“黃河落天走東海,萬(wàn)里寫入胸懷間?!秉S河,中華民族的母親河,奔騰不息,一路東行,最終在東營(yíng)匯入渤海,孕育了這片充滿生機(jī)與活力的年輕土地。而正在緊鑼密鼓籌建的黃河口國(guó)家公園,便坐落在這里,它不僅是中國(guó)首個(gè)陸海統(tǒng)籌型國(guó)家公園,更是世界自然遺產(chǎn)——中國(guó)黃(渤)海候鳥(niǎo)棲息地(第二期)的重要組成部分,其生態(tài)地位之重要,不言而喻。
黃河口國(guó)家公園的候選區(qū)總面積達(dá)3518平方公里,其中陸地面積1371平方公里,海域面積2147平方公里。自2020年3月啟動(dòng)創(chuàng)建以來(lái),東營(yíng)市科學(xué)利用“河海交匯、新生濕地、野生鳥(niǎo)類”三大世界級(jí)生態(tài)資源,致力于打造鳥(niǎo)類與人和諧共處的“天堂”。
黃河入海的壯麗景象,是大自然的杰作。當(dāng)黃河裹挾著黃土高原的泥沙,以磅礴之勢(shì)涌入湛藍(lán)的渤海時(shí),黃藍(lán)交匯的奇觀便呈現(xiàn)在人們眼前。入??谔?,黃色的河水與藍(lán)色的海水激烈碰撞,卻又奇妙地保持著清晰的界限,形成了一條蜿蜒曲折、綿延數(shù)里的黃藍(lán)分界線,令人嘆為觀止。
黃河口濕地總面積45.67萬(wàn)公頃,濕地率41.58%,區(qū)域內(nèi)的黃河三角洲國(guó)家級(jí)自然保護(hù)區(qū)總面積15.3萬(wàn)公頃,是中國(guó)暖溫帶最廣闊、完整、年輕的濕地生態(tài)系統(tǒng),也是候鳥(niǎo)遷徙路線上的重要“中轉(zhuǎn)站”、越冬地和繁殖地,被譽(yù)為“鳥(niǎo)類國(guó)際機(jī)場(chǎng)”。每年有數(shù)以百萬(wàn)計(jì)的候鳥(niǎo)前來(lái)?xiàng)⒎毖?,眾多珍稀涉禽也在這里找到了它們的樂(lè)園。
實(shí)施互花米草治理實(shí)驗(yàn)項(xiàng)目,清除外來(lái)入侵物種互花米草;恢復(fù)鹽地堿蓬、海草床及灘涂貝類等物種,維護(hù)區(qū)域生態(tài)系統(tǒng)平衡與安全……為了黃河口國(guó)家公園的創(chuàng)建,東營(yíng)市與中國(guó)科學(xué)院等30余家科研機(jī)構(gòu)合作,成立8個(gè)野外監(jiān)測(cè)和科研教學(xué)平臺(tái),建設(shè)黃河三角洲生態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)中心,聯(lián)合開(kāi)展?jié)竦匦迯?fù)模式、外來(lái)有害物種防治等科研攻關(guān),形成了20余項(xiàng)可復(fù)制推廣的科研成果,區(qū)域生物多樣性顯著改善。
目前,黃河口國(guó)家公園的設(shè)立正在國(guó)家林草局審批階段,并已完成多項(xiàng)重點(diǎn)任務(wù),《黃河口國(guó)家公園高質(zhì)量建設(shè)三年行動(dòng)方案(2024—2026年)》也已研究制定。我們有理由相信,在不久的將來(lái),黃河口國(guó)家公園會(huì)正式亮相于世人面前,為全球生態(tài)保護(hù)貢獻(xiàn)中國(guó)智慧和力量,成為世界陸海統(tǒng)籌型自然保護(hù)的典范。
編輯/刁艷杰
Yellow River Estuary National Park Comes with the Wind
The Yellow River, the mother river of the Chinese nation, joins the Bohai Sea in Dongying, and nurtures this vibrant land. The Yellow River Estuary National Park now under preparation is not only China’s first national park integrating land and sea, but also an important part of the world natural heritage – Migratory Bird Sanctuaries along the Coast of Yellow Sea-Bohai Gulf of China.
The candidate region of the park covers a total area of 3,518 square kilometers. Since starting building the park in March 2020, Dongying has been committed to building a paradise of compatibility between birds and mankind in reliance upon the unique advantage of the Yellow River Delta Wetland. The scene of the Yellow River running into the sea is spectacular; the wonder of the river-sea confluence is a masterpiece of nature. The vast Dongying wetland is a significant “transit station”, “wintering ground” and “breeding area” for bird migrations.
To build the park, Dongying has carried out research on wetland restoration and alien hazardous species control in cooperation with more than 30 research institutes, accomplished a number of research results that could be replicated and scaled up, and significantly improved regional biodiversity. At present, the establishment of the park has entered an examination approval stage, and many major tasks have been completed.
We have reason to believe that in the near future, the Yellow River Estuary National Park will officially make its debut, become a model for global ecological conservation, demonstrate Chinese wisdom and strength, and turn into a bright pearl for global natural conservation integrating land and sea.