李祥蘇 熊光蘇 吳叔明
·論著·
Jagged1基因沉默對人胰腺癌細胞SW1990和PANC1血管相關因子分泌及遷移能力的影響
李祥蘇 熊光蘇 吳叔明
目的以RNA干擾技術靶向沉默人胰腺癌細胞株Jagged1基因,觀察細胞VEGF、Angiopoietin2、bFGF、MMP9的分泌及細胞遷移能力的變化。方法應用靶向Jagged1的siRNA、對照siRNA(c-siRNA)轉染人胰腺癌細胞株SW1990和PANC1,實時PCR法和蛋白質印跡法檢測細胞Jagged1 mRNA 和蛋白的表達, ELISA法檢測細胞培養(yǎng)上清中VEGF、angiopoietin2、bFGF、MMP9的分泌量,Transwell小室觀察細胞的遷移能力。結果SW1990和PANC1細胞均高表達Jagged1基因。15 nmol/L Jagged1 siRNA轉染胰腺癌細胞72 h后,SW1990、PANC1細胞的Jagged1 mRNA表達被抑制,分別為c-siRNA組的(59.62±2.75)%和(76.96±6.16)%,Jagged1蛋白表達幾乎完全被抑制。SW1990、PANC1細胞的VEGF分泌量均較c-siRNA組顯著減少[(867.93±58.69)pg/ml比(1516.24±37.58)pg/ml,(951.13±120.49)pg/ml比(1413.68±33.56)pg/ml,P<0.05],但angiopoietin2、bFGF、MMP9蛋白分泌無明顯變化。另外,Jagged1 siRNA轉染后,SW1990細胞VEGF mRNA表達水平為c-siRNA組的(52.26±4.85)%(P<0.05);PANC1細胞為c-siRNA組的(59.75±4.91)%(P<0.05)。轉染后的SW1990和PANC1細胞的穿膜細胞數(shù)分別為(65.25±5.56)、(57.50±8.58)個,較c-siRNA組的(122.25±11.09)、(112.00±12.52)個顯著減少(P<0.05)。結論人胰腺癌細胞高表達Jagged1,沉默Jagged1基因可明顯抑制人胰腺癌細胞VEGF的產生和分泌,并且可降低癌細胞的體外遷移能力。
胰腺腫瘤; Jagged1; 血管生成誘導劑; 血管內皮生長因子; RNA干擾
Jagged1是哺乳動物細胞膜上Notch受體的主要配體之一,除了能與Notch1結合,還可與Notch2及Notch3結合。Jagged1與相鄰細胞表面的Notch胞外域結合,引起Notch胞內域的釋放,然后轉移到胞核與轉錄因子結合從而調控靶基因的表達。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),Jagged1在乳腺癌、前列腺癌、肝癌、骨肉瘤等腫瘤中表達增加,并與腫瘤的浸潤轉移、復發(fā)及腫瘤分化程度相關[1-4]。另外,Jagged1還是血管生長的調控因子,與血管的形成有密切關系。本實驗觀察Jagged1在人胰腺癌細胞株SW1990和PANC1中的表達及沉默Jagged1基因對癌細胞分泌血管相關因子及細胞遷移能力的影響。
一、細胞培養(yǎng)及分組
人胰腺癌細胞株SW1990和PANC1由上海市消化疾病研究所實驗室保存,常規(guī)培養(yǎng)、傳代。細胞以1×106個/孔密度接種于6孔板,加入不含抗生素的DMEM高糖培養(yǎng)基,待細胞密度達30%~50%時,分為對照siRNA(c-siRNA)組和Jagged1 siRNA(si-Jagged1)組。根據(jù)QIAGEN公司的siRNA設計原則設計靶向Jagged1基因的siRNA序列:靶序列為CAGAGTAATCTTGTTGGTTCA;正義鏈為5′-GAG-UAAUCUUGUUGGUUCATT-3′;反義鏈為5′-UGAACC-AACAAGAUUACUCTG-3′,由QIAGEN公司合成。c-siRNA為亂碼siRNA。參照HiPerFect Transfection Reagent(QIAGEN公司)說明書將15 nmol/L的c-siRNA、si-Jagged1分別轉染兩組細胞繼續(xù)培養(yǎng)72 h。
二、方法
1.實時PCR法:收集相應細胞,Trizol試劑抽提總RNA,紫外分光光度計檢測RNA純度及含量。參照實時PCR試劑盒(TaKaRa公司)說明書進行操作,引物序列[5-7]見表1,由上海生工生物工程有限公司合成。實時PCR反應條件:95℃ 30 s,95℃ 5 s、60℃ 31 s, 40次循環(huán)。以SDS2.3軟件分析Ct值,以2-△△ct公式計算mRNA表達量。
表1 PCR引物序列表
2.蛋白質印跡法:收集細胞,RIPA裂解液冰上裂解30 min,提取細胞總蛋白,BCA法測蛋白質濃度。常規(guī)行蛋白質印跡法檢測Jagged1蛋白表達,以β-actin作為內參。兔抗人Jagged1單抗(Cell Signaling Technology公司)1∶1000稀釋,HRP標記的羊抗兔二抗1∶5000稀釋,化學發(fā)光法自顯影。
3.酶聯(lián)免疫吸附法(ELISA):收集細胞培養(yǎng)上清,4℃ 800 g離心5 min,上清液-80℃保存。應用ELISA法檢測培養(yǎng)上清中血管內皮生長因子(VEGF)、血管生成素-2(angiopoietin 2)、堿性成纖維細胞生長因子(bFGF)、基質金屬蛋白酶9(MMP9)含量,按ELISA試劑盒(R&D公司)說明書操作。
4.細胞遷移實驗:收集細胞,用無血清DMEM培養(yǎng)基重懸,加入Transwell小室(Millipore公司)的上室,每室200 μl(1×105個細胞),下室內加入600 μl含20%FBS的培養(yǎng)基,常規(guī)培養(yǎng)12 h后,去除濾膜未穿膜細胞,用4%多聚甲醛固定,0.1%結晶紫室溫染色30 min,高倍鏡下計數(shù)穿膜細胞數(shù)。
三、統(tǒng)計學分析
一、細胞Notch受體、配體及靶基因mRNA表達
SW1990和PANC1細胞Notch受體(Notch1、Notch2、Notch3、Notch4)、配體(Jagged1、Jagged2)及靶基因Hes1 mRNA表達量見圖1,均以Jagged1及Notch2的表達最高。
SW1990細胞的c-siRNA組、si-Jagged1組細胞Jagged1 mRNA相對表達量分別為1.13±0.06、0.40±0.03,Jagged1 mRNA表達抑制率為(59.62±2.75)%;PANC1細胞的c-siRNA組、si-Jagged1組的Jagged1 mRNA相對表達量分別為1.14±0.09、0.23±0.06,抑制率達(76.96±6.16)%。兩株細胞的Jagged1蛋白表達幾乎完全被抑制(圖2)。
圖1SW1990及PANC1細胞Notch信號通路相關基因mRNA的表達
圖2SW1990及PANC1細胞的Jagged1蛋白表達
二、細胞血管相關因子的分泌量
Jagged1 siRNA轉染后72 h,SW1990和PANC1細胞VEGF mRNA表達量分別為c-siRNA組的(52.26±4.85)%和(59.75±4.91)%(P<0.05);VEGF分泌量也均顯著減少(P<0.05),而angiopoietin2、bFGF、MMP9的分泌量無明顯變化(表2)。
三、細胞遷移能力的變化
SW1990和PANC1細胞的si-Jagged1組穿膜細胞數(shù)分別為(65.25±5.56)、(57.50±8.58)個,較c-siRNA組的(122.25±11.09)、(112.00±12.52)個明顯減少(P<0.05,圖3)。
表2 兩株胰腺癌細胞血管相關因子的分泌量
注:與c-siRNA組比較,aP<0.05
圖3SW1990細胞的c-siRNA組(a)、si-Jagged1組(b)和PANC1細胞的c-siRNA組(c)、si-Jagged1組(d)的穿膜細胞( ×400)
人Jagged1基因定位于染色體20p12,全長36 000 bp,開放閱讀框編碼3657個氨基酸。Jagged1屬于DSL(Delta、Serrate、Lag-2)蛋白家族,在包括胰腺癌的多種腫瘤組織中高表達。本結果也顯示胰腺癌PANC1和SW1990細胞均高表達Jagged1基因。
Jagged1是近年來新發(fā)現(xiàn)的血管調控因子,敲除Jagged1基因的小鼠于胚胎10.5 d死亡,表現(xiàn)為血管發(fā)育異常和廣泛出血,血管重塑嚴重缺陷[8]。Zeng等[9]報道,Notch1、Jagged1及VEGF蛋白兩兩間呈正相關,Notch1和Jagged1表達增強可促進癌細胞VEGF的表達。有研究顯示[10],Jagged1可通過影響NF-κB p65 DNA結合活性來影響其靶基因,如VEGF(VEGF121、VEGF165及VEGF189)、MMP9及uPA(尿激酶型纖溶酶原激活物)等的表達。本結果顯示, Jagged1 siRNA轉染胰腺癌細胞后可明顯抑制VEGF的產生,但對angiopoietin2、bFGF、MMP9的表達無影響。提示Jagged1通過影響VEGF的產生和分泌進而參與血管形成的過程。但本結果與上述結果不同,對其他基因表達無影響,可能與Jagged1在不同腫瘤中的作用機制不完全相同有關。
另外,本結果還顯示,Jagged1表達被抑制后人胰腺癌細胞的體外遷移能力明顯減弱,與Büchler等[11]報道的Jagged1蛋白可增強胰腺癌細胞的體外侵襲能力的結果一致。臨床試驗也發(fā)現(xiàn),Jagged1 mRNA和蛋白水平均高表達的乳腺癌患者預后差,與其侵襲性增加有關[1]。
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2010-11-09)
(本文編輯:屠振興)
EffectsofJagged1genesilencingonsecretionofvascular-relatedfactorsandcellmigrationinhumanpancreaticcancercellsSW1990andPANC1
LIXiang-su,XIONGGuang-su,WUShu-ming.
DepartmentofGastroenterology,RenjiHospital,SchoolofMedicine,ShanghaiJiaotongUniversity,ShanghaiInstituteofDigestiveDisease,Shanghai200001,China
WUShu-ming,Email:wushuming@vip.sina.com
ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of Jagged1 gene silencing on the expression of VEGF, angiopoietin 2, bFGF, MMP 9, and the migration of human pancreatic cancer cells SW1990 and PANC1.MethodsJagged1 siRNA and control siRNA were transfected into human pancreatic cancer cells SW1990 and PANC1 respectively. The expressions of Jagged1 mRNA and protein were detected by real-time PCR and Western blotting. ELISA was used to detect the concentration of VEGF, angiopoietin 2, bFGF, MMP9 in cell supernatants. Transwell was used to detect the migration of SW1990 and PANC1 cells.ResultsJagged1 mRNA and protein were highly expressed in human pancreatic cancer cells SW1990 and PANC1. After transfected with 15 nmol/L Jagged1 siRNA for 72 h, the expression of Jagged1 mRNA in SWl990 was inhibited and reduced by (59.62±2.75)% and in PANC1 reduced by (76.96±6.16)% when compared with that in control siRNA group. The Jagged1 protein expression was almost inhibited. The concentration of VEGF in the culture supernatants of SWl990 and PANC1 cells was significantly decreased [(867.93±58.69)pg/mlvs. (1516.24±37.58)pg/ml, 951.13±120.49)pg/mlvs. (1413.68±33.56)pg/ml,P<0.05], but the protein concentration of angiopoietin 2, bFGF, MMP9 were not significantly changed. In addition, after transfected with Jagged1 siRNA, tne expression of VEGF mRNA was (52.26±4.85)% of the control levels in SW1990 (P<0.05), and (59.75±4.91)% of the control levels(P<0.05) in PANC1. The number of cell migration of transfected SW1990 and PANC1 was 65.25±5.56 and 57.50±8.58, which were significantly lower than those in the control siRNA group (122.25±11.09, 112.00±12.52,P<0.05).ConclusionsJagged1 is highly expressed in human pancreatic cancer cells. Jagged1 gene silencing significantly inhibits the production and secretion of VEGF in SW1990 and PANC1 cells, and reduces the migration of cancer cells in vitro.
Pancreatic neoplasms; Jagged1; Angiogenesis inducing agents; Vascular endothelial growth factor; RNA interference
10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-1935.2011.05.005
200001 上海,上海交通大學醫(yī)學院附屬仁濟醫(yī)院消化科,上海市消化疾病研究所
吳叔明,Email:wushuming@vip.sina.com