“情色導(dǎo)演”李安

02月 Profile（人物）

Speaking a Universal Language: Director Ang Lee

With such recent successes as Crouching Tiger， Hidden Dragon， Brokeback Mountain and the provocative Lust， Caution， Ang Lee has become one of the most well-known names in film internationally. He certainly boasts an impressive record as a successful director， being the first Asian to win an Academy Award for Best Director in 2005， and one of only two directors to have ever earned two Golden Lions at the prestigious Venice International Film Festival. The 53-year-old American-educated Taiwanese filmmaker has made movies that cross cultural boundaries and speak to audiences on a universal level. This month's Profile will trace Ang Lee's career， from his struggling early years to his rapid rise to international fame.

隨著《臥虎藏龍》、《斷臂山》和頗受爭(zhēng)議的《色戒》的成功，李安在國際電影舞臺(tái)上聲名遠(yuǎn)揚(yáng)。他的成績引人注目：2005年成為了第一位獲得奧斯卡最佳導(dǎo)演獎(jiǎng)的亞洲導(dǎo)演，是連續(xù)2次摘得威尼斯國際電影節(jié)金獅獎(jiǎng)的兩位導(dǎo)演之一。這名受過美國教育的53歲中國導(dǎo)演跨越文化界線拍攝電影，和國際觀眾進(jìn)行交流。本月的《人物》將為你講述李安是如何奮斗取得現(xiàn)今的成績的。

Ang Lee was born on October 23， 1954 in the town of Chaochou in Pingtung， Taiwan. Following the Nationalist defeat in the Chinese Civil War in 1949， Lee's parents moved to Taiwan from the mainland.Lee's father heavily emphasized education and as a young boy， Lee was made to study Chinese culture and art， particularly calligraphy. As a teenager， he attended the prestigious National Tainan First Senior High School where his father had been a former principal. In preparation to attend university， Lee took the Joint College/University Entrance Examination but failed twice. He enrolled at the National Arts School (now the National Taiwan University of Arts) instead and graduated in 1975.

1954年10月23日，李安出生于臺(tái)灣屏東潮州。1949年，國民黨在國內(nèi)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中被打敗，李安舉家從大陸遷往臺(tái)灣。李父重視教育，他自小就被要求學(xué)習(xí)中國文化和藝術(shù)，尤其是書法。青少年時(shí)期，李安就讀于父親知名的臺(tái)南一中（其父曾任該校校長），但卻連續(xù)兩次高考失利。后來，他考上了藝術(shù)學(xué)院（即現(xiàn)在的國立臺(tái)灣藝術(shù)大學(xué)）并于1975年畢業(yè)。

During college， Lee became particularly interested in art. In 1979， following the end of his military service in Taiwan， Lee went to the US to study at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. After receiving his bachelors in theater in 1980， he went to New York University and received his MFA. His NYU thesis work， a 43-minute drama titled Fine Line， won NYU's prestigious Wasserman Award for outstanding direction. Although things looked promising for Lee at this early point in his career， he remained unemployed for the next six years. During this time， Lee's wife Jane Lin， a molecular biologist， was the sole breadwinner for the family. However， with Lin's support， Lee continued to write screenplays and generate new ideas.

在上大學(xué)時(shí)，李安迷上了藝術(shù)。1979年，他結(jié)束兵役前往美國伊利諾斯大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)。1980年獲得戲劇學(xué)士后，他繼續(xù)在紐約大學(xué)深造并取得美術(shù)碩士學(xué)位。他的43分鐘畢業(yè)作品《分界線》為他贏得了分量很重的科學(xué)技術(shù)獎(jiǎng)。雖然李安看起來前途無量，但他卻在接下來的6年中成為無業(yè)游民。在此期間，李安的妻子林惠嘉（分子生物學(xué)家）養(yǎng)家糊口。在妻子的支持下，李安繼續(xù)創(chuàng)作劇本并獲得新的靈感。

The debut of Lee's first full-length feature Pushing Hands in 1991 was his first major breakthrough. Lee partnered with first-time producer Xu Ligong after the screenplay won first place in a competition sponsored by Taiwan's Government Information Office. Pushing Hands won eight nominations in Taiwan's premier film festival， the Golden Horse Film Festival. Lee's second film， The Wedding Banquet， won the Golden Bear in the Berlin Film Festival and was nominated for Best Foreign Language Film in the Golden Globe and the Academy Awards.

1991年，李安推出了第一部作品《推手》，這成為了他藝術(shù)生涯上的突破點(diǎn)。在該片獲得臺(tái)灣新聞局最佳劇本獎(jiǎng)后，李安開始和第一次做制片人的徐立功搭檔?！锻剖帧帆@得了當(dāng)年金馬獎(jiǎng)的8項(xiàng)提名。李安的第二部電影《喜宴》榮獲了柏林金熊獎(jiǎng)并獲得金球和奧斯卡的最佳外語片提名。

Lee continued to make various successful movies including Eat Drink Man Woman， a movie about the frictions between traditional Chinese values， modern relationships， and family conflicts in Taipei. After coming to Hollywood， Lee directed Columbia TriStar's Sense and Sensibility (1995)， The Ice Storm (1997)， and Ride with the Devil (1999). The Ice Storm and Ride with the Devil saw fairly mild box office success.Lee's next big breakthrough happened with his wuxia film， Crouching Tiger， Hidden Dragon (2000). Lee assembled a team from Taiwan， Hong Kong， and the mainland to produce the highest grossing foreign film in many countries. Crouching Tiger was nominated for Best Picture， Best Foreign Language Film， and Best Director at the Academy Awards.

之后，李安又拍攝了多部成功的電影，包括講述中國傳統(tǒng)價(jià)值觀、現(xiàn)代關(guān)系和家庭矛盾沖突的《飲食男女》。來到好萊塢后，李安執(zhí)導(dǎo)了《理智與情感》（1995）、《冰風(fēng)暴》（1997）和《與魔鬼共騎》（1999）。但《冰風(fēng)暴》和《與魔鬼共騎》的票房并不理想。讓李安名利雙收的是武俠片《臥虎藏龍》（2000）。來自臺(tái)灣、香港和大陸的演員為影片奪得高票房。在奧斯卡上，該片獲得了最佳影片、最佳外語片和最佳導(dǎo)演的大獎(jiǎng)。

Lee's two latest films， Brokeback Mountain and Lust， Caution have both been important successes to Lee in different ways. Brokeback Mountain is the story of the forbidden love between two ranch hands in Wyoming. It became an instant box office hit and a cultural phenomenon， being nominated for eight Oscars. It was a favorite to win the Best Picture category， but lost out to Crash in a controversial upset.Still， Lee managed to garner an award for Best Director， sealing his reputation as one of the world's best film directors at the peak of his powers. Lust， Caution saw a return for Lee to Chinese waters. The story is based loosely on actual events that took place in Japanese-occupied Shanghai during World War II. Lust， Caution generated much controversy due to its explicit sex scenes， but was very well received. Thus， Lee's two latest movies saw both success abroad and in his native country.

《斷臂山》和《色戒》是李安職業(yè)生涯中的重要里程碑?！稊啾凵健分v述的是懷俄明州的2個(gè)牛仔之間不被人接受的愛情故事。該片不僅是票房冠軍，還形成了一種文化現(xiàn)象，獲得了奧斯卡8項(xiàng)提名。但卻在最佳影片中敗給了《撞車》。不過，李安還是奪得了最佳導(dǎo)演獎(jiǎng)，證明了自己仍是世界首屈一指的導(dǎo)演?！渡洹肥堑湫偷闹袊９适卤尘笆嵌?zhàn)期間被日軍占領(lǐng)的上海。由于片中的性愛鏡頭，《色戒》引起了很大的紛爭(zhēng)，但卻反響不俗。由此可見，李安的這兩部電影在國內(nèi)外都獲得了好評(píng)。

Throughout his career， Ang Lee has sought to explore complex themes in his movies. His earlier films frequently sought to explore the relationships and conflicts between tradition and modernity. This is clearly evident in films such as The Wedding Banquet， where the homosexual protagonist enters into a fake-marriage to satisfy his traditional Chinese parents. Lee also adeptly deals with the complexities of human emotion (particularly repressed， hidden emotions) in many of his films including Brokeback Mountain and Lust， Caution. Whatever Lee has chosen to deal with in his films， he has done so in a way that demonstrates his remarkable insight into the human heart. Indeed， it is this insight which has allowed his films to transcend cultural and linguistic barriers to speak to audiences all over the world.

在李安的藝術(shù)生涯中，他一直在追尋更深刻的主題。他的早期電影主要探討傳統(tǒng)和現(xiàn)代觀念的關(guān)系。這點(diǎn)在《喜宴》中展露無疑：同性戀主人公為了觀念傳統(tǒng)的父母不得不假裝結(jié)婚。同時(shí)，李安也擅長在電影中挖掘人類潛在的情感（尤其是被壓抑、沒有表露的情感），比如《斷臂山》和《色戒》。不管李安以何種形式處理電影，他都展現(xiàn)其對(duì)人性的非凡洞察力。正是這種洞察力讓他的電影跨越文化和語言的障礙來和全世界的觀眾交流。