不過(guò)”，相當(dāng)于however。如：

He said he would come to the party， he didn't， though. 他說(shuō)他會(huì)來(lái)參加晚會(huì)的，然而沒(méi)來(lái)。

【拓展】 though還可以用作連詞引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“盡管”。如：

Although / Though he is in poor health， (yet) he works very hard. 盡管他身體不好，然而他工作很努力。

【高考真題回放】

(1) It was a nice meal，______a little expensive. (2011全國(guó)卷II）

A. though B. whether

C. asD. since

(2) Playing on a frozen sports field sounds like a lot of fun. Isn't it rather risky， ______? (2010浙江卷).

A. though B. also

C. eitherD. too

(3) I don't believe we've met before，______I must say you do look familiar. (2012全國(guó)新課程卷)

A. thereforeB. although

C. sinceD. unless

【答案】 (1) A (2) A (3) B

7. The only active participants are the horses and the people who ride them， while everyone else watches. (L44， P15) 只有馬和騎手積極參與，而其他所有人都在觀看。

【點(diǎn)撥】 在這個(gè)句子當(dāng)中，while用作并列連詞，連接兩個(gè)并列句，表示“然而”，前后形成鮮明的對(duì)比，對(duì)照。

【拓展】 除此之外，while還有以下兩種用法：

1) 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”，“在……期間”。

He took a bath while I was preparing dinner. 我準(zhǔn)備晚餐的時(shí)候他在洗澡。

2) 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“盡管，雖然”，相當(dāng)于though。

While I understand your viewpoint， I don't agree with you.

雖然我了解你的觀點(diǎn)，我還是不能同意你的。

【高考真題回放】

(1)______volleyball is her main focus， she's also great at basketball. (2011北京卷)

A. Since B. Once

C. Unless D. While

(2)______all of them are strong candidates， only one will be chosen for the post. (2011陜西卷)

A. Since B. While

C. If D. As

(3) Mary made coffee______her guests were finishing their meal. (2010全國(guó)卷I).

A. so thatB． although

C. whileD. as if

(4)______I always felt I would pass the exam， I never thought I would get an A.（2012湖南卷）

A. While B. Once

C. If D. Until

【答案】 (1) D (2) B (3) C (4) A

8. 本單元中的一些重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)：

be second only to... 僅次于……

be located in 坐落于……

for short 簡(jiǎn)稱

be short for是……的縮寫(xiě)

be home to 為……的所在地

a handful of 少數(shù)， 一把

go with 與……相配

cater to 迎合，滿足

owing to由于

be bound to do sth. 必定做……

put aside將……拋在一旁

have a preference for 偏愛(ài)

fill out填寫(xiě)

be equipped with 配備有……

be worthy of... 值得……

be content with sth. / to do sth. 對(duì)……滿足 / 滿意

distinguish A from B / distinguish between A and B 把A和B區(qū)分開(kāi)來(lái)

Unit 2

1. No one has had a greater impact on Western civilization than the ancient Greeks. (L1，P18) 沒(méi)有任何人對(duì)西方文明的影響比希臘人更大。

【點(diǎn)撥】 形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)與否定式連用表示最高級(jí)的含義。如：

I have never seen a prettier sight. 我從來(lái)沒(méi)看到比這更美的風(fēng)景。

—What do you think of the plan? ——你覺(jué)得這個(gè)計(jì)劃怎么樣?

—I can't agree more. It's quite practical. ——我非常同意。這個(gè)計(jì)劃很實(shí)用。

【拓展】 此句可以用3種方式來(lái)表達(dá):

(1) The ancient Greeks had the greatest impact on the Western civilization in the world.

(2) The ancient Greeks had greater impact on the Western civilization than anyone else in the world. (than any other in the world.)

(3) No one has had a greater impact on Western civilization than the accient Greeks.

【高考真題回放】

—You have to believe in yourself. No one else will， if you don't.

—______ . Confidence is really important.（2012天津卷）

A. It's not my cup of tea

B. That's not the point

C. I don't think so

D. I couldn't agree more

【答案】 D

2. The Western or Roman alphabet is a Greek invention， as is the marathon， ... (L7， P18) 西方字母表或羅馬字母表是希臘人的發(fā)明，馬拉松也是。

【點(diǎn)撥】 as代表前面所述的某種情況或某一事實(shí)也適合另外一個(gè)人或物，意為“如……一樣”。常用as+助動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)。如：

She plays the piano well， as does her mother. 她和母親一樣鋼琴?gòu)椀煤谩?/p>

The film is so boring， as is its music. 這部電影很乏味，其音樂(lè)也是如此。

【拓展】

(1) 如果在否定句中表示前面所述的某種情況或某一事實(shí)也適合另外一個(gè)人或物則用：neither / nor +助動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)。如：

If you won't take any summer courses， nor do I. 如果你不參加任何暑假培訓(xùn)課程，我也不參加。

(2) 如果是比較復(fù)雜的句子，用So it is with sb. 或者 It is the same with sb.

He works day and night and never complains about working conditions. So it is with his other parterners. 他起早貪黑地工作而且從不埋怨工作環(huán)境，他的其他合作伙伴也是如此。

(3) 如果對(duì)前面所述的某種情況或某一事實(shí)加以肯定，用：so+主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。

—Last Sunday Fred went to Ann's birthday party. ——上星期天弗瑞德參加了安妮的生日晚會(huì)。

—So he did. And so did I. ——是的，他確實(shí)去了，我也去了。

【高考真題回放】

(1) —I don't know about you， but I'm sick and tired of this weather.

— _______. I can't stand all this rain. （2012山東卷）

A. I dont care B. Its hard to say

C. So am I D. I hope not

(2) The headmaster will not permit the change in the course， nor______it a thought. (2012重慶卷)

A. does he even given B. he even gives

C. will he even giveD. he will even given

【答案】 (1) C (2) C

3. The Acropolis was constructed in the 5th century BC at a high altitude above the city in honour of Athena， the Goddess of Athens. (L20， P18) 衛(wèi)城于公元前5世紀(jì)建在一個(gè)海拔高于雅典城的地方，為的是紀(jì)念雅典娜。

【點(diǎn)撥】 the Goddess of Athens是同位語(yǔ)，對(duì)其所修飾的名詞Athena做進(jìn)一步的解釋說(shuō)明。

如：The buildings of the Acropolis were made of marble， a very smooth， strong stone. 衛(wèi)城的建筑是用非常光滑堅(jiān)硬的大理石建成的。

【拓展】 作同位語(yǔ)的名詞或者代詞可以用形容詞、分詞短語(yǔ)或者定語(yǔ)從句來(lái)修飾。如：

(1) My most famous relative of all， the one who really left his mark on America， was Bob， my great grandfather. 我所有的親戚中那個(gè)真正在美國(guó)留下自己印記的人是鮑勃，我的曾祖父。

(2) Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment， one worthy to be treasured. 這么多年后見(jiàn)到我的叔叔是一個(gè)難忘的時(shí)刻，一個(gè)值得珍惜的時(shí)刻。

【高考真題回放】

Helping others is a habit，______you can learn even at an early age. (2010山東卷)

A. it B. that

C. whatD. one

【答案】 D

4. Later， they used the Parthenon as a warehouse to store their supply of gunpowder. (L53， P18) ... 將帕臺(tái)農(nóng)神廟作為儲(chǔ)存軍火的倉(cāng)庫(kù)。

【點(diǎn)撥】 短語(yǔ)use...as...“把……用作……”。

as 表示“作為”的意思。如：

He has worked as a diplomat in the US， Sudan and Saudi Arabia...

他曾任駐美國(guó)、蘇丹和沙特阿拉伯的外交官。

【拓展】 常見(jiàn)含as (意為“作為”) 的短語(yǔ)有：

act as作為……用；work as以……身份工作；serve as 用作……；look up to...as把……尊為……；regard...as / consider...as / think of... as認(rèn)為……是……；treat sb. as把某人當(dāng)作……

【高考真題回放】

Let's learn to use the problem we are facing______a steppingstone to future success. (2008全國(guó)卷I)

A. to B. for

C. as D. by

【答案】 C

5. The Scared Way， which is sometimes called the Avenue of Animals， leads to the thirteen tombs and is in good condition. (L13， P30) 通向陵寢的神道有時(shí)被稱為石像神道，保存良好。

【點(diǎn)撥】 lead to 文中意為“通向”，(結(jié)果) 導(dǎo)致……如：

All rivers lead to the sea. 條條江河歸大海。

Hiding your anger can only lead to unhappiness. 把氣憋在肚子里只能導(dǎo)致不幸。

【拓展】 導(dǎo)致某人做某事，用:lead to sb. / one's doing sth.或者lead sb. to do sth.

His anger with the teacher led him to shout loudly in class.

His anger with the teacher led to his shouting loudly in class. 他對(duì)老師的怨氣導(dǎo)致他在教室里大叫大嚷。

【高考真題回放】

(1) Look over there—there's a very long， winding path______up to the house. (2011山東卷)

A. leading B. leads

C. ledD. to lead

(2) The news shocked the public，______to great concern about students safety at school. (2010重慶卷)

A. having ledB. led

C. leading D. to lead

【答案】 （1）A (2) C

6. Adding to the impressiveness and beauty of Changling is the Lingen Palace， which is located in the second courtyard. (L24， P30)位于長(zhǎng)陵的第二個(gè)院落里的陵恩殿為長(zhǎng)陵增添了宏偉與壯麗。

【點(diǎn)撥】 短語(yǔ)add to意為“增加，增添”；“使……規(guī)模擴(kuò)大。如：

That will only add to our difficulties. 那只會(huì)增加我們的困難。

Since then， the Great Wall has been added to， rebuilt and repaired， especially during the Ming Dynasty. 從那以后特別在明朝，長(zhǎng)城得到了不斷的擴(kuò)建、重建及維修。

【拓展】 與add有關(guān)的常用短語(yǔ)還有：

add...to... 意為“把……加到……上”

add up to 意為“加起來(lái)總數(shù)為……”

【高考真題回放】

There have been several new events______to the program for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. (2006北京卷)

A. addB. to add

C. addingD. added

【答案】 D

7. ...as it sends the message to everyone that these sites are extremely important and precious. (L53， P31) ……因?yàn)樗虼蠹姨峁┝诉@樣的信息，即這些遺址非常重要和珍貴。

【點(diǎn)撥】 同位語(yǔ)從句如果意義完整，應(yīng)用that引導(dǎo)，that在句中不作成分。如：

The thought that he might fail in the exam worried him very much. 或許是考試會(huì)不及格的想法讓他非常擔(dān)憂。

The general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river at once.將軍下達(dá)了戰(zhàn)士們必須立即過(guò)河的命令。

【拓展】 引導(dǎo)詞是that的同位語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別：同位語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句相似，都放在某一名詞或代詞后面。同位語(yǔ)從句對(duì)名詞加以補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，是名詞全部?jī)?nèi)容的體現(xiàn)，引導(dǎo)詞不在從句中擔(dān)任成分；定語(yǔ)從句對(duì)名詞加以限制，是名詞內(nèi)容的修飾性定語(yǔ)，其引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)等成分。如：

Information has been put forward that more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.已經(jīng)傳出信息，更多的中學(xué)畢業(yè)生將來(lái)會(huì)被大學(xué)錄取。（同位語(yǔ)從句，從句是陳述語(yǔ)氣，只能用that引導(dǎo)，that在從句中不做任何成分）

It is said that more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities， and this is the information that / which has been put forward.據(jù)說(shuō)更多的中學(xué)畢業(yè)生將來(lái)被大學(xué)錄取，這是已經(jīng)傳出的信息。 （定語(yǔ)從句，關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，可以用that或者which引導(dǎo)。

【高考真題回放】

(1) The notice came around two in the afternoon______the meeting would be postponed. (2012江蘇卷)

A. when B. that

C. whether D. how

(2) Evidence has been found through years of study______children's early sleeping problem likely to continue when they grow up.（2012 重慶卷）

A. why B. how

C. whether D. that

(3) I made a promise to myself______this year， my first year in high school， would be different.（2012浙江卷）

A. whether B. what

C. thatD. how

【答案】 (1) B (2) D (3) C

（作者：吳蝶，海安縣實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)）