Module 1 Basketball

詞匯短語園地

1. defend? ?v.? ?防守，防御，保衛(wèi)；辯解

Troops have been sent to defend the borders.

軍隊已被派出去守衛(wèi)邊疆。

How can you defend such behavior？

你怎能為這種行為辯解呢？

搭配：

defend sb/sth against sb/sth? ?保護某人/某物不受某人/某物的傷害

All officers are trained to defend themselves against knife attacks.

所有警察都接受過防御訓(xùn)練以對付持刀襲擊。

defence? ?n.? ?保衛(wèi)，防御；辯護，防守

At least， for that， his defence team should be grateful.

至少對于這一點，他的辯護團應(yīng)心存感激。

2. attend? ?v.? ?上（學(xué)）；出席，參加；照料

She is so sick that she can’t attend a class.

她病得太嚴重而不能上課。

It is necessary for you to attend the meeting.

你有必要參加這次會議。

She was constantly attended by her sister.

她經(jīng)常由她姐姐照料著。

attend on/upon? ?伺候，照料

attend to? ?處理；照料；注意（聽）

I have some urgent business to attend to.

我有一些急事要處理。

3.various? ?adj.? ?各種各樣的，各種不同的；若干

There are various ways of doing this work.

做這項工作的方法有很多種。

Various people said they’d seen the accident.

很多人說他們目睹了這次事故。

variety? ?n.? ?各式各樣的事物；變化，多樣化；種類，品種

Everyone arrived late at the party for a variety of reasons.

參加聚會的人因為種種原因而遲到。

4. immediate? ?adj.? ?立刻的，即刻的；直接的

This work demands your immediate attention.

這項工作需要你立即引起重視。

The immediate cause of the fire is unknown.

造成火災(zāi)的直接原因不明。

immediately? ?adv.? ?立即地，馬上

conj.? ?一……就……

I came immediately after I had eaten.

我一吃完飯就過來了。

5. deserve? ?v.? ?應(yīng)得，值得；應(yīng)受

You deserve a good rest after all that hard work.

辛苦那么久，你該好好休息一下了。

If the little boy really lied， he deserved punishment.

如果那個小男孩真的撒謊了，那他應(yīng)該受到懲罰。

搭配：

（sb） deserve to do （sth）（某人）應(yīng)做（某事）

Everyone deserves to have a chance in life.

每個人在人生當中都應(yīng)得到一次機會。

6. rely? ?v.? ?信任，信賴；依賴，依靠

You can rely on me to keep your secret.

你可以相信我會替你保守秘密。

These days people rely heavily on computers to finish work.

現(xiàn)今，人們很大程度上依賴電腦來完成工作。

Rely on me/my doing it.

放心好了，我會做那件事。

commitment? ?n.? ?承諾，諾言；忠誠，支持

Our company has a commitment to quality and customer service.

我們公司對質(zhì)量和客戶服務(wù)做出承諾。

7.confirm? ?v.（尤指通過提供更多證據(jù)）證實，進一步確定；批準，確認

The expression on her face confirmed our worst fears.

她臉上的表情證明我們最擔(dān)心的事情發(fā)生了。

8. There is no doubt that? ?毫無疑問……

There is no doubt that we did the right thing.

毫無疑問我們做對了。

There is no doubt that she will call us when she gets there.

她到達那兒的時候必定會給我們打電話。

（1） There is no possibility that? ?沒有……的可能性

There is no possibility that she will be lost.

她不可能會迷路。

（2） It is no wonder that? ?難怪……

It is no wonder that you’ve got a headache when you drank so much last night.

昨晚你喝了那么多酒，難怪你頭痛。

9. if necessary? ?如果有必要的話

If necessary （=If it is necessary）， you can use my car.

必要的話，你可以用我的車。

You may refer the matter to him if necessary （=if it is necessary）.

必要的話，你可以把這件事委托給他。

“if+形容詞”是“if （it is/was） + 形容詞”省略it is/was的形式；if necessary為if it is necessary的省略句形式。if后還可跟possible，ready等。

If possible （=If it is possible）， let me know beforehand.

如果可能，事先讓我知道。

Send the goods now if ready （=if it is ready）.

貨物如已備好，請立即送來。

10.be used to （sth/doing sth）? ?習(xí)慣于（某

事/做某事）

We are used to the noise from the traffic now.

現(xiàn)在我們已經(jīng)適應(yīng)車輛往來的噪聲了。

I found the job tiring at first but soon I was used to it.

起初我覺得這份工作很辛苦，但很快就習(xí)慣了。

辨析：比較be used to和used to

be used to sth/doing sth指某人習(xí)慣、適應(yīng)于某事/做某事，可與get used to sth/doing sth互換。

I’m not used to eating so much at lunch time.

我不習(xí)慣午飯吃那么多。

used to指過去常常做某事而現(xiàn)在不再做某事。

I used to smoke， but I gave up a couple of years ago.

我以前要抽煙，但幾年前戒掉了。

幽默小故事

Who Discovered America？

Teacher： Pappu， go to the map and find North America.

Pappu： Here it is！

Teacher： Correct. Now， class， who discovered America？

Class： Pappu！

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（一）

閱讀理解

A lot of people treat skydiving （跳傘） as a sport just for fun. Can you imagine why someone is brave and crazy enough to do this？

Skydiving is a sport that can be extremely exciting. However， each dive is marked with potential danger that makes this sport more challenging and fascinating than any other sport. Bear in mind that skydiving is an extreme sport and it is not for everyone. If you are afraid of height， then forget skydiving and try something else.

When a skydiver first jumps out of the plane， he will experience a feeling of downward falling.The feeling will continue until he reaches the terminal （終極的） speed which is around 120 mph.Generally this feeling will disappear because the diver is no longer increasing in speed. Most skydivers make their first jump with an experienced and trained instructor.

Taking skydiving is like flying. Some people are fascinated with the science of skydiving that enables them to actually control their movement while falling towards earth at speeds up to 120 mph， and then gracefully float onto the ground like a butterfly. Skydiving can be thrilling and give you a sense of excitement like no other sport. People may get obsessed to the excitement after taking that first step out of the plane and into the air.

Once you have had the experience of flying through the clouds and seeing the whole views of the landscape far below， you will never want to stop skydiving. People who skydive often speak of the beauty and the feeling of floating through the air and clouds. Skydiving is an experience that you can share with friends and family.

1. What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us about skydiving？

A. It is thrilling. B. It is exciting.

C. It has potential danger. D. It should be avoided.

2. When reaching the terminal speed， a skydiver feels _____ .

A. no downward falling B. himself falling faster and faster

C. extremely afraid D. as if he were flying like a butterfly

3. What does the underlined word “obsessed” in Paragraph 4 probably mean？

A. Addicted. B. Surprised.

C. Bored. D. Disappointed.

4. What does the text mainly talk about？

A. The skills of skydiving. B. The meaning of skydiving.

C. The safety measures in skydiving. D. The reason why people like skydiving.

閱讀七選五

Swimming is a fitness sport suitable for both the young and the old. Thanks to the indoor swimming pools， swimming is no longer just a summer activity. But if you bring small kids to the swimming pool， you have to take a few safety measures. 1 Do remember these tips and drowning is always preventable.

First of all， you should keep a close watch when small kids are swimming. A small child can drown in as little as a few inches of water. Many people believe that they will hear a splashing sound? or a cry for help. 2

In addition， children should be told to strictly follow the rules posted at public pools. Many kids feel excited near the swimming area and they happily run and jump with joy. But it’s always wet and slippery around the pool. 3 Therefore， they should not be allowed to run in any situation.

4 Kids can start swimming lessons at around four years old. So send the child for swimming lessons before taking him or her for a swim. Even if the child knows swimming， a very young child should be kept within an arm’s length.

Safety equipment should be available in a visible spot nearby. If you are in a larger pool， a rescue pole is also a good thing to have on hand. 5 You should only use flotation devices labeled “Coast Guard Approved”.

A. But most of the time there is no sound at all.

B. Never rely on floaters， water wings or inner tubes.

C. The area around the pool should be well cleaned after each use.

D. Keep an eye on kids if they’re swimming in the deep water area.

E. Kids can easily fall down if they don’t walk gently and carefully.

F. Here are some tips for keeping small kids safe in a swimming pool.

G. Children should be allowed to enter the pool only if they have learned swimming.

1. ________?2. ________? 3. ________? 4. ________? 5. ________

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（二）

完形填空

If you asked high school girls to name their favorite sports， most would probably say basketball or volleyball. I happened to be one of the few girls who would 1 ： surfing. But isn’t that a boy thing？ Some people may 2 . Most certainly not.

I started surfing about five years ago and fell in love with the 3 on the very first day. Riding that first 4 was the best feeling I had ever experienced.

When I try to 5 surfing with other things， I find it very difficult because， in my 6 ， there’s nothing like it. It involves body， 7 ， and soul. There’s sand between my toes and cool salt water all 8 us. The feeling I get when I’m surfing across that 9 ， becoming one with the 10 ， is like I’m weightless.

The one thing I can 11 from surfing and not any other sport is endless challenge. You can never be the “best surfer” because the ocean 12 an uncountable variety of waves that nobody can ever master. The variations of surfing 13 are wonderful. Some surfers are 14 and flowing; others are very aggressive and sharp. All of these things attract me to surfing and make it 15 from any other sport.

I’ve 16 to tell every girl I know to do something that people don’t think girls can do. It’s part of being human to advance to new 17 ， so shouldn’t it be expected that girls should step up and start 18 the limits of things boys and men used to dominate？

There’re women 19 side by side with the President of our country， so why not be side by side with the boys on the football team or out in the water surfing？ Give girls a chance to 20 ， and they will.

1. A. love B. answer C. know D. realize

2. A. wonder B. understand C. reply D. believe

3. A. game B. play C. idea D. sport

4. A. wave B. storm C. sail D. boat

5. A. combine B. connect C. compare D. enjoy

6. A. work B. study C. holiday D. life

7. A. mind B. effort C. health D. time

8. A. along B. above C. around D. by

9. A. beach B. water C. board D. lake

10. A. sky B. world C. earth D. ocean

11. A. take B. get C. make D. keep

12. A. catches B. includes C. offers D. collects

13. A. habits B. behaviors C. styles D. movements

14. A. free B. great C. hard D. lucky

15. A. easy B. usual C. far D. different

16. A. chosen B. tried C. learned D. promised

17. A. levels B. points C. steps D. parts

18. A. reaching B. accepting C. pushing D. setting

19. A. sitting B. walking C. fighting D. working

20. A. think B. succeed C. perform D. compete

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（三）

閱讀理解

A

In addition to the official basketball world， various other types of basketball are practised around the world.

Wheelchair Basketball

Wheelchair Basketball was invented in 1946 by former American basketball players， who， after wartime injury， wanted once again to experience the excitement of a highly athletic sport within a team environment. It is now played in more than 80 countries by over 25，000 men， women and children with a physical disability which prevents them from playing competitive basketball on their feet.

http：//www.iwbf.org

Beach Basketball

Beach Basketball is an exciting， non-stop action game played in the sand. The game was born more than four decades ago on the physical education fields of Gulf Shores School. This kind of basketball， invented by Philip Bryant， has grown from an extremely effective skill improvement game， to a very popular， widespread competitive sport.

http：//www.beachbasketball.com

http：//streetball.com

Deaf Basketball

Basketball for the deaf men and women has been played since the early 1920s. The game today has exactly the same rules as FIBA （Fédération Internationale de Basketball）.

http：//www.dibf.org

Bankshot Basketball

Bankshot is a new game of skill and challenge that is often described as “mini golf， but with a basketball”. Bankshot is the only sports system that allows the able-bodied and athletes with a disability to play together at the same time. This game involves no running， jumping， or body contact and relies on the shooting skill.

http：//www.bankshot.com

1. What kind of basketball has the longest history？

A. Bankshot Basketball. B. Deaf Basketball.

C. Wheelchair Basketball. D. Beach Basketball.

2. If you want to play basketball in the sand， you can visit _____ .

A. http：//www.iwbf.org B. http：//www.beachbasketball.com

C. http：//www.dibf.org D. http：//www.bankshot.com

3. What kind of basketball allows both normal and disabled players to play together？

A. Deaf Basketball. B. Beach Basketball.

C. Bankshot Basketball. D. Wheelchair Basketball.

B

Sports can help you keep fit and get in touch with nature. However， whether you are on the mountains， in the waves， or on the grassland， you should be aware that your choice of sport might have great influence on the environment.

Some sports are resource-hungry. Golf， as you may know， eats up not only large areas of countryside， but also tons of water. Besides， all sorts of chemicals and huge amounts of energy are used to keep its courses （高爾夫球場） in good condition. This causes major environmental effects. For example， in the dry regions of Portugal and Spain， golf is often held responsible for serious water shortages in some local areas.

In fact， there are many environment-friendly sports. Power walking is one of them that you could take up today. You don’t need any special equipment except a pair of good shoes， and you don’t have to worry about resources and your purse. Simple and free， power walking can also keep you fit. If you can walk regularly， it will be good for your heart and bones. Experts say that 20 minutes of power walking daily can make you feel less anxious， sleep well and control your weight better.

Whatever sport you take up， you can make it greener by using environment-friendly equipment and buying products made from recycled materials. But the final goal should be “green gyms”. They are better replacements for traditional health clubs and modern sports centers. Members of green gyms play sports outdoors， in the countryside or other open spaces. There is no special requirement for you to start your membership. And best of all， it’s free.

4. What can we learn about golf from the text？

A. People in Spain prefer it to other sports.

B. It causes water shortages around the world.

C. It pollutes the earth with chemicals and waste.

D. It needs water and energy to keep its courses green.

5. What does the author think of power walking？

A. It wastes money. B. It’s an indoor sport.

C. It’s environmentally friendly. D. It can help you lose weight quicky.

6. What is the author most probably in favor of？

A. Cycling around a lake. B. Motor-racing in the desert.

C. Playing basketball in a gym. D. Swimming in a sports center.

7. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text？

A. To show us the function of major sports.

B. To encourage us to go in for green sports.

C. To discuss the major influence of popular sports.

D. To introduce different types of environment friendly sports.

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（四）

完形填空

Here are two examples of people who took everyday problems and turned them around through laughter and play.

Roy， a semi-retired businessman， was 1 to finally have time to play golf， his favorite sport. But the more he played， the less he 2 himself. Although his game had improved dramatically， he got 3 with himself over every mistake. Roy 4 realized that his golfing friends 5 his attitude， so he stopped playing with people who took the game too 6 . When he played with friends who focused more on having fun than on their 7 ， he was less critical of himself. Now golfing was as 8 as Roy hoped it would be. He scored better without working harder. He was getting more active 9 from his companions and the game 10 to other parts of his life， including his work.

Jane worked at home 11 greeting cards， a job she used to love， but now she felt it had become 12 . Two little girls who loved to draw and 13 lived next door. Eventually， Jane invited the girls in to play with all the art things she had. At first， she just 14 ， but in time she joined in. Laughing， coloring， and playing with the little girls 15 Jane’s life. Not only did playing with them end her 16 and mild boredom， but also it 17 her imagination and helped her with works.

As laughter， humor and play become part of your life， so new 18 for playing with friends， co-workers， acquaintances and loved ones will occur to you 19 . Humor takes you to a higher place where you can view the world from a more 20 ， positive， creative， joyful and balanced perspective （視角） .

1. A. excited B. disappointed C. surprised D. lucky

2. A. encouraged B. enjoyed C. praised D. expressed

3. A. bored B. satisfied C. careful D. angry

4. A. never B. almost C. similarly D. wisely

5. A. objected B. supported C. affected D. understood

6. A. seriously B. coldly C. carelessly D. lightly

7. A. movement B. scores C. appearances D. study

8. A. challenging B. simple C. pleasant D. hard

9. A. appreciation B. application C. influence D. comment

10. A. adapted B. stuck C. spread D. kept

11. A. designing B. offering C. selling D. writing

12. A. valuable B. routine C. interesting D. favorite

13. A. paint B. shop C. drink D. skate

14. A. stood B. rested C. watched D. waited

15. A. accelerated B. destroyed C. troubled D. changed

16. A. ability B. loneliness C. illness D. job

17. A. called B. obtained C. deserved D. fired

18. A. tasks B. discoveries C. rules D. concerns

19. A. skillfully B. publicly C. fluently D. daily

20. A. relaxed B. formal C. standard D. normal

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（五）

閱讀理解

The latest sports craze is not even a sport. According to an article， “e-sports” are attracting a large number of audience.

In e-sports， players and teams compete in popular video computer games such as Dota 2 and Ovenwatch. Fans fill arenas （競技場） to watch the action live on huge television screens.

The games have gone way past kids playing against each other while sitting on a sofa at home. The International， a major competition for players of Dota 2， awarded $24 million in prizes， with the winner taking home almost $11 million. A recent e-sports competition attracted more than 80，000 fans to the Olympic Stadium in Beijing， China.

I have to admit that I am not a big fan of computer games. I know that some games can be educational， but I think too many kids spend too much time sitting in front of a screen shooting space aliens. I think it would be better if kids spent more time reading or playing real sports such as basketball， baseball and soccer.

And please don’t tell me that competitive gaming is real sport because it requires hand-eye coordination. According to my American Heritage Dictionary， a sport is “an activity involving physical exertion and skill”. I don’t think anyone works up much of a sweat playing video games.

Too often， regular sports send kids a kind of message. Competition starts early， when lots of kids are not ready for the ups and downs of games. Tryouts and travel teams come next， giving too many kids the message they are “not good” at sports. So lots of kids quit sports and start playing more video games.

Maybe everyone in youth sports， including coaches， parents and kids， should think more about the advantages of real sports.

1. What are “e-sports” according to the text？

A. The latest sports in the Olympic Games. B. Video computer game competitions.

C. Sports events on television screens. D. Easy sports games for kids.

2. What is the author’s idea about “e-sports” according to Paragraph 4？

A. They are not instructive. B. They should be banned in school.

C. They need too much time and money. D. They have some negative influence on children.

3. What does the underlined word “exertion” in Paragraph 5 probably mean？

A. Growth. B. Fitness. C. Effort. D. Energy.

4. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text？

A. To introduce a new kind of sport.

B. To introduce a competition held in Beijing.

C. To explain the importance of playing sports.

D. To call on people to pay more attention to traditional sports.

語法填空

A farm in England has started to conduct cow yoga （瑜伽） classes to help improve fitness， 1 might seem strange to you.

The class， 2 （hold） on the farm， gives people a chance to enjoy exercising 3 （outdoor） with cows. Animals 4 （think） to be able to help lower the level of stress.

The cows live at Paradise Farm in Lancashire. They also get special 5 （treat）. When they’re not helping during a yoga class， the cows are kept entertained with music by 6 （artist） from Mozart to Madonna. The cows even get to rest on individual mattresses （床墊）.

7 recent study showed that UK adults spent 40% of their hours awake 8 （watch） television. Furthermore， the amount of physical activity people took part 9 between March and June during the pandemic （大流行?。?dropped by over a quarter.

Azhar Zoug， managing director at Lancashire Farm Dairies， said， “Yoga is the perfect activity to get the public moving. 10 （good） of all， it’s a great way to enjoy the countryside and walk with these wonderful animals.”

1. _____________?2. ____________ 3. ____________ 4. ____________ 5. ____________

6. ____________ 7. ____________ 8. ____________ 9. ____________ 10. ____________

短文改錯

The old saying “The early bird catches the worm.” show us the importance of planning， working hard and trying constant. To achieve outstanding results， most people must plan ahead and work hard to overcome all kind of difficulties.

That has been my own experience， either. When I first started high school， I seldom passed my exams， so I never prepared well. Later， my teacher， Mrs Rumbold， advised me plan everything in the advance. He asked me to study hard as well. After a year of putting her advice onto practice， I can now easily pass all my exams. There are no shortcuts to succeed.

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（六）

語法填空

Our bodies can be younger or older than our actual age 1 （depend） upon diet， lifestyle choices and physical activity. This is called biological （生理的） age， 2 could be different from the age on your driver’s license， which 3 （call） chronological （時間的） age. A recent study of over 900 adults who were tracked for 12 years， from ages 26—38， 4 （show） that people who were aging faster， meaning that their biological age was higher than 5 chronological age， were not as healthy or 6 （physical） fit. This group was also more likely 7 （have） cognitive decline （認知衰退） and was at a 8 （great） risk for age-related health conditions.

A growing body of research proves that the keys to aging successfully are a 9 （combine） of exercising regularly， keeping busy with life， and having a healthy diet with nutritious foods. These three key elements could contribute 10 aging gracefully， and successfully， too.

1. _____________?2.?____________?3.?____________?4. ____________?5.?____________

6.?____________?7.?____________?8.?____________?9.?____________ 10.?____________

書面表達

假設(shè)你是李華，本周六你市體育館內(nèi)將舉行一場太極拳表演賽。你的好友，英國交換生Jack對中國武術(shù)很感興趣。請你根據(jù)提示，寫一封郵件邀請他前往觀看。內(nèi)容包括：

1﹒說明緣由；

2﹒時間地點；

3﹒表達希望。

注意：

1﹒詞數(shù)100左右（郵件的開頭與結(jié)尾已為你寫好，不計入總詞數(shù)）；

2﹒可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

Dear Jack，

There will be a China International Tai Chi Performance Competition in our city.

__________________________________________

Yours，

Li Hua

背景大鏈接

English Sports

英國的體育運動

Many international sports were promoted by the British who take their leisure time very seriously. There is widespread participation in sport in Britain.

許多國際體育項目是由認真對待休閑時間的英國人推廣開來的。在英國，人們廣泛參與體育活動。

1. Football （or “soccer” as it is colloquially called）， the most popular sport in England as well as in Europe， has its traditional home in England where it was developed in the 19th century.

足球（口語稱為“soccer”）在英格蘭和整個歐洲是最受歡迎的運動。其傳統(tǒng)發(fā)源地在英格蘭，是在19世紀發(fā)展起來的。

2. The game “Rugby” was invented at Rugby School in Warwich shire in the early 19th century.

英式橄欖球比賽在19世紀初開始于沃爾威克郡的拉格比學(xué)校。

3. Cricket， the most typical English sports， has been in existence since the 16th century， whose international level is 5-day Cornhill Test Matches.

板球是最典型的英國體育項目，從16世紀起就已經(jīng)存在；國際比賽是為期5天的康希爾決賽。

4. Although tennis has been played for centuries， the modern game originated in England in the late 19th century. The main tournament is the annual Wimbledon fortnight， one of the four tennis “Grand Slam” tournaments.

盡管網(wǎng)球已打了好幾個世紀，但現(xiàn)代比賽卻起源于19世紀末的英格蘭。主要比賽是一年一度的溫布爾登兩周賽，這是網(wǎng)球“大滿貫”聯(lián)賽（四大賽事）之一。

5. There is a considerable participation of athletics in Britain. For example， the London Marathon， which takes place every spring.

在英國有許多人參加田徑運動。例如，每年春季舉行的倫敦馬拉松比賽。

6. The home of golf is Scotland where the game has been played since the 17th century and naturally the oldest golf club in the world is there： The Honourable Company of Edinburgh Golfers. The Walker Cup for amateurs and the Ryder Cup for professionals.

高爾夫球的故鄉(xiāng)是蘇格蘭，自從17世紀以來這項運動就在那里盛行。全世界最古老的高爾夫俱樂部也在那里：愛丁堡高爾夫球會員榮譽公司。業(yè)余球員參加沃克杯賽，而職業(yè)球員參加萊德杯賽。