逛東北早市學(xué)實(shí)用量詞

廖葉

本篇擬圖文并茂地展現(xiàn)東北早市場(chǎng)景，并通過(guò)南北方買菜差異的鮮明比對(duì)，完成日常實(shí)用漢語(yǔ)量詞教學(xué)。In this article， we will vividly depict the scenes of a morning market in Northeast China andintroduce you to the ditherences in shopping for groceries between the south and the north in China.During the process， you will master more practical Chinese measure words.

冬日的清晨，太陽(yáng)還未完全升起，但東北的早市已經(jīng)熱鬧起來(lái)了。為了這份熱鬧，有人披星戴月地忙碌著。

Early in the winter morning， before the sun fully rises， themorning market is already bustling. this lively atmosphere isthe result of diligent people getting up early to work.

凌晨四點(diǎn)多，滿載豐盛食材的拉貨車陸續(xù)駛?cè)腴L(zhǎng)街，輪轂像絲滑的拉鏈拉開了市民生活的序幕。商販們緊鑼密鼓地卸貨，有條不紊地陳列。隨著“嘩啦”一聲，魚攤前剛剛捕撈上岸的新鮮鯽魚從漁網(wǎng)內(nèi)傾瀉而出，在地上活蹦亂跳。早市開張了，人們不斷地涌入長(zhǎng)街，市場(chǎng)沸騰了起來(lái)。

Around 4：00 a.m.， trucks loaded with produce startsto enter the long street. With their rolling wheels， the citystarts to look alive. the vendors quickly unload their goodsand then neatly display them. With a splash， freshly caughtcrucian carps are scattered from the fishing nets at thestalls， wriggling and jumping on the ground. the morningmarket is now open， and people continuously stream intothe long street. the market is bustling with excitement.

這里是黑龍江省哈爾濱市的紅專街早市，整座城市從這里開始蘇醒：現(xiàn)烙的苞米面大餅子香甜可口，剛炸的玫瑰紅豆油炸糕外酥里糯，新出爐的牛肉洋蔥燒餅皮薄餡足，再搭配一碗濃郁多汁的豆腐腦或是鮮而不膻的羊雜湯，喚醒你一天的活力。

This is the morning market of Hongzhuan Street inHarbin， Heilongjiang Province. It is where the wholecity begins to wake up. Here you can thnd freshly bakedcorn pancakes， all sweet and delicious. Here you canfind freshly fried doughnuts with rose and red bean，which are crispy on the outside and sticky on theinside. Here you can also find newly baked beef andonion pancakes with thin crusts and generous thllings.You can enjoy them with a bowl of rich and juicytofu pudding， or a serving of flavorful sheep haggissoup that has no unpleasant gamy odour at all. thesedelicacies will invigorate you for the whole day.

響亮的吆喝聲、溫情的問(wèn)候聲與鍋鏟的碰撞聲交織在一起，奏出一支活力四射的交響曲；黃澄澄的玉米、紅彤彤的辣椒、綠油油的青菜、白生生的蘿卜、黑乎乎的凍梨（一種東北特產(chǎn)，將白梨天然冰凍至烏黑色，食用時(shí)，需待其融化。其口感綿密，清甜多汁，有解酒功效。）被整整齊齊地?cái)[放在攤頭，像一幅五彩繽紛的水彩畫。

The vendors’ shouts， warm greetings， and thesound of spatulas hitting pans intertwine， creatinga vibrant symphony. Yellow corn， red chili peppers，green vegetables， white radishes， and dark frozenpears （a specialty of Northeast China， where whitepears are naturally frozen until they turn black. Wheneaten， they have a dense texture， sweet and juicy， andare known for their hangover-curing effects.） areneatly arranged on the stalls， resembling a gorgeouswatercolor painting.

中國(guó)地大物博、幅員遼闊，其南北差異猶如涇水渭河一樣分明。

China is so vast that the differences between thesouth and the north are as clear as the ditherent colorsof the Jing and Wei Rivers， as the Chinese idiomindicates.

菜市場(chǎng)里，白凈敦實(shí)的大白菜摞成一堆，葉片緊密地“抱”在一起，葉青如翡，莖白似玉。南方人見(jiàn)了：“喲，白菜不錯(cuò)呀！老板，來(lái)一顆。”北方人見(jiàn)了：“喲，白菜不錯(cuò)呀！老板，來(lái)一車?！?/p>

At the vegetable stalls， large and plump Chinesecabbages with closely wrapped leaves are stackedtogether. the leaves are emerald green， and the stemsare jade white. When people from the South see them，they say， “Wow， the cabbage looks so good. Hey mister，give me one！” However， when people from the Northsee them， they say， “Wow， the cabbage looks so good.Hey mister， give me a cartload！”

這不是夸張，這是生動(dòng)寫實(shí)：立冬前后，北起黑龍江，南至大連，整個(gè)東北地區(qū)的人們開啟了囤菜模式。東北的冬季寒冷而漫長(zhǎng)，白菜耐儲(chǔ)存、味鮮甜，成為東北冬日里的“當(dāng)家菜”：拌菜里有它，炒菜里有它，燉菜里有它，腌漬的酸菜是它，包子、餃子餡兒里面還有它。鮮甜豐碩的白菜調(diào)劑了一整個(gè)漫長(zhǎng)單調(diào)的冬季。

This is no exaggeration， but a vivid depictionof reality. Before the beginning of winter， fromHeilongjiang in the north to Dalian in the south，people in the entire northeastern region enter the modeof stockpiling vegetables. The winter in NortheastChina is cold and long， and Chinese cabbage， whichcan be stored well and has a refreshing and sweet taste，becomes the “star vegetable”. It is found everywhere：in the cold dish of mixed shredded vegetables， in frieddishes， in stews， and as sour pickles. It is even used asstuthng for buns and dumplings. the fresh and plumpChinese cabbage gives the long and monotonouswinter a cheerful twist.

因而，有人調(diào)侃道：“南方人買菜買一頓，北方人買菜買一噸?！蓖ǔ?，人們?cè)诓耸袌?chǎng)采購(gòu)時(shí)，南北方通行的量詞有：

People jokingly say that while southerners buy by themeal， northerners buy by the ton. Here are some commonmeasure words used by both southerners and northernerswhen they make purchases at a market：

“只”，用來(lái)計(jì)量飛禽走獸，如“一只雞”；

， used to measure birds and animals， such as （one chicken）.

“條”，用來(lái)計(jì)量身體細(xì)長(zhǎng)的動(dòng)物，如“兩條魚”；

， used to measure long and slender animals， suchas （two thsh）.

“兩”，是重量單位，1 兩等于50 克，如“三兩肉”；

， a weight unit where 1 is equal to 50 grams，such as （150 grams of meat）.

“斤”，是重量單位，1 斤等于500 克，如“四斤排骨”；

， a weight unit where 1 is equal to 500 grams， suchas （2 kilograms of ribs）.

“公斤”，是重量單位，1 公斤等于1 000 克，如“五公斤土豆”。

， a weight unit where 1 is equal to 1000grams， such as （10 kilograms of potatoes）.

豪爽大氣、不拘小節(jié)，是東北人與生俱來(lái)的氣質(zhì)。這一點(diǎn)，不光在買白菜上，在買其他菜上，也體現(xiàn)得淋漓盡致。北方買菜，要么論斤，要么論捆，要么論袋，家里人口多的，還有論筐的。這讓南方人身處北方菜場(chǎng)，可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生一種錯(cuò)覺(jué)：人們不像是來(lái)買菜的，倒像是來(lái)進(jìn)貨的。

The people of Northeast China are known for theirinherent straightforwardness and for their unconcern abouttrivalities. Such a character can be seen not only when theypurchase Chinese cabbages， but also when they buy othervegetables. In the north， people weight their purchaseseither by ， or by （bundle）， or by （bag）. those whohave a large household even make their purchases by （basket）， and a large one. When southerners walk intoa northern vegetable market， they may have the illusionthat the people around are not shopping for groceries butstocking up to open a shop themselves.

結(jié)合圖表，一起來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)吧：

Let’s learn the measure words they respectively usewith the help of pictures：

在日常生活中，掌握精準(zhǔn)地道的量詞是很有必要的。For the convenience of daily life， it is essentialto learn the common measure words so that youcan express yourself accurately.

畢竟，沒(méi)有人能餓著肚、空著手，從琳瑯滿目、物美價(jià)廉、量大管飽的東北早市走出來(lái)。在東北人民熱情的吆喝聲中，又有誰(shuí)能拒絕這樣一場(chǎng)豐盛早市的誘惑呢？

After all， no one can leave a Northeasternmorning market with an empty stomach or twoempty hands. Here everything comes in abundanceand in great diversity， and at a reasonable price.The enthusiasm of the northeastern vendors，who are vigorously shouting to attract customers，is contagious. How can anyone resist such anortheastern morning market？

這個(gè)冬天，東北早市，等著你！

The morning market awaits. This winter， comeand visit！