話題作文寫作策略與技巧

●寫作話題:商品與包裝(products and packaging)

●寫作例題

請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下的任務(wù)說明和寫作要求，寫一篇150詞左右的英語短文。

[閱讀材料]

I am not surprised that 75% of British consumers(消費(fèi)者) feel products have too much packaging. It’s important to consider ways to solve this problem. Many packaging companies are developing new methods. Introductive films(薄膜) of production are worth considering as they can provide not only the protection required by food products， but also high-quality printed designs. Plastics also offer a way for consumers to have the best of both worlds—product protection and environment protection.

Other recyclable and energy recoverable methods exist. Or we can simply reduce the volume of packaging used—perhaps a film bag without the addition of a box as well. While we are likely to see less extravagant(浪費(fèi)的) packaging on stores’ shelves， it is sure to be creative.

[任務(wù)說明]

1) 概括短文的內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)，該部分的詞數(shù)大約為30; 2) 請(qǐng)以“包裝”為話題，寫一篇英語短文，簡要說明你對(duì)各種商品過度包裝所造成的影響的一些看法。該部分的詞數(shù)大約為120;

[寫作要求]

1) 你可以使用實(shí)例、反面論證或其他論述方法支持你的論點(diǎn)，也可以參照閱讀材料的內(nèi)容，但不要抄襲閱讀材料中的句子; 2) 標(biāo)題自定。

●寫作策略

★要點(diǎn)概括策略

任務(wù)說明要求用大約30個(gè)詞概括短文內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)，實(shí)質(zhì)上也就是要求概括該短文的主旨大意或主題思想。主旨大意有引領(lǐng)全文的作用，文意的延伸、情節(jié)的發(fā)展、情感的流露、觀點(diǎn)的表達(dá)都是在主旨大意的引導(dǎo)下逐層展開的。那該如何確定主旨大意呢?常見方法有三種:

(1)首句確定法:往往作者在文章的開頭就簡明扼要概括文章大意，用展現(xiàn)在讀者面前的第一個(gè)句子來表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn)，因此它往往成為名副其實(shí)的主旨大意句。

(2)末句確定法:有時(shí)侯，文章的最后一個(gè)句子也可對(duì)全文進(jìn)行概括和總結(jié)，因而理解末句也是概括短文內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)的一個(gè)好方法。

(3)綜合確定法:對(duì)于不少觀點(diǎn)含蓄性的文章，其首末句不一定是主旨句。這時(shí)，讀者在通讀全文掌握大意的基礎(chǔ)上，認(rèn)真思考作者想說明什么、表揚(yáng)什么、批評(píng)什么，進(jìn)而準(zhǔn)確客觀地概括文章主旨大意。

針對(duì)本文而言，我們就要采用綜合法來確定該短文內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)?？梢赃@樣分析該短文的行文結(jié)構(gòu):第一句呈現(xiàn)問題(商品過分包裝);第二句提出觀點(diǎn)(解決問題的重要性);第三句屬于過渡句，主要從整體上說明問題的解決;接著，用四句話介紹解決商品過分包裝問題的兩種方法，即introduce plastic films和reduce the volume of packaging;最后，進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)調(diào)解決問題的重要性:只要商品的包裝上不會(huì)再有過分浪費(fèi)，那這樣的包裝就很獨(dú)特，有價(jià)值。

由此，可以概括短文內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)如下:Many creative ways are being considered to solve the problem of too much product packaging， such as introducing plastic films and reducing the packaging volume.

★寫作技巧點(diǎn)撥

(1) 詞語搜索:packaging companies(包裝公司); too much packaging(過分包裝); solve the problem (解決問題); think of ways (想辦法); pay attention to (重視); attract customers(吸引顧客); a waste of money (浪費(fèi)資金); do harm/good to(對(duì)……有壞處/好處); pollute environment (污染環(huán)境); satisfy one’s needs (滿足需要); make a difference (大有作為); take effective measures (采取有效措施); provide (提供)

(2) 句型搜索:with the development of…(隨著……的發(fā)展); make it possible for us to do (……使我們有可能……); it is important for us to… (我們干……很重要); In order to…， we should… (為了……我們一定要……); not only…but also… (不僅……而且)

(3)組句成篇:(串聯(lián)用詞語:I think; in my opinion; therefore; first of all; also; too; as well; besides; in addition; however; on the other hand; in all; still)

(4)單句表達(dá):(將下列句子譯成英語)

1.消費(fèi)者總是抱怨過多的包裝增加了食品的費(fèi)用。

2.人們似乎還沒有意識(shí)到這個(gè)問題的嚴(yán)重性。

3.過多的包裝給我們的環(huán)境帶來許多危害。

4.我們應(yīng)該采取有效措施來阻止商品過分包裝。

5.相信我們的努力在同商品過分包裝的斗爭(zhēng)中會(huì)大有作為。

參考答案:

1. The consumers always complain that too much packaging increases the cost of the food.

2. People don’t seem to realize how serious the problem is.

3. Too much packaging does a lot of harm to our environment.

4. We should take many effective measures to stop products from being overpackaged.

5. It is believed that our efforts to fight against too much packaging can make a difference.

●學(xué)生習(xí)作

Many packaging companies have realized the problem of too much packaging and they are seeking possible ways to solve the problem to cater for customers.

Nowadays， many companies pay too much attention to the packaging of their products in order to attract customers. Sometimes， packaging costs more than products， which makes it possible to cause a waste of money and time. Besides， too much packaging does great harm to our environment.

Fortunately， more and more people begin to realize the disadvantages of too much packaging. They know that they shouldn’t satisfy their needs at the cost of the environment， and①too much packaging is actually of no practical use. They also think that many effective measures should be taken to limit it.

In all， let’s work together to fight against too much packaging. I believe our efforts can make a difference.

●習(xí)作點(diǎn)評(píng)

★亮點(diǎn)欣賞:①本篇文章結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，層次分明，要點(diǎn)全面，論證有力。全文共分四個(gè)自然段。第一段開門見山提出觀點(diǎn)(問題正得以解決);第二段陳述問題的產(chǎn)生原因及其危害性;第三段進(jìn)一步說明解決問題的必要性;第四段與第一段前后呼應(yīng)，概括介紹解決問題的信心。②高級(jí)詞匯:pay too much attention to; cater for; do great harm to; of no practical use; fight against等。③較復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu):They also think that…(that引導(dǎo)賓語從句);makes it possible to(it句型);…which makes our spare time richer…(定語從句);被動(dòng)語態(tài)。④過渡詞語:also; besides; fortunately; sometimes; in all。

★錯(cuò)誤更正:①and和too之間應(yīng)加上連接詞that。因?yàn)閠hat在這里引導(dǎo)兩個(gè)并列的賓語從句。

★錦上添花:…， let’s work together to fight against too much packaging.改為 It is high time for us to fight against too much packaging，這樣對(duì)于全文可能會(huì)起到更好的作用。