篇首語(yǔ)

吳春花 《建筑技藝》（AT）執(zhí)行主編

城市生生不息，在當(dāng)代經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展與建設(shè)行業(yè)推動(dòng)下不斷日新月異，又推陳出新。因此，更新既是城市日常，亦是面向日常生活與人。如果說(shuō)10年前，城市更新停留在單一層面及功能、形式等基本問(wèn)題，那么在今天，城市更新正面對(duì)空間的公平正義、資源的可持續(xù)、人民的美好生活等諸多復(fù)雜、多層級(jí)的現(xiàn)實(shí)問(wèn)題。此次，專題選擇來(lái)自北京、上海、沈陽(yáng)、重慶、廣州、鹽城的不同類型、不同尺度的實(shí)踐案例，展示當(dāng)下城市更新的一個(gè)小小斷面。

這些案例都位于高密度的城市核心區(qū)，均體現(xiàn)出以人為中心的系統(tǒng)的、漸進(jìn)的、包容的、動(dòng)態(tài)的設(shè)計(jì)策略。北京的平安大街東西段更新是建筑師主導(dǎo)的街道改造，原本以車行為導(dǎo)向回歸以人為中心，快速通過(guò)的線性空間轉(zhuǎn)向休閑怡人的口袋花園，中央綠島樹(shù)蔭連綿有了一種老北京街道的意象。上海的武夷路320號(hào)和曹楊百禧公園，一個(gè)是歷史風(fēng)貌保護(hù)區(qū)內(nèi)社區(qū)共享、多元共贏的鄰里中心營(yíng)造，一個(gè)是將典型社區(qū)場(chǎng)地中的非典型剩余空間變?yōu)榱Ⅲw化的高線步道與體驗(yàn)式的社區(qū)公園綠地，重塑廢棄空間潛力，活化利用城市狹縫，無(wú)限激發(fā)社區(qū)公共生活的活力。沈陽(yáng)東貿(mào)庫(kù)屬典型的工業(yè)遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)再利用，因其作為住區(qū)商業(yè)開(kāi)發(fā)的一部分有著特殊性，溫室花園、社區(qū)圖書館、婚禮堂這些看似紳士化的改造背后，容納著建筑師對(duì)空間正義、程序正義的深刻思考。重慶的城市規(guī)劃展覽館同樣是工業(yè)遺存的改造，以最小的干預(yù)達(dá)到最大的公共性，營(yíng)造山城特有的臨江游走路徑。廣州的東山肉菜市場(chǎng)是最具煙火氣的，也是最艱難的，模塊化騎樓單元、冷巷再升級(jí)與彩色蔭蔽系統(tǒng)還原了市井生活的勃勃生機(jī)。鹽城的黃海濕地博物館是以老火車站改造出發(fā)而聯(lián)動(dòng)片區(qū)整體提升的大膽嘗試，從宏觀城市設(shè)計(jì)到微觀一體化設(shè)計(jì)層面實(shí)現(xiàn)了既有資源的可持續(xù)利用。

解讀這些案例發(fā)現(xiàn)，建筑師沒(méi)有在形式上對(duì)某種樣式的模仿或堆砌，而是直面多重基本問(wèn)題，以簡(jiǎn)潔、理性、樸實(shí)的建筑語(yǔ)言向城市以及生活其中的人，力圖表達(dá)著豐富的日常。我們也要看到，有溫度、有關(guān)懷的設(shè)計(jì)還應(yīng)更加關(guān)注于精微、細(xì)膩處，以有形的語(yǔ)言鏈接無(wú)形的情感與記憶，人文城市與美好生活將是未來(lái)城市更新實(shí)踐的永恒的價(jià)值目標(biāo)。

With the rapid development of modern economy and new industries,the city continues to grow.Therefore,renewal is not only the daily life of the city,but also for everydayness and people.Urban renewal remained at a single level and basic problems such as function and form 10 years ago.Today urban renewal is facing many complex and multi-level practical problems,such as fairness and justice of space,sustainability of resources,people's good life and so on.This time,different types and scales of practical cases from Beijing,Shanghai,Shenyang,Chongqing,Guangzhou and Yancheng are selected to show a small section of urban renewal.

These cases are located in the high-density urban core area,and reflect the people-centered systematic,progressive,inclusive and dynamic design strategy.The renewal of Ping'an Street in Beijing is a street reconstruction by architects,which was driven by car behavior and returns to human-centered.The fast linear space turned into a leisure and pleasant pocket garden,with the central green island shaded by trees giving an image of old Beijing streets.The urban regeneration of No.320,Wuyi Road and Caoyang Baixi Park in Shanghai,one is the construction of a community shared,pluralistic and win-win neighborhood center in the historical protection zone,the other is an atypical remaining space in the typical community site transformed into a three-dimensional high-speed footpath and experiential community park green space.Shenyang Dongmaoku Warehouses is a typical industrial heritage protection and reuse project with the deep thinking on spatial justice and procedural justice.Chongqing Planning Exhibition Hall is also a transformation of industrial heritage,achieving maximum publicity with minimal intervention,and creating a unique riverside path for the mountain city.Dongshan Meat and Vegetable Market in Guangzhou is the most exciting and difficult one with modular arcade units,cold alley re-upgrading and colorful shading system,restoring the vitality of market life.The Yellow Sea Wetland Museum is a bold attempt to improve the whole area starting from the reconstruction of the old railway station,which realizes the sustainable use of existing resources from the macro urban design to the micro integrated design.

These cases show that architects do not imitate or pile up certain styles in form,but face multiple basic problems,and try to express rich daily life to the city and people living in it with concise,rational and simple architectural language.We should also see that the design with warmth and care should pay more attention to the subtle and delicate parts,and link the intangible emotion and memory with tangible language.Humanistic city and good life will be the eternal value goal of urban renewal practice in the future.