巴普洛夫考古公園，捷克共和國

拉德科·克維特建筑事務(wù)所

項目合作者：Barbora Fi?erová,Ji?í Zrzavy,Luká? Gergela,Verena Dickmann,Ji?í Markevi?,Klára Michálková,Radek Sláde?ek,Lucie Surá,Richard Mátl,Renata Ko??álová,Pavel Hladík,Martin Luk?o,Ji?í Beránek,Kate?ina Stratilová,Zdeněk Fi?er,Vítězslav Valá?ek,Ji?í Sklená?,Ale? Rubina,Hana Dvo?áková,Radomír Kaisler,Saker Kalany,Václav Babka,Ludmila Plagová,Ji?í Matula,Jitka Krej?íková,Jaroslava Kone?ná

總建筑面積：1134m2

竣工時間：2016

攝影：Gabriel Dvo?ák，Ale? Le?atka

Project Cooperation: Barbora Fi?erová,Ji?í Zrzavy,Luká? Gergela,Verena Dickmann,Ji?í Markevi?,Klára Michálková,Radek Sláde?ek,Lucie Surá,Richard Mátl,Renata Ko??álová,Pavel Hladík,Martin Luk?o,Ji?í Beránek,Kate?ina Stratilová,Zdeněk Fi?er,Vítězslav Valá?ek,Ji?í Sklená?,Ale? Rubina,Hana Dvo?áková,Radomír Kaisler,Saker Kalany,Václav Babka,Ludmila Plagová,Ji?í Matula,Jitka Krej?íková,Jaroslava Kone?ná

Gross Built Area: 1134 m2

Completion Time: 2016

Photos: Gabriel Dvo?ák,Ale? Le?atka

幾十年來，在舊石器時代（猛犸象狩獵時期）定居點的挖掘工作中，出土了大量石器、骨器和藝術(shù)品，以及現(xiàn)代人類的骨骼遺骸。這使得巴甫洛夫和多爾尼-韋斯通尼采在世界主要的考古遺址名單中名列前茅。該遺址讓我們回想起上古時期，它既是世界文化遺產(chǎn)的一部分，也是當?shù)匚幕南笳餍越M成部分，從根本上形成了當?shù)鼐用衽c該地區(qū)之間的關(guān)系。遺址體現(xiàn)了當?shù)鼐用褚詾楹赖奈幕瘍r值觀，并確立了他們與地區(qū)的關(guān)系。

這座杰出而極具吸引力的建筑和展覽占地面積超過500m2，將當代視聽技術(shù)與傳統(tǒng)的博物館陳列相結(jié)合。該建筑可以使公眾了解到科學(xué)研究在這里發(fā)掘的最重要的發(fā)現(xiàn)。除了詳細介紹這些遺址的各種發(fā)掘歷史的照片和文件外，博物館還將展示實際發(fā)掘的物品，并解釋這些古代人的精神世界。博物館將特別強調(diào)狩獵活動、狩獵者的日常生活、藝術(shù)和喪葬儀式，以及他們生活的方方面面。

從更廣的城市角度考慮，考古公園的地理位置十分微妙。它位于村莊邊界和開闊鄉(xiāng)村的交界處，屬于帕拉瓦山令人印象深刻的風(fēng)景的一部分。公園的大部分建筑位于地下，只有白色混凝土塔樓露出地面。

建筑設(shè)計方案是基于場地的位置條件，依據(jù)3 個主要方面形成的：

（1）需要進行建設(shè)的場地是國家級文化遺址的一部分，因此施工范圍僅限于已進行考古發(fā)掘和研究的區(qū)域，唯一的例外是需要在原地展示的部分；

（2）假定考古發(fā)掘位于當前地下 4～5m 處；

（3）建設(shè)場地是景觀保護區(qū)的一部分。

基于這些方面，地下建筑的概念和“從綠色草地和葡萄園中突起的石灰?guī)r”這一松散的釋義應(yīng)運而生。主展區(qū)以及行政和社交區(qū)域都隱藏在山坡之中。天窗塔樓和圓錐形入口以及眺望德維基城堡和下方湖泊的瞭望臺，都向外部伸出，意圖讓人聯(lián)想到洞穴的形狀。在材料方面，建筑采用了最新的方法，用混凝土、橡木和玻璃來表現(xiàn)整體浮雕。

Over the decades,excavations at the complexes of Palaeolithic (the period of mammoth hunters) settlements have unearthed a huge number of stone and bone tools and artefacts,as well as the skeletal remains of anatomically modern humans.This puts Pavlov and Dolní Věstonice high on the list of the world's leading archaeological sites.The site reminds us of a past historic age and is both part of the universal cultural heritage and a symbolic integral element of the local culture,fundamentally forming a relationship between the local population and the region.It has embodied cultural values that the local population takes pride in and establishes their relation to the country.

This outstanding and attractive architecture and exhibition covers an area of more than 500 m2and combines contemporary audiovisual technology with traditional museum displays.It allows the public to become acquainted with the most important discoveries that scientific research has uncovered here.In addition to photographs and documents detailing the history of the various excavations at these sites,the museum will also display actual discoveries and explain the spiritual world of these ancient people.Special emphasis will be placed on topics such as hunting,the everyday life of hunters,their art,and their burial rituals,as well as other aspects of their world.

The Archeopark has a delicate location in the sense of broader urbanistic considerations.It is located on the border between the village boundary and the open countryside and forms part of the Pálava hills' impressive scenery.The majority of the construction is situated underground,with just the white concrete towers projecting above ground.

1 外景Exterior views

考古公園的入口區(qū)域由石籠墻和造型限定。該區(qū)域具有多功能性：除了入口功能，它也可用于露天活動，如作為戲劇表演的場地或者考古工作的背景。

這個露天景觀項目既滿足了該區(qū)域的空間和功能使用，又巧妙地為德文山下的風(fēng)景錦上添花。

The architectonic solution is based on the location's conditions and formed according to three main aspects:

(1) The construction site is part of a national cultural monument,limiting construction to the area already archaeologically excavated and researched,with the only exception being the ＂in situ＂ exposition.

(2) We assumed the archaeological excavations are located 4～5 metres under the current terrain.

(3) The construction site is part of a protected landscape area (PLA).

Based on these aspects,the concept of an underground construction arose together with the loose paraphrase of ＂limestone rocks standing out from green meadows and vineyards＂.

The main exhibition area-as well as the administrative,technical and social areas-is hidden in the hillside.The skylight tower projects to the exterior,as does the conical entrance and the look-outs to Děvi?ky and the lake below.The intention is for the building to be reminiscent of the shape of a cave.Regarding the materials,up-to-date means are used to express monolithic reliefs with concrete,oak wood and glass.

The entrance area is defined by gabion walls and forms when entering the Archeopark.This zone is multifunctional: it could also be used for open-air activities,such as theatre performances or as a further background for archaeological works.

This open-air landscape project accommodates spatial and functional use of the area while subtly contributing to the scenery under the Děvín hill.

3 總平面Site plan

4 首層平面Ground floor plan

5-7 剖面Sections

8.9 外景Exterior views

11 內(nèi)景Interior views

12 內(nèi)景Interior views

13 內(nèi)景Interior views

14.15 剖面大樣Section detail