摘要:【目的】研發(fā)蘋果黃蚜可持續(xù)防控藥劑及應(yīng)用技術(shù),為蘋果黃蚜可持續(xù)防控提供優(yōu)化方案?!痉椒ā坎捎檬覂?nèi)毒力及田間防效評價(jià)阿維菌素與呋蟲胺對蘋果黃蚜的聯(lián)合毒力及二者納米微囊緩釋劑型的應(yīng)用效果。【結(jié)果】室內(nèi)毒力測定結(jié)果表明,阿維菌素與呋蟲胺在1∶2和1∶4配比下對蘋果黃蚜為增效作用;田間應(yīng)用結(jié)果表明,阿維菌素和呋蟲胺1∶4混配組合劑量(w)為15.0~22.5 mg·kg-1時對蘋果黃蚜藥后3~15 d防效為91.44%~99.63%,二者混配可減少單一藥劑有效成分用量10%~70%。按該配比制備2.25%阿維·呋蟲胺納米微囊緩釋劑,田間應(yīng)用結(jié)果表明,在蘋果黃蚜高發(fā)期施藥兩次,二次藥后7~15 d對蘋果黃蚜的防效為79.80%~91.65%,表現(xiàn)出較好的后期防效;添加助劑GY-T1602可有效改善納米微囊緩釋劑的速效性?!窘Y(jié)論】在蘋果黃蚜始發(fā)期,推薦使用2.25%阿維·呋蟲胺納米微囊緩釋劑以獲得較長持效期,添加助劑GY-T1602可有效提高防效;在蘋果黃蚜盛發(fā)期推薦選用阿維菌素與呋蟲胺1∶4混配組合以快速壓低蟲口密度。
關(guān)鍵詞:蘋果黃蚜;阿維菌素;呋蟲胺;聯(lián)合毒力;納米微囊緩釋劑
中圖分類號:S661.1;S436.61文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A文章編號:1009-9980(2024)07-1410-08
Synergistic effect of slow-releasing nanocapsules containing abamectin and dinotefuran on the control againstAphis citricola
GUO Xiaojun1,F(xiàn)ENG Yuntao1,LI Ya1,WANG Yan2,ZHANG Runxiang1*
(1College of Plant Protection,Shanxi Agricultural University(Institute of Plant Protection)/Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture,Taiyuan 030031,Shanxi,China;2Institute of Environmental and Sustainable Development in Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science,Beijing 100081,China)
Abstract:【Objective】In order to solve the problems of single type and reduced sensitivity of tradition-al insecticides for the control of Aphis citricola von der Goot on apple trees,the co-toxicity of abamec-tin and dinotefuran against A.citricola was examined,and the field experiment was carried out to verify the synergistic efficacy.Then,the application effect of the slow-releasing nanoparticles loading with the above two chemical pesticides was evaluated by field experiments for ultimately obtaining the control plan for A.citricola.【Methods】Indoor bioassay was carried out by leaf dipping method.Experimental insects were gathered from apple trees in the greenhouse of Dongyang Experimental Base,Shanxi Agri-cultural University,which were not treated with any pesticides.Four combinations of abamectin and di-notefuran were set up by the active ingredient ratios of 1∶2,1∶4,1∶8 and 1∶16.Firstly,fresh and tender leaves were immersed in the insecticide solutions for 5 seconds,and then moved back up into a petri dish covered with wet filter paper.Secondly,healthy adult aphids were chosen and placed to the leaf sur-face for incubation,and the mortality was recorded after 24 hours of feeding.The co-toxicity of abamec-tin and dinotefuran to A.citricola was evaluated by Sun Yunpei’s co-toxicity coefficient method.Based on the co-toxicity results,two field trials were conducted to evaluate the control effects in April andJune,2021,in Yuncheng City,Shanxi province.Five treatments were set up in each experiment.There were three different doses of the compound(abamectin 5%EC and dinotefuran 20%SG)and two sin-gle insecticide(abamectin 5%EC or dinotefuran 20%SG).The three doses were 4,9 and 13.5 mg·kg-1at 1∶2 ratio,respectively;as well as 15,20 and 22.5 mg·kg-1 at 1∶4 ratio,respectively.Water was set upas the control.Knapsack sprayer was used to evenly spray the apple tree with the amount of 2-3 L solu-tion per tree.Each treatment had 4 replications,and there were 2 trees in each replication.The insect population number was investigated on the 3rd,7th and 15th day after application.In addition,2.25%abamectin·dinotefuran co-delivery nanoparticles formulation(2.25%DACNPs)at the ratio of 1∶4 was prepared and applied.The field experiment was carried out from May to June,2022 in Linyi county,Shanxi province.Four treatments were designed for the experiment,including 2.25%DACNPs,thecompound at 1∶4 ratio,and the addition of the additive GY-T1602 to both,respectively.It was appliedtwice during the occurrence period of aphids and the insect population was investigated on 7th and 15th day after each application.Finally,the population decline rates and the control effects were calculated.【Results】When the compound ratio of abamectin and dinotefuran were at 1∶2,1∶4 and 1∶8,the co-tox-icity coefficients(CTC)on A.citricola were 251.61,260.72 and 126.25,respectively.They were greaterthan 120,indicating that these ratios had synergistic effect on A.citricola.The LC50 of abamectin was 0.66 mg·L-1,while the dinotefuran was 106.44 mg·L-1.The LC50 of the combinations at the ratio of 1∶2and 1∶4 were 0.75 and 1.28 mg·L-1,respectively.It showed that the combinations could enhance thetoxicity of dinotefuran significantly.Field trials showed that,at the ratio of 1∶2,when the dosages were 4.5 and 9 mg·kg-1,the control effects against A.citricola in 7-15 days were only 51.69%-78.46%,sig-nificantly lower than those of any single agent.At the dosage of 13.5 mg·kg-1,the control effect wascomparable to dinotefuran alone,but still lower than that of abamectin,and the difference among all ofthem was not significant.At the ratio of 1∶4,the control effects in 3 days were 91.44%-99.63%at the dosages of 15,20 and 22.5 mg·kg-1,which were equivalent to or slightly higher than abamectin or di-notefuran alone.However,the combination could reduce the active constituent amount of abamectin or dinotefuran by the range of 10%-70%.Moreover,the control effect of 2.25%DACNPs against A.citric-ola in 7-15 days after the first application was 41.44%-64.58%,which was lower than that of the 1∶4combination.After the secondary application,the control effect of 2.25%DACNPs in 7-15 days was 79.80%-91.65%,which was equivalent to the 1∶4 combination.The results also indicated that the 2.25%DACNPs had sustainable efficacy on the control against A.citricola.By adding adjuvant GY-T1602,compared with the same treatment without the addition,the control effects were all improved toa certain degree,there were significant difference in the 7 days after the first application,but no signifi-cant difference existed in the other days.It indicated that adding adjuvant could improve the quick ef-fect.【Conclusion】It is recommended to use 2.25%DACNPs in initial occurrence of A.citricola.How-ever,the combination of abamectin and dinotefuran at the ratio of 1∶4 should be used in peak occur-rence to reduce the insect population density quickly.Adding adjuvant GY-T1602 in the spray could ob-tain a higher efficacy,especially in the early control effect.
Key words:Aphis citricola;Abamectin;Dinotefuran;Co-toxicity;Co-delivery nanoparticles formula-tion
蘋果黃蚜(Aphis citricola von der Goot),又稱繡線菊蚜,群聚危害蘋果樹嫩葉和新梢,造成葉片向內(nèi)或向下卷曲,分泌的蜜露覆蓋在葉片表面,甚至可作為病菌傳播媒介致“煤污病”,嚴(yán)重影響果樹的光合作用[1-2]。在蘋果黃蚜的化學(xué)防治中,有機(jī)磷類、菊酯類和新煙堿類等殺蟲劑的長期過量使用已造成害蟲敏感性下降,導(dǎo)致防治效果不佳[3-4]。尋找新的替代或輪換藥劑,是當(dāng)前蘋果園化學(xué)防治中急需解決的關(guān)鍵問題之一。呋蟲胺(dinotefuran)最早由日本三井化學(xué)合成并登記,為一種乙酰膽堿受體激動劑,因與新煙堿類殺蟲劑結(jié)構(gòu)不同,也稱為第三代煙堿類殺蟲劑,自2014年在中國正式登記以來,已報(bào)道用于多種刺吸式口器害蟲的防治[5-6]。阿維菌素(abam-ectin)屬于大環(huán)內(nèi)酯類殺蟲殺螨劑,具有殺蟲譜廣、殺蟲活性高的特點(diǎn),盡管因長期過量使用阿維菌素,已有多種害蟲對其產(chǎn)生了抗藥性[7],但筆者課題組前期研究表明,阿維菌素對蘋果黃蚜的活性較其他幾種殺蟲劑高[8],在防治蘋果黃蚜中依然具有較高的應(yīng)用價(jià)值。殺蟲劑復(fù)配,尤其是將兩種及以上不同作用機(jī)制的殺蟲劑復(fù)配,可實(shí)現(xiàn)作用機(jī)制互補(bǔ)、擴(kuò)大殺蟲譜、提高農(nóng)藥活性、減少農(nóng)藥使用量,同時降低交互抗性風(fēng)險(xiǎn),延緩害蟲抗性發(fā)展,實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)藥可持續(xù)利用[9]。目前,針對阿維菌素或呋蟲胺與其他藥劑復(fù)配的應(yīng)用案例均有報(bào)道[2,10-11],而關(guān)于這兩者復(fù)配的研究極少。筆者課題組前期報(bào)道了阿維菌素和呋蟲胺混配對梨園梨木虱有延長持效期、提高防效的作用[12],對蘋果園主要害蟲蘋果黃蚜的應(yīng)用效果尚不明確。因此,筆者在本研究中通過明確阿維菌素和呋蟲胺對蘋果黃蚜的聯(lián)合毒力,開展基于二者增效配比的納米微囊緩釋劑型對蘋果黃蚜的田間應(yīng)用技術(shù)研究,以期為蘋果黃蚜可持續(xù)防控提供優(yōu)化方案。
1材料和方法
1.1供試生物試材
室內(nèi)毒力測定于2021年4月進(jìn)行。室內(nèi)毒力測定所用蘋果黃蚜成蚜采自山西省農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院東陽基地溫室蘋果樹,現(xiàn)采現(xiàn)用。試驗(yàn)?zāi)攴菸词┯萌魏无r(nóng)藥。
1.2供試藥劑
96%阿維菌素原粉(TC,河北威遠(yuǎn)生物化工有限公司生產(chǎn));91.2%呋蟲胺原粉(TC,江蘇克勝作物科技有限公司生產(chǎn));5%阿維菌素乳油(EC,天津市漢邦植物保護(hù)劑有限責(zé)任公司生產(chǎn));20%呋蟲胺可溶粒劑(SG,日本三井化學(xué)AGRO株式會社生產(chǎn));2.25%阿維菌素·呋蟲胺納米微囊緩釋劑[13](中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境與可持續(xù)發(fā)展研究所制備)。
1.3試驗(yàn)方法
1.3.1藥劑毒力測定于正式試驗(yàn)前進(jìn)行預(yù)試驗(yàn)確定藥劑配比及濃度。設(shè)置阿維菌素與呋蟲胺有效成分比1∶2、1∶4、1∶8和1∶16共4個復(fù)配組合。藥液配制時,按有效成分比例分別量取阿維菌素和呋蟲胺原粉,用丙酮溶解并配制成一定濃度的母液,再用蒸餾水稀釋成5~7個濃度梯度。
采用浸漬法測定藥劑對蘋果黃蚜的毒力。將新鮮蘋果幼嫩葉片浸入藥液中5 s后取出,用吸水紙吸取多余藥液,將葉片背面向上置于鋪有濕濾紙的培養(yǎng)皿中,用毛筆挑選大小一致的健康無翅成蚜放于葉片上,置于人工培養(yǎng)箱中飼養(yǎng)24 h[溫度(25±1)℃,濕度65%±5%,光照L16∶D8],檢查死亡率。每個處理4次重復(fù),每個重復(fù)不少于25頭成蚜,以蚜蟲不能自主爬行為死亡判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn),記錄總蟲數(shù)和死蟲數(shù)。
1.3.2混配組合田間防效驗(yàn)證根據(jù)聯(lián)合毒力評價(jià)結(jié)果,選擇阿維菌素與呋蟲胺1∶2和1∶4組合開展田間驗(yàn)證。采用5%阿維菌素乳油與20%呋蟲胺可溶粒劑配制混配組合,每種配比分別設(shè)3個劑量處理,其中1∶2混配組合為4.5(1.5∶3)mg·kg-1、9(3∶6)mg·kg-1和13.5(4.5∶9)mg·kg-1,1∶4復(fù)配組合為15(3∶12)mg·kg-1、20(4∶16)mg·kg-1和22.5(4.5∶18)mg·kg-1,同時設(shè)5%阿維菌素EC 5 mg·kg-1、20%呋蟲胺SG 40 mg·kg-1單劑對照及清水對照。阿維菌素與呋蟲胺1∶2混配組合田間試驗(yàn)于2021年4月29日在山西省運(yùn)城市鹽湖區(qū)楊包農(nóng)場進(jìn)行,蘋果品種為美八,樹齡14 a(年);1∶4混配組合試驗(yàn)于同年6月8日在運(yùn)城市臨猗縣角杯鄉(xiāng)進(jìn)行,蘋果品種為富士,樹齡6 a。施藥時均采用新加坡利農(nóng)PJ-16型背負(fù)式噴霧器,施藥量為2~3 L·株-1。每處理設(shè)4次重復(fù),每重復(fù)固定2株樹,在樹冠東、西、南、北、中5個方位隨機(jī)取8個枝條,選取各枝條頂梢5~8片葉掛牌,施藥當(dāng)天調(diào)查蟲口基數(shù),藥后3、7、15 d調(diào)查殘蟲數(shù)。
1.3.3 2.25%阿維菌素·呋蟲胺雙載納米微囊緩釋劑應(yīng)用研究2.25%阿維菌素·呋蟲胺雙載納米微囊緩釋劑試驗(yàn)于2022年5—6月在山西省運(yùn)城市臨猗縣角杯鄉(xiāng)進(jìn)行,試驗(yàn)蘋果品種富士,樹齡5 a,施藥時間分別為5月18日和6月3日,采用新加坡利農(nóng)PJ-16型背負(fù)式噴霧器均勻噴施,施藥量為2~3 L·株-1。同時設(shè)置藥劑及與助劑GY-T1602[8,14]聯(lián)合使用處理,試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)見表1。每處理設(shè)4次重復(fù),每重復(fù)固定2株樹。試驗(yàn)及調(diào)查方法同1.3.2,施藥當(dāng)天調(diào)查蟲口基數(shù),分別于各次藥后7 d和15 d調(diào)查殘蟲數(shù)。
1.4數(shù)據(jù)分析與處理
1.4.1聯(lián)合毒力評價(jià)根據(jù)Probit幾率值法計(jì)算阿維菌素和呋蟲胺單劑及復(fù)配藥劑的毒力回歸方程、致死中濃度LC50、卡方及95%置信限。采用Sun等[15]方法計(jì)算復(fù)配藥劑的共毒系數(shù)CTC,其中當(dāng)CTClt;80表示為拮抗作用,80≤CTC<120表示為相加作用,CTC≥120表示為增效作用。
1.4.2田間防效分析根據(jù)藥前蟲口基數(shù)和藥后殘蟲數(shù),分別計(jì)算各處理區(qū)和對照區(qū)的蟲口減退率和防治效果。采用SPSS軟件對各處理防效進(jìn)行單因素方差分析,并利用Duncan’s新復(fù)極差法進(jìn)行差異顯著性分析。
2結(jié)果與分析
2.1阿維菌素和呋蟲胺對蘋果黃蚜的聯(lián)合毒力
室內(nèi)毒力測定結(jié)果見表2,阿維菌素對蘋果黃蚜的毒力較高,致死中質(zhì)量濃度LC50為0.66 mg·L-1,呋蟲胺對蘋果黃蚜的致死中質(zhì)量濃度LC50為106.44 mg·L-1,毒力僅為阿維菌素的1/160。聯(lián)合毒力測定結(jié)果表明,將阿維菌素與呋蟲胺按一定比例復(fù)配,僅配比為1∶16時對蘋果黃蚜顯示為拮抗作用,配比為1∶2、1∶4和1∶8時共毒系數(shù)CTC為126.25~260.72、均大于120,表明這三種配比下對蘋果黃蚜有增效作用。其中配比為1∶2和1∶4時LC50分別為0.75 mg·L-1和1.28 mg·L-1,相比呋蟲胺單劑毒力大大提高,增效作用顯著。
2.2阿維菌素和呋蟲胺混配對蘋果黃蚜的田間應(yīng)用效果
阿維菌素+呋蟲胺1∶2混配組合對蘋果黃蚜的田間防效見表3。結(jié)果表明,各處理對蘋果黃蚜藥后3d防效均很低,可能與蘋果黃蚜正處于繁殖高峰有關(guān)。藥后7~15 d,5%阿維菌素EC單劑對蘋果黃蚜的防效最高,均在90%以上;20%呋蟲胺SG單劑對蘋果黃蚜的防效低于阿維菌素,但無顯著差異;1∶2混配組合施用劑量為4.5和9.0 mg·kg-1時,對蘋果黃蚜防效僅為51.69%~78.46%,均低于單劑對照;施用劑量為13.5 mg·kg-1時藥后各天防效可與呋蟲胺單劑持平,但仍低于阿維菌素單劑,差異未達(dá)顯著水平。
阿維菌素+呋蟲胺1∶4混配組合對蘋果黃蚜的田間防效見表4。各處理中,5%阿維菌素EC 5 mg·kg-1處理藥后3~15 d對蘋果黃蚜的防效為95.64%~99.47%,20%呋蟲胺SG 40 mg·kg-1處理藥后3~15 d防效為81.74%~97.48%;阿維菌素+呋蟲胺1∶4混配處理在劑量為15.0、20.0及22.5 mg·kg-1下,藥后3~15 d對蘋果黃蚜的防效在91.44%~99.63%之間,藥后各天防效均高于呋蟲胺單劑,與阿維菌素相當(dāng)。在本研究試驗(yàn)條件下,供試藥劑對蘋果黃蚜的速效性和持效性均較好,各處理均在藥后3d防效達(dá)到最高,藥后15d除呋蟲胺單劑對照防效較低為81.74%外,其余各處理防效仍在91%以上。且與單劑對照相比,可分別減少阿維菌素和呋蟲胺有效成分用量10%~40%和55%~70%。
2.3 2.25%阿維菌素·呋蟲胺雙載納米微囊緩釋劑的應(yīng)用
根據(jù)上述獲得的增效配比1∶4,制備了2.25%阿維菌素·呋蟲胺雙載納米微囊緩釋劑,并與阿維菌素和呋蟲胺1∶4混配組合進(jìn)行了田間應(yīng)用對比,結(jié)果見表5。一次藥后7 d,2.25%阿維菌素·呋蟲胺雙載納米微囊緩釋劑對蘋果黃蚜的防效為41.44%,顯著低于混配組合;藥后15 d微囊緩釋劑處理防效上升至64.58%,仍低于1∶4混配組合,差異不顯著。二次藥后7d,微囊緩釋劑和混配組合處理對蘋果黃蚜的防效分別為79.80%和82.73%;二次藥后15 d微囊緩釋劑防效略高于混配組合,防效分別為91.65%和89.92%,兩處理間均無顯著差異。表明阿維菌素和呋蟲胺1∶4混配組合對蘋果黃蚜速效性好,而2.25%阿維菌素·呋蟲胺雙載納米微囊緩釋劑對蘋果黃蚜后期防效更好、持效期長,這與微囊緩釋劑為控制釋放、活性成分釋放慢有關(guān)。
進(jìn)一步研究了各處理添加助劑對蘋果黃蚜的應(yīng)用效果。結(jié)果表明,與未加助劑相比防效均有所提高,其中2.25%阿維菌素·呋蟲胺雙載納米微囊緩釋劑在一次藥后7 d和15d對蘋果黃蚜的防效分別提高15.89和6.29個百分點(diǎn),藥后7 d達(dá)顯著水平;二次藥后7d和15d微囊緩釋劑處理對蘋果黃蚜的防效分別上升至84.63%和95.06%,均高于未添加助劑處理,但無顯著差異。與混配組合相比,趨勢與未添加助劑時相同,微囊緩釋劑處理在一次藥后7 d、15 d和二次藥后7d防效均低于混配組合,其中一次藥后7 d差異顯著;二次藥后15d微囊緩釋劑處理防效高于混配組合,但無顯著差異。該結(jié)果表明,添加助劑可在一定程度上提高防效,尤其可改善2.25%阿維·呋蟲胺雙載納米微囊緩釋劑對蘋果黃蚜的前期防效。
3討論
筆者在本研究中通過室內(nèi)聯(lián)合毒力和田間驗(yàn)證評價(jià)了阿維菌素和呋蟲胺對蘋果黃蚜的增效作用,獲得了二者最佳增效配比1∶4,進(jìn)一步評價(jià)了基于該配比的二者納米緩釋劑型的田間應(yīng)用效果。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),各次試驗(yàn)方案田間防效差異較大,原因可能是蘋果黃蚜種群在各試驗(yàn)階段處于不同的自然消長態(tài)勢,且田間試驗(yàn)影響因素復(fù)雜,重現(xiàn)性差。特別是2.25%阿維·呋蟲胺雙載納米微囊緩釋劑,第一次施藥后正值種群急劇增長期,藥后15 d各處理蟲口數(shù)均為正增長,隨后進(jìn)行了二次補(bǔ)充施藥;末次調(diào)查后,由于果樹新梢老化、蘋果黃蚜種群遷移,對照組蟲口數(shù)量急劇下降,導(dǎo)致防效無法計(jì)算,調(diào)查中止,其持效期還需進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證。
在生產(chǎn)中,將已有常規(guī)劑型進(jìn)行混配是較為經(jīng)濟(jì)快捷的方式。在本研究中,阿維菌素和呋蟲胺在配比1∶4、設(shè)計(jì)用量為15.0、20.0和22.5 mg·kg-1時對蘋果黃蚜均有較好的防效,與單劑相比,中等劑量20.0 mg·kg-1(其中阿維菌素4 mg·kg-1、呋蟲胺16 mg·kg-1)可分別減少阿維菌素和呋蟲胺有效成分用量20%和60%,減藥效果顯著。然而,阿維菌素原藥微溶于水,其常規(guī)劑型多以甲苯、二甲苯為助溶劑,對環(huán)境不友好;且在紫外光下易降解,導(dǎo)致原藥利用率低[16]。呋蟲胺作為第三代煙堿類殺蟲劑,已成為殺蟲劑市場的中堅(jiān)力量,但多次報(bào)道該藥劑對蜜蜂等環(huán)境生物有較強(qiáng)急性毒性[17-18]。
農(nóng)藥緩控釋技術(shù)通過將有效成分包裹在天然或合成高分子材料中,達(dá)到控制釋放、提高有效成分利用率的目的,與常規(guī)劑型相比其持效期長、急性毒性弱、穩(wěn)定性更好[19-20]。筆者在本研究中所用2.25%阿維菌素·呋蟲胺雙載納米微囊緩釋劑以聚乳酸(PLA)為載藥體系,平均粒徑245.7 nm,載藥量39.1%,其中阿維菌素和呋蟲胺含量分別為8.2%∶30.9%(有效成分比1∶3.8),具有優(yōu)良的分散性和穩(wěn)定性,使用該劑型防治梨樹梨小食心蟲可延長施藥間隔期15 d以上[13]。筆者在本研究中也發(fā)現(xiàn),使用2.25%阿維菌素·呋蟲胺雙載納米微囊緩釋劑二次藥后15 d對蘋果黃蚜的防效已超常規(guī)劑型,且仍然維持在較高水平,推薦用于蘋果黃蚜早期防治。尤其是蘋果樹生長周期長,常規(guī)化學(xué)防治方案用藥次數(shù)多、藥劑利用率低,在該防控場景下,推廣應(yīng)用農(nóng)藥緩釋劑型對果品安全生產(chǎn)具有現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。
4結(jié)論
鑒于2.25%阿維菌素·呋蟲胺雙載納米微囊緩釋劑對環(huán)境友好且持效期長,推薦最佳使用時間為蘋果黃蚜始發(fā)期,與助劑GY-T1602配合使用,連續(xù)用藥兩次為宜;在蘋果黃蚜高發(fā)期推薦使用5%阿維菌素乳油與20%呋蟲胺可溶粒劑1∶4混配后添加助劑GY-T1602使用,可快速壓低蟲口密度以獲得更好的速效性。
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