漢宏物流（中國(guó)）有限公司中國(guó)區(qū)鐵路部經(jīng)理吳博： 通道優(yōu)勢(shì)助力汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)貿(mào)易迭代升級(jí)

楊艷

David Wu， Manager of Railroad Department， Hellmann Worldwide Logistics （China） Limited

Upgraded Trade in Vehicles Thanks to Belt and Road Logistics Corridors

世界排名前十位的國(guó)際貨代物流企業(yè)——漢宏物流于1980年進(jìn)入中國(guó)市場(chǎng)，2019年起，全面融入共建“一帶一路”物流大通道；與重慶有關(guān)部門、開放平臺(tái)、通道運(yùn)營(yíng)平臺(tái)等緊密合作，打造連接歐洲、中亞、南亞市場(chǎng)的物流樞紐中心，為重慶內(nèi)陸開放注入源源不絕的動(dòng)力。漢宏物流（中國(guó)）有限公司中國(guó)區(qū)鐵路部經(jīng)理吳博接受本刊記者專訪，暢談助力“重慶制造”“走出去”、海外整車“運(yùn)進(jìn)來(lái)”。

將沿海地區(qū)成熟物流經(jīng)驗(yàn)帶到重慶

近年來(lái)，重慶持續(xù)加強(qiáng)與共建“一帶一路”國(guó)家在消費(fèi)領(lǐng)域的交流合作，加速與國(guó)際接軌，消費(fèi)水平與消費(fèi)能級(jí)不斷提升。十年前，重慶市場(chǎng)上的進(jìn)口車價(jià)格普遍比沿海地區(qū)高。想要購(gòu)買更便宜的進(jìn)口車，只能去天津、上海、廣州、大連等城市，時(shí)間成本和綜合物流成本居高不下。

隨著，中歐班列（渝新歐）開通，通道優(yōu)勢(shì)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楫a(chǎn)業(yè)優(yōu)勢(shì)。2014年，國(guó)務(wù)院批準(zhǔn)重慶設(shè)立汽車整車進(jìn)口口岸。這是我國(guó)首次在西部?jī)?nèi)陸地區(qū)設(shè)立整車進(jìn)口口岸。汽車貿(mào)易升級(jí)迭代，彰顯了重慶在“買全球”交易機(jī)制構(gòu)建、全球貨源組織能力上的提檔升級(jí)。

吳博介紹，漢宏物流正是借助中歐班列的多線路優(yōu)勢(shì)，結(jié)合國(guó)際歐洲總部的站點(diǎn)資源，開發(fā)“門到門”一體化模式，與重慶多個(gè)制造業(yè)工廠合作，提供優(yōu)質(zhì)服務(wù)，囊括了汽車零配件業(yè)、服裝制造業(yè)、高精密儀器配件業(yè)等。

漢宏物流與中歐班列（渝新歐）進(jìn)出口業(yè)務(wù)尤其在整車物流方面保持緊密的合作關(guān)系。通過(guò)重慶鐵路口岸進(jìn)口整車，將沿海地區(qū)成熟物流經(jīng)驗(yàn)帶到重慶，讓重慶鐵路口岸成為全國(guó)具有穩(wěn)定整車進(jìn)口量和國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)操作能力的內(nèi)陸鐵路口岸之一。

“漢宏物流在西永綜保區(qū)設(shè)立進(jìn)口整車保稅集散分撥中心，將合作伙伴從世界各地進(jìn)口的貨物通過(guò)西永綜保區(qū)分撥到中國(guó)各個(gè)城市?！眳遣┓Q，到目前為止，在云、貴、川、渝銷售的保時(shí)捷整車全部通過(guò)中歐班列（渝新歐）運(yùn)抵重慶西永綜保區(qū)，由綜合保稅區(qū)分撥到各地交付給終端客戶。從德國(guó)不來(lái)梅哈芬市接車，到送抵重慶各地門店，用時(shí)30—35天。

強(qiáng)力運(yùn)輸保障使內(nèi)陸城市“沿?；?/p>

中歐班列為共建“一帶一路”提供了強(qiáng)力運(yùn)輸保障，同時(shí)也使內(nèi)陸城市“沿?；?。中歐班列的開行給予了內(nèi)陸城市直接輸送的能力，鐵路班列的速度優(yōu)勢(shì)有助于跨國(guó)企業(yè)降低流通環(huán)節(jié)總庫(kù)存，提高市場(chǎng)響應(yīng)速度。全程鐵路運(yùn)輸時(shí)間18—20天，比滾裝運(yùn)輸模式減少了三分之二，與航空運(yùn)輸相比又大大降低了物流運(yùn)輸成本；通過(guò)中歐班列（渝新歐）運(yùn)輸?shù)街貞c鐵路口岸后，再公路短駁到西永綜保區(qū)，緩解了進(jìn)口整車“落地征稅”對(duì)企業(yè)帶來(lái)的流動(dòng)資金壓力。

吳博介紹，特別是重慶海關(guān)為了進(jìn)一步推動(dòng)項(xiàng)目實(shí)施，專門創(chuàng)新整車保稅倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)“一次檢測(cè)、一次運(yùn)輸、一體化作業(yè)”的“整車保稅三個(gè)一”通關(guān)模式，并在此基礎(chǔ)上制定了便捷進(jìn)出監(jiān)管細(xì)則，實(shí)現(xiàn)了保稅整車分批零延遲進(jìn)出區(qū)，便利企業(yè)及口岸操作，縮短轉(zhuǎn)關(guān)及清關(guān)時(shí)間，讓企業(yè)充分享受政策紅利，實(shí)現(xiàn)企業(yè)降本增效。

“就整車進(jìn)出口業(yè)務(wù)而言，目前借助中歐班列（渝新歐）運(yùn)輸?shù)谋r(shí)捷整車已超2.7萬(wàn)臺(tái)，整體運(yùn)輸成本、時(shí)效相比其他運(yùn)輸模式大大優(yōu)化；重慶賽力斯汽車的整車出口業(yè)務(wù)，最優(yōu)選擇也是鐵路運(yùn)輸，此外，汽車零配件產(chǎn)品供應(yīng)商也是漢宏物流占比非常大的客戶群體，主要也是由于海運(yùn)時(shí)間太長(zhǎng)，空運(yùn)成本高昂，鐵路運(yùn)輸成為了客戶的首選。”吳博說(shuō)。

爭(zhēng)取更多車企品牌商集散中心落戶重慶

目前，重慶整車進(jìn)口口岸已實(shí)現(xiàn)17個(gè)主流整車品牌的常態(tài)化進(jìn)口。今年1—9月，重慶整車進(jìn)口口岸進(jìn)口汽車5618輛，數(shù)量、品類均居內(nèi)陸鐵路口岸第一。

吳博表示，漢宏物流正在積極協(xié)調(diào)國(guó)內(nèi)外車企的鐵路運(yùn)行方案，爭(zhēng)取獲得更多車企品牌商的集散中心落戶西永產(chǎn)業(yè)園。同時(shí)也將加大推廣汽車零部件產(chǎn)品由中歐班列（渝新歐）承運(yùn)，著重考慮將歐洲整車或者汽車零部件產(chǎn)品經(jīng)重慶中轉(zhuǎn)至東南亞地區(qū)的產(chǎn)品方案，更大發(fā)揮重慶作為國(guó)際物流樞紐的關(guān)鍵功能。

圖/受訪者提供

Hellmann Worldwide Logistics （China） Limited （“the Company”）， a global Top 10 freight forwarding and logistics company with operations worldwide， made inroads into the Chinese market in 1980. Since 2019， the Company has fully engaged in the development of international logistics corridors under the Belt and Road Initiative （BRI）. Through close collaboration with relevant authorities of Chongqing， opening-up platforms， and operation platforms of logistics corridors， it has worked to build Chongqing into a logistic hub connecting European， Central Asian， and South Asian markets， generating constant impetus for the opening up of Chongqing as an inland city. David Wu， Manager of the Railroad Department at the Company， gave an interview to our reporter， talking about how the Company engages in the “bringing-in” and “going global” initiatives for imported vehicles and “Made-in-Chongqing Vehicles”.

Introducing Tried and Tested Logistics Practices of Coastal Regions to Chongqing

In recent years， Chongqing has enhanced exchanges and collaboration with Belt and Road partner countries in the consumption field， applying international standards to elevate its consumption level and capacity. Ten years ago， the prices of imported cars in the Chongqing market were generally higher than those in coastal areas. To buy more affordable imported vehicles， consumers could only go to other cities like Tianjin， Shanghai， Guangzhou， and Dalian， which entailed high time and overall logistics costs.

Since the China-Europe Railway Express （Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe） was launched， the corridor advantage has translated into industrial benefits. In 2014， the State Council approved the establishment of Chongqing Vehicle Import Port， the countrys first vehicle import port in inland regions of Western China. The upgrade of auto trade highlights the gains Chongqing has made in building a “buying globally” trading mechanism and a “global sourcing” capacity.

The Company has leveraged the multiple routes of China-Europe Railway Express， combining the station resources of the international headquarters in Europe， to develop a “door-to-door” all-in-one model. It has cooperated with several Chongqing-based manufacturers to provide high-quality services， covering the auto parts and components industry， apparel industry， and high-precision instrument parts industry， etc.， noted David Wu.

The Company has closely cooperated with Chongqing in importing goods via China-Europe Railway Express， especially the complete vehicles. By importing vehicles via Chongqing Railway Port， tried and tested logistics practices have been brought from coastal regions to Chongqing， enabling Chongqing Railway Port to grow into one of the inland railway ports with a steady volume of vehicle imports and international operational capabilities in China.

“The Company has built a bonded distribution center for imported vehicles in Xiyong Comprehensive Bonded Zone， where we distribute cargo imported from worldwide by our partners to different cities in China through the Bonded Zone.” To date， all Porsche cars sold in Yunnan， Guizhou， Sichuan， and Chongqing have been transported to the Bonded Zone via China-Europe Railway Express and then distributed to end customers in different parts of the country by the Bonded Zone. It takes 30-35 days to pick up the cars from Bremerhaven City， Germany， and deliver them to outlets in Chongqing， said David Wu.

Efficient Transportation Making Inland Cities Readily Accessible

China-Europe Railway Express has provided efficient transportation for the Belt and Road Initiative and made inland cities readily accessible. Its operation empowers inland cities to deliver cargo directly， and its speed allows multinationals to reduce total inventory in transit and respond to the market rapidly. It takes 18 to 20 days to make a whole journey by rail， two-thirds less than the roll-on roll-off mode of transportation， and significantly reducing the logistics and transportation costs compared to air transportation. Cargo can be transported to the Chongqing Railway Port via China-Europe Railway Express and then transported by highway to the Bonded Zone， alleviating the liquidity pressure on companies due to “taxation on arrival” on imported cars.

Especially， to promote project implementation， Chongqing Customs pioneered the clearance mode of “one-off testing， one-off transportation， and integrated operation” and， based on that， formulated rules to facilitate entry and exit supervision. In this way， the bonded vehicles can enter entry and exit zones in batches without delay， making it easier for companies to handle port procedures， shortening transit and clearance time， and allowing them to enjoy more policy benefits， lower costs， and higher efficiency， said David Wu.

“Regarding vehicle import and export， we have shipped more than 27，000 Porsche cars via China-Europe Railway Express （Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe）， which is much more cost-saving and time-saving compared with other transportation models. For SERES Automobiles， the railway is the optimal choice for its vehicle export， which means a shorter transportation duration， lower costs， and customized solutions. A large proportion of our clients are engaged in auto parts and components and they also prefer railway over maritime and air transportation， which come with a long transportation time and high costs，” said David Wu.

Expecting More Distribution Centers for Auto Brand Owners Settled in Chongqing

Chongqing Vehicle Import Port has realized the regular import of 17 mainstream vehicle brands. In the first nine months of this year， it imported 5，618 cars， ranking first among inland railroad ports in quantity and category.

According to David Wu， the Company is coordinating with domestic and overseas carmakers over their rail operation programs to bring more distribution centers for auto brand owners to Chongqing Xiyong Micro-Electronics Industrial Park. The Company is considering shipping more auto parts and components via China-Europe Railway Express， especially the solution of transporting European cars or auto parts and components to Chongqing via China-Europe Railway Express and then to Southeast Asia， thus fully tapping into Chongqings essential function as an international logistic hub.

Photo/Interviewees