在中國(guó)悠久的歷史長(zhǎng)河中,有許多英雄豪杰的事跡被后人傳頌,其中秦瓊“兩肋插刀”的故事更是影響深遠(yuǎn)。本文帶您了解這段流傳千古的佳話。
“兩肋”一詞最開(kāi)始指的并不是身體兩邊的肋骨,而是一個(gè)名叫兩肋莊的村莊,兩肋插刀一詞來(lái)源于《隋唐演義》中秦叔寶為朋友義氣“兩肋莊走岔道”,對(duì)于這個(gè)故事,還有兩種不同版本的說(shuō)法。
隋朝末年,天下大亂,各路英雄紛紛揭竿反隋。秦瓊作為山東著名的好漢,雖然身在官府任職,但有許多朋友都是嘯聚山林的綠林好漢,其中便包括程咬金和尤俊達(dá)(據(jù)考證,尤俊達(dá)人物原型叫牛進(jìn)達(dá),是唐初名將)。
當(dāng)時(shí),程咬金和尤俊達(dá)劫了靠山王楊林的皇杠,還殺了一個(gè)太保。楊林發(fā)誓要捉拿劫皇杠的響馬,事發(fā)地就在秦瓊?cè)温毜臍v城縣,縣令接到抓捕指令后,自然不敢怠慢,便派秦瓊帶領(lǐng)捕快實(shí)施抓捕。然而,秦瓊得知劫皇杠的竟是自己的好朋友,這使他陷入了兩難境地。
一種說(shuō)法是,秦叔寶接上司抓捕令后,為搭救朋友,先派人暗中通知被緝捕的朋友躲避。在抓捕途中,故意帶領(lǐng)眾捕快走岔道,以保護(hù)這些朋友。最后,抓捕行動(dòng)失敗,秦叔寶遭牽連,險(xiǎn)些喪命。后來(lái),聚義瓦崗寨的“響馬”朋友在登州城奮力搶救秦叔寶,共舉義旗。
兩肋莊這個(gè)地名也是后來(lái)說(shuō)書(shū)人在講述秦叔寶當(dāng)年為了朋友脫險(xiǎn)而故意走岔道的舉動(dòng)時(shí),為了突出他的朋友義氣,就將岔道口所在的地方稱(chēng)作兩肋莊。
另一種說(shuō)法是,為了去救自己的這群江湖朋友,秦叔寶染面涂須前往登州冒充響馬,走到兩肋莊岔道口的時(shí)候,有三條路可選:一條通往汝南莊(尤俊達(dá)和程咬金的藏身之處),一條通往登州(官府所在地),一條則是回家的路。
家里妻兒老母正在等著自己,走這條路,自己必定可以平平安安,前往登州,雖然可以成全兄弟義氣,但是自己有可能會(huì)生死未卜。經(jīng)過(guò)一番思想斗爭(zhēng)之后,秦叔寶毅然地走上了前往登州的道路。
秦瓊的義舉很快在民間傳開(kāi),人們被他的深重義氣所感動(dòng)。后來(lái)經(jīng)過(guò)人們的口耳相傳和藝術(shù)再創(chuàng)作,“秦叔寶為朋友兩肋莊走岔道”的故事逐漸演變成了“兩肋插刀”的成語(yǔ),用來(lái)形容為人非常講義氣、愿意為友情做出巨大犧牲的精神。后世的說(shuō)書(shū)藝人們更是將這段佳話加以潤(rùn)色,使其更加生動(dòng)有趣,廣為流傳。
In the vast expanse of China’s long history, countless heroes have left behind tales that resonate through the ages, among which Qin Qiong’s story of ‘Stabbing a Knife Between Two Ribs’ stands out as particularly influential.
The term ‘Two Ribs’ originally did not refer to the ribs on either side of the body, but was instead the name of a village called Lianglai Village. The phrase ‘Stabbing a Knife Between Two Ribs’ originates from the novel Romance of the Sui and Tang Dynasties, where Qin Shubao ‘took a detour in Lianglai Village’ for the sake of his friend’s loyalty. Over time, through oral tradition and artistic reinterpretation, the story of ‘Qin Shubao’s detour in Lianglai Village’ evolved into the idiom ‘Stabbing a Knife Between Two Ribs,’ symbolizing someone who is highly righteous and willing to make great sacrifices for the sake of friendship. Successive generations of storytellers further embellished this tale, making it more vivid and compelling, ensuring its widespread popularity.