中國傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學(xué)的創(chuàng)新者

Tu?Youyou?is?Chinas?first?native?female?scientist?to?receive?a?Nobel?Prize?in?the?field?of?science.?She?believes?that?her?greatest?achievement?is?not?winning?the?Nobel?Prize?but?having?the?opportunity?to?demonstrate?the?benefits?of?traditional?Chinese?medicine?on?the?international?stage.

Tu?was?born?on?December?30，?1930?in?Ningbo，?Zhejiang?Province，?China.?At?the?age?of?16，?she?suffered?from?tuberculosis（肺結(jié)核），?which?forced?her?to?take?a?twoyear?break?from?school?to?receive?treatment.?This?setback?prompted?her?to?pursue?an?education?in?medicine.?Between?1951?and?1955，?Tu?attended?Beijing?Medical?College，?where?she?learned?to?classify?medicinal?plants，?extract?bioactive?chemicals，?and?determine?their?chemical?structures.

The?early?1960s?witnessed?a?major?threat?of?malaria.?More?than?200?million?people?suffered?worldwide.?In?the?light?of?this，?in?1967，?an?operation?called?“Project?523”?was?launched?to?find?a?cure?for?malaria.?Eventually，?she?was?appointed?as?the?head?of?“Project?523”.

Inspired?by?traditional?Chinese?medicine，?Tu?Youyou?began?her?research?by?screening?（篩選）?traditional?Chinese?herbs?in?the?hope?of?identifying?a?potential?antimalarial?ingredient.?Her?team?examined?640?transcriptions（抄本）?from?a?list?of?2，000?traditional?Chinese?recipes.?They?extracted?and?tested?380?herbal?compounds.?However，?after?repeated?trials，?the?results?remained?far?from?satisfactory.?So?she?and?her?research?team?changed?their?extraction?method.?Eventually，?they?were?able?to?extract?a?highly?effective?antimalarial?compound，?which?was?later?considered?as?artemisinin，?or?qinghaosu?in?Chinese.?To?test?the?strength?of?artemisinin，?a?human?trial?was?necessary.?Tu?volunteered?to?be?the?first?human?recipient.

Even?with?the?discovery?of?artemisin，?things?were?not?easy.?In?the?1970s，?many?pharmaceutical（制藥的）?factories?ceased?production;?sanitization?was?limited，?and?boiling?equipment?was?scarce.?Under?these?circumstances，?Tu?and?her?team?continued?to?overcome?the?mounting?pressure?and?discovered?new?ways?to?conduct?their?research.?They?made?enormous?sacrifices?during?their?research.?Although?Tu?was?able?to?complete?her?work，?she?was?ultimately?diagnosed?with?toxic?hepatitis?（肝炎）.

The?discovery?of?artemisinin?and?dihydroartemisinin（二氫青蒿素）?proved?to?be?the?turning?point?in?the?battle?against?malaria.?Although?Tu?has?received?multiple?international?awards?and?is?recognized?for?her?achievements，?she?continues?to?maintain?a?low?profile?and?attempts?to?improve?her?work.

Ⅰ.?閱讀自測(cè)

1.?Which?achievement?can?be?the?greatest?in?the?eyes?of?Tu?Youyou？

A.?Winning?the?Nobel?Prize.

B.?Being?Chinas?first?female?scientist.

C.?Entering?the?field?of?science.

D.?Showing?the?benefits?of?traditional?Chinese?medicine?internationally.

2.?What?was?the?original?strike?to?Tu?Youyou?according?to?paragraph?2？

A.?Dropping?out?of?school.

B.?Suffering?from?tuberculosis.

C.?Being?born?into?a?poor?family.

D.?Failing?to?identify?medicinal?plants.

3.?What?can?be?inferred?about?Tu?Youyous?research?according?to?the?text？

A.?It?was?completed?by?Tu?Youyou?in?the?1970s.

B.?It?was?inspired?by?modern?Western?medicine.

C.?It?was?started?due?to?the?breakout?of?malaria?in?China.

D.?It?was?carried?out?under?some?unfavourable?circumstances.

4.?What?can?best?describe?Tu?Youyou?according?to?the?text？

A.?Diligent，?smart，?patriotic?and?sensible.

B.?Determined，?creative，?honest?and?loyal.

C.?Devoted，?persevering，?brave?and?modest.

D.?Clever，?positive，?upright?and?independent.

Ⅱ.?語言汲取

（一）介紹人物的核心表達(dá)

1.?人物背景

innovator?創(chuàng)新者

female?scientist?女性科學(xué)家

setback?挫折

head?負(fù)責(zé)人

be?born?on...in?在（某一天）出生于（某地）

suffer?from?遭受……;受……之苦

take?a?twoyear?break?from?school?休學(xué)兩年

receive?treatment?接受治療

attend?college?上大學(xué)

pursue?an?education?in?medicine?追求醫(yī)學(xué)方面的教育

2.?主要事跡及重大活動(dòng)

launch?a?project?啟動(dòng)一個(gè)項(xiàng)目

find?a?cure?for?尋找……的治療方法

be?appointed?as?被任命為……

be?inspired?by?受……的啟發(fā)

screen?traditional?Chinese?herbs?篩選傳統(tǒng)中藥

in?the?hope?of?希望……

identify?a?potential?antimalarial?ingredient?找出一種潛在的抗瘧疾成分

after?repeated?trials?經(jīng)過反復(fù)的試驗(yàn)

far?from?satisfactory?遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不能令人滿意

extract?a?highly?effective?antimalarial?compound?提取出一種高效的抗瘧疾化合物

test?the?strength?of?artemisinin?測(cè)試青蒿素的強(qiáng)度

human?trial?人體試驗(yàn)

volunteer?to?do?志愿做……

the?first?human?recipient?第一個(gè)人類接受者

overcome?the?mounting?pressure?克服不斷增加的壓力

discover?new?ways?尋找新的方法

conduct?ones?research?進(jìn)行某人的研究

make?enormous?sacrifices?做出巨大的犧牲

turning?point?轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)

continue?to?do?繼續(xù)做……

maintain?a?low?profile?保持低調(diào)

attempt?to?improve?ones?work?努力改進(jìn)某人的工作

3.?人物成就

receive/win?a?Nobel?Prize?獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)

receive?multiple?international?awards?獲得多個(gè)國際獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)

be?recognized?for?因?yàn)椤玫秸J(rèn)可

demonstrate?the?benefits?of?traditional?Chinese?medicine?on?the?international?stage?在國際舞臺(tái)上展示了中國傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學(xué)的好處

4.?其他

have?the?opportunity?to?do?有機(jī)會(huì)做……

force?sb?to?do?迫使某人做……

prompt?sb?to?do?促使某人做……

in?the?light?of?鑒于……

at?the?age?of?在……歲時(shí)

in?the?1970s?20世紀(jì)70年代

cease?production?停止生產(chǎn)

under?these?circumstances?在這些情況下

（二）精彩表達(dá)

1.?At?the?age?of?16，?she?suffered?from?tuberculosis，?which?forced?her?to?take?a?twoyear?break?from?school?to?receive?treatment.?16歲時(shí)，她患上了肺結(jié)核，這迫使她休學(xué)兩年以接受治療。

本句中，which引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)非限制性定語從句，用來指代主句she?suffered?from?tuberculosis。

2.?The?early?1960s?witnessed?a?major?threat?of?malaria.?20世紀(jì)60年代初見證了瘧疾帶來的主要威脅。

動(dòng)詞see、witness、find、notice、observe、discover等可用于擬人化的用法，使無靈名詞所表達(dá)的事物具有人的情感、情態(tài)或動(dòng)作，使抽象的概念具體化，使靜止的物體具有動(dòng)態(tài)的人格化效果。

3.?Although?Tu?has?received?multiple?international?awards?and?is?recognized?for?her?achievements，?she?continues?to?maintain?a?low?profile?and?attempts?to?improve?her?work.?盡管屠呦呦獲得了許多國際獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)并因其成就受到認(rèn)可，但是她一直保持低調(diào)，努力改進(jìn)自己的科研工作。

本句中，although引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)讓步狀語從句，she?continues?to?maintain?a?low?profile?and?attempts?to?improve?her?work為主句部分，to?improve?her?work為動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語。

Ⅲ.?句式仿寫

1.?屠呦呦自愿成為首位接受者，以測(cè)試青蒿素的強(qiáng)度，這使她成為一位真正的女英雄。

Tu?Youyou?volunteered?to?be?the?first?human?recipient?to?test?the?strength?of?artemisinin，?.

2.?在電影結(jié)尾，他們?cè)庥隽斯陋?dú)和失敗。

The?end?of?the?movie?.?（find）

3.?盡管你的數(shù)學(xué)取得了很大的進(jìn)步，但你還是應(yīng)該繼續(xù)竭盡全力。

，?you?should?keep?trying?your?best.

Ⅳ.?寫作實(shí)踐

近日，瘋狂英語雜志社舉辦了主題為“My?heroine”的征文活動(dòng)。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下要點(diǎn)，寫一篇短文投稿。

1.?你心中的女英雄是誰;

2.?你把她當(dāng)作女英雄的原因;

2.?她的主要事跡。

注意：

1.?詞數(shù)80左右;

2.?可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫;

3.?至少需要使用兩個(gè)本文中解析過的句式。

My?heroine

■評(píng)價(jià)導(dǎo)思

A?selfassessment?checklist?for?my?narrative?reading

1.?閱讀本文前，我認(rèn)真了解了人物類記敘文的文體知識(shí)?！鮕es □No

2.?在閱讀過程中，我會(huì)借助彩色筆對(duì)文本中的不同部分做標(biāo)注。□Yes □No

3.?在閱讀過程中，我會(huì)應(yīng)用“ABCDE原則”梳理文章?！鮕es □No

4.?這篇文章中我最喜歡的部分是 。

□Background □Character □Deeds □Evaluation

5.?讀完這篇文章后，我會(huì)嘗試著對(duì)我熟悉的人物進(jìn)行介紹和評(píng)價(jià)?！鮕es □No

6.?讀完這篇文章后，我會(huì)花費(fèi) 的時(shí)間來讀完一篇大約350詞的人物類記敘文。

□5分鐘 □7分鐘 □9分鐘 □其他

7.?本次讀寫活動(dòng)后，我會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)家的優(yōu)良品質(zhì)。□Yes □No

8.?為了閱讀更多類型的人物類記敘文，我需要 。

□加倍努力 □持之以恒 □堅(jiān)持目標(biāo) □形成高效的讀寫策略

9.?在接下來的時(shí)間，我會(huì)讀一本叫作的人物傳記。