語義重復(fù),顧名思義,就是一個(gè)句子中同時(shí)使用了含義相同或相近的詞匯,從而導(dǎo)致語意出現(xiàn)重復(fù),表達(dá)不順暢。在漢譯英中,許多同學(xué)受漢語思維的干擾,極易犯語義重復(fù)的錯(cuò)誤。對此,筆者歸納了如下幾個(gè)語義重復(fù)錯(cuò)誤,以期同學(xué)們能夠引以為戒,不要再犯類似的錯(cuò)誤。
一、everyone 與all連用
【例1】大家都知道玩火是非常危險(xiǎn)的。
【誤】Everyone all knows that playingwith fire is very dangerous.
【正】Everyone knows that playing withfire is very dangerous.
【正】We all know that playing with fire isvery dangerous.
【剖析】everyone 意為“每個(gè)人,所有人,大家”;all意為“所有,全部,都”,兩者均可以表示“一群人中的所有人”。因此,若要使用everyone 或 everybody,需注意其后不可以與all連用,否則語義就重復(fù)了。
二、return與back連用
【例2】他們直到晚上很晚才回來。
【誤】They didn’t return back until verylate in the evening.
【正】They didn’t return until very late in
the evening.
【正】They didn’t come back until verylate in the evening.
【剖析】return意為“回來,回去,回到,返回”等,相當(dāng)于“come back”或“go back”,它與back存在包含關(guān)系,所以,return不能與back搭配使用。
三、prefer與better連用
【例3】咖啡和紅茶,你更喜歡哪個(gè)?
【誤】Which do you prefer better,coffee or black tea?
【正】Which do you prefer,coffee or black tea?
【正】Which do you like better,coffee or black tea?
【剖析】prefer意為“較喜歡,更喜歡”,常用于兩種事物的比較,它相當(dāng)于“l(fā)ike...bet?ter”。因此,在用prefer時(shí),同學(xué)們需注意其后不能再接better或more。
四、how much與price連用
【例4】這件外套的價(jià)格是多少?
【誤】How much is the price of this coat?
【正】How much is this coat?
【正】What is the price of this coat?
【剖析】在英語中,how much意為“多少錢”,詢問的就是“價(jià)格”,其后再加上一個(gè)“price”,顯然,語義重復(fù)。一般地,若要詢問物品價(jià)格,可以用“How much is/are+物品”或“What is the price of+物品”來提問。
五、hear from與news連用
【例5】我期待著能盡快得到您的消息。
【誤】I expect to hear from your news as soon as possible.
【正】I expect to hear from you as soon as possible.
【正】I look forward to hearing from you as soon as possible.
【剖析】hear from意為“得到……的消息,收到……的信”,常見用法是“hear from sb.”,相當(dāng)于“hear the news from sb.”或“get a letterfrom sb.”,當(dāng)表示得到某人消息時(shí),hear from本身已蘊(yùn)含了“消息”之意,所以,其后不可以再與news連用。
六、one day與in the future連用
【例6】他希望將來有一天能去月球旅行。
【誤】He hope he will travel to the moonone day in the future.
【正】He hope he will travel to the moonone day.
【正】He hope he will travel to the moonin the future.
【剖析】one day意為“有一天”,表示的是“將來或未來”,in the future意為“將來,未來,今后”,兩者語義有重疊,可以獨(dú)立使用,但不可同時(shí)使用。
七、right now與as soon as連用
【例 7】我一得到他的答復(fù),就立即通知你。
【誤】I will tell you right now as soon as Iget an answer from him.
【正】I will tell you as soon as I get an answer from him.
【剖析】right now 意為“立即,馬上”,assoon as,意為“一……就”,蘊(yùn)含了“立刻,馬上”之意,所以,right now與as soon as不可連用。
總之,在平時(shí)漢譯英的訓(xùn)練中,同學(xué)們要注意避免思維定勢的影響,謹(jǐn)慎使用對應(yīng)的單詞或短語,從而避免語義重復(fù),寫出準(zhǔn)確、地道的英語句子。