Luxor Temple

◎熊娟娟

Track 5

盧克索是埃及的古城，古跡多到被稱為全球最大的露天博物館，有著“宮殿之城”的美譽(yù)。探訪盧克索神廟，赴一場(chǎng)跨越千年的古今之旅，必然不虛此行。

The Luxor Temple is a renowned ancient Egyptian temple located on the east bank of the Nile River in the city of Luxor,Egypt.It stands as one of the most famous ancient temples in the world.Situated opposite the well-known Karnak Temple,it is part of the ancient city of Thebes and is a significant archaeological site with profound historical and cultural significance.With a history spanning over 4000 years,the temple has witnessed numerous additions,modifications,and renovations by different pharaohs and rulers,resulting in a unique1)fusionof architectural styles.The Luxor Temple served as a religious and ceremonial center,where rituals and offerings were performed to honor the gods and ensure prosperity for Egypt.

The temple’s construction began during the reign of Amenhotep III in the 14th century BCE and was continued by subsequent pharaohs,including Tutankhamun,Horemheb,and Ramesses II.The temple complex is characterized by the First Pylon,a massive structure adorned with intricate carvings and scenes depicting the military victories of various pharaohs.Beyond the pylon lies a large open court and a colonnaded courtyard,featuring rows of imposing columns with intricately carved capitals.Additionally,there are remnants of an ancient Christian church and a mosque within the temple2)precinct,reflecting the site’s diverse historical significance.

The architectural style of the Luxor Temple is a fusion of ancient Egyptian,Greek,and Roman influences.The grandeur and magnificence of the temple are evident in its colossal statues,towering columns,and intricate carvings.

In addition to its architectural splendor,the Luxor Temple houses a shrine dedicated to the goddess Hath or.This shrine,known as the Birth Room,featur es intricate reliefs depicting the divine birth of t he pharaoh,symbolizing his divine lineage and co nnection with the gods.The temple complex also includes smaller structures such as chapels and sa nctuaries,each with its own unique architectural an d religious significance.

The Luxor Temple’s inclusion in the UNESCO World Heritag e list in 1979 further solidified its status as a g lobally significant historical and cultural site.Visitors from around the world come to marvel at it s3)grandeur,explore its intricate details,and im merse themselves in the ancient world of Egypt.

1) fusionn.融合；溶解

2) precinctn.范圍；界限

3) grandeurn.偉大；宏偉

盧克索神廟是埃及盧克索市尼羅河?xùn)|岸的一座著名古埃及神廟，也是世界上最著名的古代神廟之一。它與另一座著名的神廟卡納克神廟相對(duì)，是古底比斯城的一部分，是一個(gè)具有重要?dú)v史和文化意義的著名考古遺址。盧克索神廟的歷史超過4000 年，見證了不同的法老和統(tǒng)治者進(jìn)行的多次擴(kuò)建、改建和修繕，形成了一種獨(dú)特的建筑風(fēng)格的融合。盧克索神廟作為一個(gè)宗教和儀式中心，用于進(jìn)行祭祀和供奉活動(dòng)，以此來敬拜諸神，并確保埃及的繁榮。

盧克索神廟的建造始于公元前14 世紀(jì)埃及第十八王朝的阿蒙霍特普三世的統(tǒng)治時(shí)期，并由后來的法老，包括圖坦卡蒙、霍雷姆赫布和拉美西斯二世繼續(xù)建造。盧克索神廟以第一塔門為特色，這是一座巨大的建筑，裝飾著復(fù)雜的雕刻，描繪了各位法老軍事勝利的場(chǎng)景。塔門后是一個(gè)寬闊的開放庭院和一個(gè)有柱廊的庭院，其中有雕刻精美的柱子。此外，神廟區(qū)域內(nèi)還有古代基督教教堂和清真寺的遺跡，反映了該遺址多元的歷史意義。

盧克索神廟的建筑風(fēng)格融合了古埃及、古希臘和古羅馬的元素。神廟的宏偉和壯麗體現(xiàn)在其巨大的雕像、高聳的柱子和復(fù)雜的雕刻。

除了建筑壯麗，盧克索神廟還設(shè)有一個(gè)供奉女神哈索爾的神龕。這個(gè)神龕被稱為“誕生室”，上面有精美的浮雕，描繪了法老的神圣誕生，象征法老神圣的血統(tǒng)與神的聯(lián)系。神廟群還包括小堂、圣所等較小的建筑物，每個(gè)建筑物都有其獨(dú)特的建筑和宗教意義。

盧克索神廟于1979 年被列入聯(lián)合國教科文組織世界遺產(chǎn)名錄，進(jìn)一步鞏固了它作為全球重要?dú)v史和文化遺址的地位。來自世界各地的游客前來欣賞盧克索神廟的宏偉壯麗，探索其精細(xì)的細(xì)節(jié)，并沉浸在古埃及世界中。