八極拳掛蹋的練與用

八極拳技擊實(shí)戰(zhàn)中講究貼身靠打，“四擊”并用，其招法刁鉆狠辣，難以對付，目前國內(nèi)許多地方武警、經(jīng)警、保安以及公安人員的業(yè)務(wù)培訓(xùn)都把八極拳列為重要訓(xùn)練項(xiàng)目。

掛蹋是八極拳門具有代表性的技擊技術(shù)之一，下面就將其練法和用法介紹給讀者，以作拋磚引玉。

一、掛蹋的練法

1、偷步掛蹋

預(yù)備式（圖1）。

由預(yù)備式起左腳向前上一小步后腳尖內(nèi)扣，隨即上體右轉(zhuǎn)，右腳向左腳后叉步（偷步）；同時(shí)右掌向上擄抓，左掌向左下方反背撣出，眼視左前方（圖2）。緊接上動，右腳踏實(shí)，左腳貼地向左方弧型蹭掛；同時(shí)右掌抓握成拳收于腰間，左掌上擺后向體前右下方按拍，眼視左掌（圖3）。

要領(lǐng)：偷步要快，身形變幻靈活，左腳外掛時(shí)要有腰胯力，并且與左掌下按形成合力。

2、上步掛蹋

預(yù)備式（圖4）。

由預(yù)備式起左掌向前上方撐架；同時(shí)左腳向前上一小步，隨即右腳向前上步成虛步，右掌收于腰間，眼前平視（圖5），緊接上動，左腳尖外撇，上體左轉(zhuǎn)，右腳踏實(shí)擦地向右前側(cè)蹭掛；同時(shí)右掌向體左下方按拍，左掌抓握成拳收于腰間，眼視右掌（圖6）。

要領(lǐng)：上步要快，右腳蹭掛與右掌下按形成合力，并有腰胯力。

二、掛蹋的用法

1、偷步掛蹋

甲乙雙方拉開架式準(zhǔn)備格斗（圖7）。

（注：綰袖者為甲，緊袖者為乙）。

設(shè)乙上右步以右拳擊甲中盤或上盤，甲左腳墊一小步，隨即左腳尖里扣，右腳向左腳后偷步，同時(shí)右掌擄抓其臂，左掌用掌背扇擊乙襠部（圖8），上動不停，甲右掌抓握乙腕部后向下擰帶，左掌從外向里，向下按拍乙后背；同時(shí)左腳貼地弧型向左蹭掛乙前腳，使乙前跌（圖9）。

要領(lǐng)：掛腿與按掌形成合力，并有腰胯力，在實(shí)戰(zhàn)中（對敵）左掌應(yīng)劈擊敵后腦。切記不遇歹人不能使用。

2、上步掛蹋

甲乙雙方拉開架式準(zhǔn)備格斗（圖10）。

設(shè)乙上右步以右拳劈打甲頭部，甲左腳上一小步，頭部閃躲的同時(shí)以左掌向上抓擋其前臂，隨即右腳上步吃住乙右腿（圖11），上動不停，甲左手抓握其臂向下?lián)飵?，右掌推按乙胸部；同時(shí)右腳向右前方蹭掛其前腳，使乙仰跌（圖12）。

要領(lǐng)：擋抓要準(zhǔn)，上步要快，蹭掛與推按同時(shí)進(jìn)行，形成合力，注意身體要貼緊對方。

注：掛蹋跌法是八極拳法跌法的一種，講究吃得緊，打得狠，這要求步到身到，目貼緊對方，這樣效果就更好。掛蹋跌在八極拳法中變化極為豐富，可配合身型的變幻，可用各種手法，這需要在實(shí)踐中不斷地體會，使拳技得到進(jìn)一步升華。

The technique of Bajiquan pays more attention to the near-body fighting and four kinds of striking using， so it’s difficult to defend its fierce attacking. At the present， it has been listed in the most important professional training items of all kinds of police and security personnel in many parts of China.

Hooking kick is one of the representative skills in Bajiquan. Now let’s study the practice of it in order to offer the practitioners with valuable opinions.

A.The Ways of Practicing Hooking Kick

a.Crossing Legs and Hooking

Preparation Posture： .

Then， move the left foot up for a small step and move the toes of it inside. After that， turn the body towards the right side， move the right foot back to the left leg （that’s legs crossing）. At the same time， raise the right palm up to catch the opponent， wave the left palm down and use the back of the hand to hit him. Look at the front of the left side . Continually， step the right foot soundly， hook the left foot along the ground out to the left side， and become the right palm into a fist and pull it to the side of the waist， wave the left palm up to the front of the body and then， press it down. Look at the left palm .

Key points： Legs crossing must be swift； body posture changing should be flexible； the left foot hooking must use the power from the waist to form a pool effects with the power of left palm pressing down.

b.Stepping up and Hooking

Preparation Posture： .

Begin from the Preparation posture. Raise the left palm up to the front to block， meanwhile， move the left foot up a small step. Then， move the right foot up， bend the knee and put only toes on the ground. Pull the right palm back to the side of the waist. Look at the front . Continually， move the toes of the left foot outside， turn the body left， stamp the right foot and hook it out to the front rubbing on the ground. Meanwhile， press the palm down to the left side of the body， grab the left palm and become a fist， then， pull it back to the side of the waist. Look at the right palm .

Key points： Foot moving up must be quick； the power of the right foot hooking and that of the right palm pressing down form pool effects， including the power from the waist and hips.

B.The Application of Hooking Kick

a.Crossing Legs and Hooking

The opponent and you are preparing for fighting . （Note： The man whose sleeves are buttoned up is the opponent， while you are the man who rolled up the sleeves.）

If the opponent steps the right foot up and strike your head or chest with the right fist， you can move the left foot up a small step， then， turn the left toes inside， move the right foot to the back of the left leg and become the crossing legs. Meanwhile， use the right palm to grab the opponent’s arm， wave the back of the left palm to hit his crotch . Continually， you can grab his wrist and twist it， use the left palm， from the outside to the inside， from the up to the downside， to hit his back. At the same time， move the left foot towards the left side to hook his foot that is in the front of him， and try to make him fall down to the front .

Key points： The power of the hooking and the power of the left palm pressing must form pool effects， including the power from the waist and hips. In actual fighting， you can use the left palm to cut the back of the opponent’s head. Note： you cannot cut until the opponent is an evil person.

b.Stepping up and Hooking

The opponent and you are preparing for fighting .

If the opponent steps up his right foot up and cut your head with the right fist， you can move the left foot up a small step， move the head aside to avoid the cutting， and meanwhile， raise the right foot up to catch and block his arm， then， move the right foot up to control his right leg . Continually， use the right palm to push his chest. Meanwhile， you can use the right foot to hook the foot that is in the front of him. Try to make him fall down .

Key points： your grasping must be accurate； your foot moving must be swift. The hooking and palm pushing must be used at the same time， and the power in them should form a pool effect. Your body must be close to the opponent’s.

Notes： hooking kick is one of the falling down skills in Bajiquan. It pays more attention to catch accurately and to hit fiercely， so your body moving must follow your foot moving and be close to the opponent’s body. Only this can improve the fighting effect. Hooking kick has large variety of changes in Bajiquan， which can cooperate with all kinds of body postures and hand skills. Only more practice can improve your ability to use them and improve them in actual fighting.