服務(wù)業(yè)擴(kuò)大開放綜合試點(diǎn)一周年“重慶經(jīng)驗(yàn)”實(shí)現(xiàn)良好開局

楊艷

The First Anniversary of Comprehensive Pilot Programs to Further Open Up the Service Sector

The “Chongqing Experience”， A Promising Start

Among the five provinces/cities launching comprehensive pilot programs to further open up the service sector， Chongqing is the only one in central and western China. Since the approval in April 2021， Chongqing， centering on the 86 tasks of the Overall Plan， has focused on building a pioneering zone for the development of the modern service sector in inland China， enhanced the top-level design and system integration， and firmly promoted the opening-up of key areas of the services sector.

After a year of innovative practice and reform， how was the implementation？ What are the highlights？ And what is the “Chongqing Experience”？

On May 17th， at the press conference on the 1st anniversary of Chongqing’s comprehensive pilot programs to further open up the service sector， Zhang Yongwu， Director-General and Secretary of the Leading Party Members Group of the Chongqing Municipal Commission of Commerce， briefed Chongqing’s remarkable achievements made in the opening-up of the service sector over the last year： 1） among the 86 tasks of the Overall Plan approved by the State Council， 69 have been carried out， accounting for 80.2%; 2） more than 40 pioneering and differentiated reforms have been conducted; 3） 356 modern service projects have been launched; 4） 55 supporting policies for the trails have been introduced.

The Implementation of the 69 Tasks of the Overall Plan

In the opening-up of key areas， based on local characteristics， Chongqing focuses on science and technology， commerce， education， finance， healthcare， electricity， telecommunication， etc. to empower the high-quality development of the service sector citywide. The programs include conferring the ownership or rights of long-term use of job-related scientific and technological achievements on scientific researchers， as well as a number of pioneering and differentiated pilot programs， such as the “Sci-Tech Cross-Border Loans” and the “Exchange Guarantee”， which have yielded fruitful results with innovative cases， enterprises that launched projects， and effective reforms. The pilot program for imported goods exhibition and trade was also launched.

In terms of optimizing the business environment， Chongqing has aligned itself with high-standard international economic and trade rules， broadened market access， reformed regulation models， and strengthened guarantee for market factors， continuously optimizing the business environment that is market-oriented， law-based， and internationalized. Specific measures include： 1） implementing the negative list of market access across the board to facilitate investment and trade services; 2） establishing the Western China Data Exchange and introducing data regulations to reinforce the protection of data and intellectual property rights; 3） setting up a “fast track” for people-to-people exchange for Chinese and international personnel and building the Chongqing Talent Service Hub to guarantee the support of human resources.

Chongqing has also actively engaged in and served major national strategies. A number of demonstration zones， parks， and projects have been built， creating a pattern with distinctive features that support the opening-up and development of the service sector， striving to lead all-round opening-up and innovation-driven development of the service sector. Based on fully carrying out the 86 tasks of the Overall Plan， the city proper of Chongqing has put forward over 60 featured innovation reform tasks and launched 37 innovation cases including the public service platform of intellectual property rights， “One Code for All” for businesses， and risk classification and supervision of market entities.

“After the approval by the Central Government， the pilot programs went well in the first year， indicating a promising start. As we are entering the second year， we need to further strengthen our efforts for better results by fully implementing all 86 pilot projects and delivering a number of demonstrative cases of policy innovation to land more projects in Chongqing”， said Zhang. Chongqing will speed up efforts to build a pioneering zone for the development of the modern service sector in inland China and facilitate greater opening-up， for a sustained and healthy socio-economic development in Chongqing.

In-depth Implementation of the Comprehensive Pilot Programs to Further Open Up the Service Sector

According to Zhang， a three-year comprehensive trial to further open up the service sector was launched with three phases： a promising start in the first year， a good momentum in the second， and achievements in the last.

In the second year， Chongqing will， centering on the goal of building “a pioneering zone of the development of the modern service sector in inland China”， fully implement and fulfill the tasks of the comprehensive trial， facilitate institutional reforms， and the launching of projects. A new landscape of open development of the service sector will be formed at a faster pace. More specifically， efforts will be intensified in the following four aspects：

1.Optimizing the business environment and building an international-standard economic and trade pilot zone.

A business environment that is market-oriented， law-based， and internationalized is the foundation， guaranteeing the openness of the service sector. Chongqing will， keeping in line with the high-standard international economic and trade rules， explore a new pattern to administer the negative lists of trade in services and carry out trails of policies in fields such as cross-border data mobility， multimodal transport， and intellectual property rights to develop innovative ways that are applicable to more fields.

2.Promoting the mobility of high-end resources and developing a cluster of modern services.

We will promote the integrated development of manufacturing and producer services， improve the policy system of the modern service sector， and deepen reforms to streamline administration， delegate power， improve regulation and upgrade services in terms of mutual recognition of cross-border professional qualifications， the approval for contents and locations of online games， and the approval for investments. With these efforts， we will keep improving services and continue to facilitate investments and trade.

3.Promoting innovation of institutions and mechanisms and building a demonstration zone for the development of the modern service sector in inland China.

We will promote openness in key areas， proactively deepen reforms and seek innovations in many sectors including finance， science and technology， digital trade， education， and medical care， thus making more innovative and differentiated achievements， launching more pragmatic projects， and delivering better services.

4.Facilitating all-round opening-up in Chongqing and speeding up efforts to become an inland opening-up pioneer.

Chongqing will redouble efforts to lead the Belt and Road cooperation， and give full play to its channels and platforms to strengthen the openness and cooperation in the service sector including logistics and finance of countries along the BRI. Efforts will be intensified to facilitate the coordinated opening-up in the Chengdu-Chongqing Twin-Hub Mega-Region， and advance the development， transformation， and upgrading of modern services in neighboring regions. We will implement a category-based all-round opening-up， making the metropolitan area of Chongqing the major player in the open development of modern services surrounding high-end services and producer services. Additionally， in the urban clusters of the Three Gorges Reservoir in northeast Chongqing and the Wuling Mountain Area in southeast Chongqing， we will add momentum to the local featured industries such as commerce， culture， and tourism by expanding openness in services. A new all-round and differentiated opening-up pattern will be established by taking the abovementioned steps.

Photo/Municipal Commission of Commerce， Western （Chongqing） Science City Administration

作為全國五個(gè)之一、中西部唯一開展綜合試點(diǎn)的省市，重慶自去年4月綜合試點(diǎn)獲批以來，圍繞總體方案86項(xiàng)試點(diǎn)任務(wù)，聚焦內(nèi)陸現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)發(fā)展先行區(qū)建設(shè)，強(qiáng)化頂層設(shè)計(jì)、系統(tǒng)集成，扎實(shí)推進(jìn)服務(wù)業(yè)重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域開放。

經(jīng)過一年創(chuàng)新實(shí)踐和改革探索，重慶實(shí)施得如何？有哪些亮點(diǎn)？形成了哪些“重慶經(jīng)驗(yàn)”？

5月17日，重慶市服務(wù)業(yè)擴(kuò)大開放綜合試點(diǎn)一周年新聞發(fā)布會上，市商務(wù)委黨組書記、主任章勇武介紹了一年來重慶服務(wù)業(yè)擴(kuò)大開放取得的顯著成效：國務(wù)院批復(fù)的試點(diǎn)總體方案86項(xiàng)任務(wù)已實(shí)施69項(xiàng)，實(shí)施率80.2%，開展首創(chuàng)性差異化改革探索40余項(xiàng)，356個(gè)現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)項(xiàng)目落地，出臺試點(diǎn)配套政策文件55個(gè)。

總體方案任務(wù)已實(shí)施69項(xiàng)

在聚焦重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域開放方面，立足重慶特色，聚焦科技、商業(yè)、教育、金融、健康醫(yī)療、電力電信等重點(diǎn)行業(yè)領(lǐng)域服務(wù)業(yè)擴(kuò)大開放，賦能全市服務(wù)業(yè)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展。包括開展賦予科研人員職務(wù)科技成果所有權(quán)或長期使用權(quán)試點(diǎn)，實(shí)現(xiàn)“科技跨境貸”“匯保通”等一批見創(chuàng)新案例、見項(xiàng)目企業(yè)、見改革效果的首創(chuàng)性差異化試點(diǎn)成果，開展進(jìn)口商品展示交易創(chuàng)新試點(diǎn)等。

在聚焦環(huán)境優(yōu)化方面，對標(biāo)高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)國際經(jīng)貿(mào)規(guī)則，放寬市場準(zhǔn)入，改革監(jiān)管模式，強(qiáng)化要素保障，市場化、法治化、國際化營商環(huán)境持續(xù)優(yōu)化。全面實(shí)施市場準(zhǔn)入負(fù)面清單制度，優(yōu)化貿(mào)易投資便利化服務(wù);成立西部數(shù)據(jù)交易中心、出臺數(shù)據(jù)條例，強(qiáng)化數(shù)據(jù)和知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù);設(shè)立中外人員往來“快捷通道”，建設(shè)重慶英才服務(wù)港，強(qiáng)化人才保障。

在聚焦示范引領(lǐng)方面，重慶主動(dòng)融入和服務(wù)國家重大戰(zhàn)略，培育建設(shè)一批示范區(qū)、示范園、示范項(xiàng)目，打造特色明顯、多點(diǎn)支撐的服務(wù)業(yè)開放發(fā)展空間格局，努力在全方位開放和服務(wù)業(yè)創(chuàng)新發(fā)展中發(fā)揮示范帶動(dòng)作用。中心城區(qū)各區(qū)在全面落實(shí)綜合試點(diǎn)總體方案86項(xiàng)任務(wù)的基礎(chǔ)上，提出60余項(xiàng)特色創(chuàng)新改革任務(wù)，共形成知識產(chǎn)權(quán)運(yùn)營公共服務(wù)平臺、“一碼通行”模式、市場主體風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分級分類監(jiān)管等37個(gè)創(chuàng)新案例。

“試點(diǎn)獲批一年來，我們實(shí)現(xiàn)了良好開局。試點(diǎn)第二年要更見成效，推動(dòng)86條試點(diǎn)任務(wù)全面落實(shí)，形成一批制度創(chuàng)新成果案例，推動(dòng)更多示范帶動(dòng)項(xiàng)目落地?！闭掠挛湔f，重慶將加快打造內(nèi)陸現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)發(fā)展先行區(qū)，助推內(nèi)陸開放高地建設(shè)，更好服務(wù)全市經(jīng)濟(jì)社會持續(xù)健康發(fā)展。

深化服務(wù)業(yè)擴(kuò)大開放綜合試點(diǎn)成果

章勇武介紹，服務(wù)業(yè)擴(kuò)大開放綜合試點(diǎn)為期三年，一年起步，兩年見成效，三年出成果。

試點(diǎn)第二年重慶將緊緊圍繞“打造內(nèi)陸現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)發(fā)展先行區(qū)”這一目標(biāo)，全面推動(dòng)綜合試點(diǎn)任務(wù)落實(shí)、制度創(chuàng)新和項(xiàng)目落地，加快形成服務(wù)業(yè)開放發(fā)展新格局。其中，將在四個(gè)方面深化試點(diǎn)成果。

一是優(yōu)化營商環(huán)境，建設(shè)對標(biāo)國際經(jīng)貿(mào)規(guī)則先行區(qū)。市場化、法治化、國際化的營商環(huán)境，是服務(wù)業(yè)開放的根本保障，重慶將對標(biāo)高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)國際經(jīng)貿(mào)規(guī)則，探索實(shí)施服務(wù)貿(mào)易負(fù)面清單管理模式，在數(shù)據(jù)跨境流動(dòng)、多式聯(lián)運(yùn)、知識產(chǎn)權(quán)等規(guī)則方面先行先試，探索形成更多可復(fù)制可推廣的創(chuàng)新做法。

二是推動(dòng)高端資源要素流動(dòng)，打造現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)集聚高地。推動(dòng)制造業(yè)與生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)融合發(fā)展，完善現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)發(fā)展政策體系，在跨境人才職業(yè)資質(zhì)互認(rèn)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲內(nèi)容屬地審核、投資項(xiàng)目審批等方面深化“放管服”改革，不斷提升服務(wù)效能，促進(jìn)投資貿(mào)易便利化。

三是推動(dòng)體制機(jī)制創(chuàng)新，建設(shè)內(nèi)陸服務(wù)業(yè)改革創(chuàng)新示范區(qū)。推動(dòng)重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域開放，積極探索金融、科技、數(shù)字貿(mào)易、教育、醫(yī)療等領(lǐng)域深化改革創(chuàng)新，形成更多首創(chuàng)性差異化改革成果，落地更多項(xiàng)目成果和優(yōu)質(zhì)服務(wù)。

四是推動(dòng)全方位開放，加快建設(shè)內(nèi)陸開放高地。圍繞在共建“一帶一路”中發(fā)揮帶動(dòng)作用，發(fā)揮通道、平臺優(yōu)勢，強(qiáng)化沿線國家物流、金融等服務(wù)業(yè)領(lǐng)域開放合作。推動(dòng)成渝地區(qū)雙城經(jīng)濟(jì)圈協(xié)同開放，聯(lián)動(dòng)促進(jìn)周邊地區(qū)現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)發(fā)展和轉(zhuǎn)型升級。分類推進(jìn)全域開放，推動(dòng)主城都市區(qū)圍繞高端服務(wù)業(yè)、生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)打造全市現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)開放發(fā)展的主承載區(qū);推動(dòng)渝東北三峽庫區(qū)城鎮(zhèn)群和渝東南武陵山區(qū)城鎮(zhèn)群，圍繞優(yōu)勢特色產(chǎn)業(yè)擴(kuò)大服務(wù)業(yè)開放，做大商貿(mào)、文旅等特色產(chǎn)業(yè)。構(gòu)建起全域開放、各具特色的服務(wù)業(yè)開放新格局。

部分圖片/西部（重慶）科學(xué)城管委會提供

1） Among the 86 tasks of the Overall Plan approved by the State Council， 69 have been carried out， accounting for 80.2%; 2） more than 40 pioneering and differentiated reforms have been conducted; 3） 356 modern service projects have been launched; 4） 55 supporting policies for the trails have been introduced.

國務(wù)院批復(fù)的試點(diǎn)總體方案86項(xiàng)任務(wù)已實(shí)施69項(xiàng)，實(shí)施率80.2%，開展首創(chuàng)性差異化改革探索40余項(xiàng)，356個(gè)現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)項(xiàng)目落地，出臺試點(diǎn)配套政策文件55個(gè)。