由Ｉｔ構(gòu)成的強(qiáng)調(diào)句式的用法及注意事項(xiàng)

一、強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的用法

在英語(yǔ)中，我們常用It is/was…who/that結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)突出強(qiáng)調(diào)句子的某一成分(一般是句子中主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ))。在這個(gè)句型中，it沒(méi)有實(shí)在意義，只是引出被強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分。如果被強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分是表示人的詞，用who或that來(lái)連接都可以。如果是其它成分，則一律用that來(lái)連接。例如:

It is my mother who/that cooks every day.

It was yesterday that Tom passed the maths exam.

二、使用本句型的幾個(gè)注意事項(xiàng)

1. 被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分是主語(yǔ)，who/that之后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該在人稱和數(shù)上與原句中的主語(yǔ)保持一致。例如:

It is I who am right. It is he who is wrong.

It is the students who are lovely.

2. 即使被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分是句子中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，原因狀語(yǔ)等，也不能用when， where because，而要用that。例如:

It was after the war was over that Einstein was able to come back to his research workagain.

It was in front of the bank that the old lady was robbed.

It was because of the heavy rain that he came late.

3. 如果被強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分有同位語(yǔ)，同位語(yǔ)也應(yīng)提前。例如:

It was from him， his chemistry teacher， that Paul learned to watch carefully in class.

4. 被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分是作主語(yǔ)的代詞，用主格，是作賓語(yǔ)的代詞，用賓格。例如:

It was he that helped me yesterday.

It was me that he helped yesterday.

5. 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分既包括人又包括物，用that不用who。例如:

lt was the things and people that they remembered that they were talking about.

三、考試中，為了增加試題難度，強(qiáng)調(diào)句型經(jīng)常以疑問(wèn)句形式出現(xiàn)。其一般疑問(wèn)句形式是:

Is/Was it+被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分+who/that… 例如:

Is it Mr. Smith who teaches you English?

其特殊疑問(wèn)句形式是:疑問(wèn)詞+is/was+it+that… 例如:

Why was it that you did not attend the meeting yesterday?

When was it that this traffic accident happen?

Where was it that you put my English dictionary?

四、區(qū)分其他從句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句型

某些從句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句型形式差不多，容易混淆。如果去掉it is/was…that，句子仍然通順成立，則為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，不成立不通順，則為其他從句。例如:

It was…three years ago that he went to America for a further study.

去掉It was…that句子為Three years ago he went to America for a further study. 句子通順，意思完整，那么，這就是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型所構(gòu)成的句子。再如:

It’s a pity that you should have to leave.

若去掉It is…that整個(gè)句子則成為A pity you should have to leave.使讀者不知所云，那么它就是一個(gè)名詞性從句作真正主語(yǔ)的句子。