２００８年高考與定語從句

在復(fù)合句中,修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句,稱為定語從句,也叫形容詞性從句。定語從句是歷年高考的重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目。例如：

2008年高考單項(xiàng)選擇“定語從句”試題就有：

1. The road conditions there turned out to be very good, ____ was more than we could expect. (08全國卷Ⅱ16)

A. it B. what C. which D. that

簡析：答案C。題意為：“那里的路況出奇的好，比我們所預(yù)料的好的多?！狈治鰪木涞慕Y(jié)構(gòu)：which是主語，was是謂語。比較狀語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)：we是主語，could expect是謂語，其賓語被省略。通過分析從句的結(jié)構(gòu)可以看出，句子中缺主語，所以選擇關(guān)系代詞which。

高考考點(diǎn)：考查定語從句的用法。

易錯提醒：不注意分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)易誤選B，不知道非限定性定語從句中不能用that 則易誤選D。

提示：在復(fù)習(xí)有關(guān)定語從句的知識時，一定要學(xué)會分析從句的結(jié)構(gòu)，理清其基本用法和特殊用法，如關(guān)系詞在從句中充當(dāng)什么成分，關(guān)系代詞that和which用法區(qū)別等問題要特別注意。

2. We went through a period ____ communications were very difficult in the rural areas.(08上海卷38)

A. which B. whose C. in which D. with which

簡析：C。 此題考查定語從句的用法。period后面的定語從句中缺少時間狀語，要用when，而此題中沒有when，所以要選擇in which相當(dāng)于in the period,表示時間，作句中的狀語。which要在定語從句中作主語或賓語，而此處的“介詞+which”中要選擇介詞in,而不選擇with。定語從句中“介詞+which”中介詞的選擇，一要看先行詞，二要看與定語從句謂語動詞的搭配，三要看句意。又如：

The English play ____ my students acted at the New Years party was a great success. (NMET 2004,第23題)

A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which

答案：C。考查動詞與介詞的搭配，act in the English play。

又如：

3. Villagers here depend on the fishing industry， ____ there wont be much work. (08上海春卷38)

A. where B. that C. by which D. without which

簡析：答案D。

4. They will fly to Washington, ____ they plan to stay for two or three days. (08重慶卷21)

A. where B. there C. which D. when

簡析：A。本題考查定語從句的用法。先行詞 Washington 為地點(diǎn)，在從句中作不及物動詞stay的地點(diǎn)狀語。

5. Occasions are quite rare ____ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.(08山東卷26)

A. who B. which C. why D. when

簡析：D。此題考查定語從句關(guān)系詞的選擇。此題關(guān)鍵是要根據(jù)句意看出是定語從句。句意為：我有時間和孩子們一起度過一天的機(jī)會很少。occasions是先行詞，所選關(guān)系詞在定語從句中要作時間狀語，故可排除其他選項(xiàng)。

6. The Science Museum, ____ we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of Londons tourist attractions. (08江蘇卷24)

A. which B. what C. that D. where

簡析：答案A。題意為：“在最近去英國的旅行中我們參觀了科學(xué)博物館，它是倫敦最吸引游客的地方之一?！狈治鰪木涞慕Y(jié)構(gòu)，we是主語，visit是謂語，during a recent trip to Britain是狀語，visit后缺賓語，所以選擇關(guān)系代詞which。

高考考點(diǎn)：考查定語從句的用法。

易錯提醒：不注意分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)易誤選D，不知道非限定性定語從句中不能用that 則易誤選C。

提示：在復(fù)習(xí)有關(guān)定語從句的知識時，一定要學(xué)會分析從句的結(jié)構(gòu)，理清其基本用法和特殊用法，如關(guān)系詞在從句中充當(dāng)什么成分，關(guān)系代詞that和which的用法區(qū)別等問題要特別注意。

7. Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers ____ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law. (08江西卷35)

A. where B. when C. who D. which

簡析：答案A。 本題考查定語從句的用法。先行詞 cases為地點(diǎn)，在從句中作不及物動詞resulted的地點(diǎn)狀語。

8. All the neighbors admire this family, ____ the parents are treating their child like a friend. (08安徽卷26)

A. why B. where C. which D. that

簡析：答案B。 本題考查定語從句的用法。先行詞 family為地點(diǎn)，where在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。

9. Yesterday she sold her car, ____ she bought a month ago.

(08浙江卷08)

A. whom B. where C. that D. which

簡析：答案D。 題意為：“昨天她把一個月前剛買的車賣了?！狈治鰪木涞慕Y(jié)構(gòu)，she是主語，bought是謂語，a month ago是狀語，bought后面缺賓語，所以選擇關(guān)系代詞which。

高考考點(diǎn)：考查定語從句的用法。

易錯提醒：不注意非限定性定語從句中不能用that 則易誤選C。

10. The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, ____ are beyond our control. (08湖南卷31)

A. most of them B. most of which

C. most of what D. most of that

簡析：答案B?？疾榉窍拗菩远ㄕZ從句的“代詞＋which”的用法，原句可還原成…Most of the growing speed of a plant are beyond our control.

11. The man pulled out a gold watch, ____ were made of small diamonds. (08陜西卷13)

A. the hands of whom B. whom the hands of

C. which the hands of D. the hands of which

簡析：答案D?？疾榉窍拗菩远ㄕZ從句的“名詞＋which”的用法，原句可還原成：the hands of gold watch were made of small diamonds.

12. For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread our further, ____ New York is an example. (08四川卷04)

A. for which B. in which C. of which D. from which

簡析：答案B。考查非限制性定語從句的“介詞＋which”的用法，原句可還原成…New York is an example…。

13. By nine oclock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, ____ appeared a rare rainbow soon.

(08福建卷31)

A. of which B. on which C. from which D. above which

簡析：答案D?？疾榉窍拗菩远ㄕZ從句的“介詞＋which”的用法，原句可還原成…a rare rainbow appeared above…。