中國艾蛛屬2新種(蜘蛛目:園蛛科)

張曉曉,張鋒,朱明生

(河北大學(xué)生命科學(xué)學(xué)院,河北保定 071002)

中國艾蛛屬2新種(蜘蛛目:園蛛科)

張曉曉,張鋒,朱明生

(河北大學(xué)生命科學(xué)學(xué)院,河北保定 071002)

記述采自寧夏六盤山自然保護區(qū)的艾蛛屬2新種,命名為臥羊川艾蛛Cyclosawoyangchuansp.nov.和雙鉤艾蛛Cyclosabihamatasp.nov..

蜘蛛目;園蛛科;艾蛛屬;新種;寧夏;中國

園蛛科蜘蛛物種多樣性豐富,是蜘蛛目的第3大科,全世界已記述170屬2 999種[1],中國已知43屬339種[2-3].艾蛛屬Cyclosa由Menge于1866年建立[4],世界性分布,全球共記錄173種,中國已記錄37種[5-6].

筆者在鑒定寧夏六盤山自然保護區(qū)標(biāo)本中,發(fā)現(xiàn)園蛛科艾蛛屬Cyclosa2新種,分別定名為:臥羊川艾蛛Cyclosawoyangchuansp.nov.和雙鉤艾蛛Cyclosabihamatasp.nov..現(xiàn)將新種的特征加以描述和圖示.

文中所有測量單位為mm.標(biāo)本保存在河北大學(xué)博物館.

臥羊川艾蛛,新種Cyclosa w oyangchuan sp.nov.(圖1)

正模♂,寧夏涇源縣臥羊川林場(36°03′N,106°17′E),2008年7月7日,張超采;副模1♂,寧夏涇源縣東山坡林場(37°06′N,106°96′E),2009年7月5日,胡東生采.

詞源學(xué):本種的種名以模式標(biāo)本的產(chǎn)地而擬訂.

鑒別特征:本新種近似于熊田艾蛛CyclosakumadaiTanikawa,1992[7-8],但中突末端彎曲不明顯,而后者中突末端強烈彎曲;中突基葉大于后者;插入器遠(yuǎn)端尖細(xì),而后者插入器遠(yuǎn)端較鈍;引導(dǎo)器大,而后者引導(dǎo)器較小.

雄蛛體長2.97～3.07.正模體長2.97:頭胸部長1.49,寬1.06;腹部長1.58,寬0.89.背甲梨形,黑褐色,頸溝和放射溝不明顯,中窩橫向.2眼列均后凹,前眼列稍寬于后眼列.前中眼間距大于前中側(cè)眼間距(0.06∶0.05);后中側(cè)眼間距大于后中眼間距(0.13∶0.04).前后側(cè)眼相接,2后中眼密切靠攏.中眼域梯形,寬等于長(0.26∶0.26),前邊大于后邊(0.26∶0.18).前中眼>后中眼=前側(cè)眼=后側(cè)眼(0.10∶0.08∶0.08∶0.08).額高0.10,等于前中眼直徑.螯肢黃褐色,前齒堤3齒,第2齒最大;后齒堤2齒.顎葉黃褐色,內(nèi)側(cè)緣淺黃色.下唇和胸板黑褐色.下唇寬大于長(0.25∶0.13),端部三角形.胸板長大于寬(0.68∶0.55).步足黃色,多刺,具褐色環(huán)紋;基節(jié)I腹面后側(cè)緣具1角狀小鉤,步足測量:步足 Ⅰ4.79(1.48+0.51+1.22+1.07+0.51),Ⅱ4.08(1.27+0.51+0.92+0.87+0.51),Ⅲ2.76(0.97+0.31+0.56+0.51+0.41),Ⅳ4.19(1.43+0.41+0.97+0.92+0.46).足式:1423.腹部卵圓形.背面密布銀白色鱗斑,前端黑色,中央具3對褐色肌痕,末端黑色,具1對黑色圓斑.腹部腹面黑褐色.紡器及其周圍黑色.觸肢器的頂突基部寬,末端變細(xì),呈針狀.插入器細(xì)長,呈刺狀.中突遠(yuǎn)端不彎曲,具2個分叉;中突的基葉呈細(xì)指狀.觸肢的膝節(jié)具1根剛毛.

圖1 臥羊川艾蛛Cyclosawoyangchuan sp.nov.

雙鉤艾蛛Cyc losa biham ata sp.nov.(圖2)

圖2 雙鉤艾蛛Cyclosa bihamata sp.nov.

正?！?副模2♂♂,寧夏隆德縣蘇臺林場(35°29′N,107°20′E),2008年7月2日,張超采.

詞源學(xué):本種的種名使用拉丁語bihamata,根據(jù)觸肢器中突具2個鉤狀突起而擬訂.

鑒別特征:本新種近似于山地艾蛛CyclosamonticolaB?senberg&Strand,1906,但中突長于后者;副中突寬而大,呈翼狀;而后者較小,呈鐮刀狀;插入器彎曲不明顯,而后者的插入器強烈彎曲.

雄蛛體長3.93～4.28.正模體長4.18:頭胸部長2.09,寬1.53;腹部長2.14,寬1.43.背甲黑褐色,頸溝和放射溝明顯,中窩深,縱向.2眼列均后凹,前眼列稍寬于后眼列.前中眼間距大于前中側(cè)眼間距(0.12∶0.05);后中側(cè)眼間距大于后中眼間距(0.16∶0.03).前后側(cè)眼相接,2后中眼密切靠攏.中眼域梯形,寬等于長(0.34∶0.34),前邊大于后邊(0.34∶0.21).前中眼>后中眼=前側(cè)眼=后側(cè)眼(0.11∶0.08∶0.08∶0.08).額高0.16,大于前中眼直徑.螯肢黃褐色,前齒堤3齒,后齒堤2齒.顎葉褐色,內(nèi)側(cè)緣淺黃色.下唇褐色,寬大于長(0.28∶0.23).胸板黑褐色,長大于寬(1.02∶0.82).步足黃色,具黑褐色或褐色環(huán)紋;基節(jié)Ⅰ腹面后側(cè)緣具一角狀小鉤.步足測量:步足Ⅰ5.75(1.83+0.71+1.38+1.22+0.61),Ⅱ5.04(1.58+0.71+1.17+1.02+0.56),Ⅲ3.37(1.07+0.46+0.77+0.66+0.41),Ⅳ4.89(1.63+0.56+1.17+1.07+0.46).足式:1243.腹部卵圓形,末端具3個突起.背面黃褐色,前半部具2對白色斑,后半部具一黑色葉狀斑.腹面黑褐色.紡器黑色,前方兩側(cè)具1圓形白斑.觸肢器的頂突大,末端呈針狀.插入器呈喙?fàn)?中突遠(yuǎn)端彎曲,具2個鉤狀的分叉.觸肢的膝節(jié)具1根剛毛.

Cyclosa woyangchuan sp.nov.(Fig.1)

Material:Ho lotype♂,Woyangchuan Forest Farm,Jingyuan County(36°03′N,106°17′E),Ningxia Hui A utonomous Region,7 July 2008,collected by Zhangchao.Paratype:1♂,Dongshanpo Forest Farm,Jingyuan County(37°06′N,106°96′E),Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,5 July 2009,co llected by Hu Dong-sheng.

Etymology:The specific name is a noun in apposition,derived from the type locality.

Diagnosis:The new species is similar to Cyclosa kum adai Tanikawa,1992[7-8],but can be distinguished from the latter by:1)distal part of palpalmedian apophysis bent indistinctly,but in C.kum adai,it is strongly cruved;2)the basal lamella of palpalmedian apophysis is bigger than thatof C.kum adai;3)distal part of em bolus tip,rather than blunt in C.kum adai;(4)conductor is larger than that of C.kum adai.

Males:Total length 2.97—3.07.Ho lo type total length 2.97:cephalothorax 1.49 long,1.06 w ide;abdomen 1.58 long,0.89 w ide.Eye diameters:AM E 0.10,ALE 0.08,PM E 0.08,PLE 0.08;eye interdistances:AM E—AM E 0.06,AM E—ALE 0.05,PM E—PM E 0.04,PM E—PLE 0.13.MOA 0.26 long,f ront w idth 0.26,back w idth 0.18.Cheliceraew ith three p romarginal teeth(second the largest)and two retromarginal teeth.Leg measurements:Ⅰ4.79(1.48+1.73+1.07+0.51),Ⅱ4.08(1.27+1.43+0.87+0.51),Ⅲ2.76(0.97+0.87+0.51+0.41),Ⅳ4.19(1.43+1.38+0.92+0.46).Leg form ul:1423.

Cyclosa biham ata sp.nov.(Fig.2)

Material:Ho lotype♂,Sutai Forest Farm,Longde County,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region(35°29′N,107°20′E),2 July 2008,collected by Zhangchao.Paratypes:2♂♂,sam e data as holo type.

Etymology:The specific name is named fo r the two hooksof male palpalmedian apophysis.

D iagnosis:The new species is similar to Cyclosamonticola B?senberg&Strand,1906,but can be distinguished from the latter by:1)palpalmedian apophysis is longer than that of C.monticola;2)paramedian apophysis w ide and large,w ing-shaped,but in C.m ontico la,it is small,sickle-shaped;3)em bolus bent indistinctly,w hile em bo lus is strongly cruved in C.m ontico la.

Males:Total length 3.93-4.28.Holotype total length 4.18:cephalothorax 2.09 long,1.53 w ide;abdomen 2.14 long,1.43 w ide.Eye diameters:AM E 0.11,ALE 0.08,PM E 0.08,PLE 0.08;eye interdistances:AM E—AM E 0.12 AM E—ALE 0.05,PM E—PM E 0.03,PM E—PLE 0.16.MOA 0.34 long,f ront w idth 0.34,back w idth 0.21.Cheliceraew ith three p romarginal teeth and two retromarginal teeth.Leg measurements:Ⅰ5.75(1.83+2.09+1.22+0.61),Ⅱ5.04(1.58+1.88+1.02+0.56),Ⅲ3.37(1.07+1.23+0.66+0.41),Ⅳ4.89(1.63+1.73+1.07+0.46).Leg form ula:1243.

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(責(zé)任編輯:趙藏賞)

Two New Species of the Genus Cyclosa
(Araneae:Araneidae)from China

ZHANGXiao-xiao,ZHANG Feng,ZHU Ming-sheng
(Co llege of Life Sciences,Hebei U niversity,Baoding 071002,China)

Two new speciesof the genusCyclosabelonging to the family A raneidae from Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,China,were described and illustrated under the name ofCyclosawoyangchuan sp.nov.andCyclosabihamata sp.nov.

A raneae;A raneidae;Cyclosa;new species;Ningxia;China

Q 959.226

A

1000-1565(2010)06-0696-05

2010-05-21

寧夏六盤山昆蟲資源科考專項基金資助項目(L IR0810)

張曉曉(1984—),女,山東泰安人,河北大學(xué)在讀碩士研究生.

張鋒(1971—),男,河北蔚縣人,河北大學(xué)教授,主要從事蛛形動物學(xué)研究.