廣西北部灣港：以“一流的技術(shù)”攀登港口建設(shè)新高峰

黃昀昀

在廣西北部灣港欽州港區(qū)北部灣外理集裝箱智能理貨中心，每名工作人員同時(shí)面對著4臺電腦屏幕，他們專注、敏捷地操作著智能理貨系統(tǒng)，僅用時(shí)20多秒，就能實(shí)現(xiàn)對集裝箱的高效管理。而過去，他們須赴碼頭，才能完成相同的操作。這樣的轉(zhuǎn)變，源于廣西北部灣國際港務(wù)集團(tuán)有限公司（以下簡稱北部灣港集團(tuán)）對先進(jìn)技術(shù)的追求。

2017年，中國國家主席習(xí)近平視察廣西北部灣港時(shí)，要求以“一流的設(shè)施、一流的技術(shù)、一流的管理、一流的服務(wù)”，把廣西北部灣港口建設(shè)好、管理好、運(yùn)營好。因此近年來，北部灣港集團(tuán)積極引入先進(jìn)技術(shù)，以此賦能港口發(fā)展，以期在國際貿(mào)易中扮演好“節(jié)點(diǎn)”“門戶”等重要角色。

智慧港口建設(shè)，勢在必行

2020年，中國貨物進(jìn)出口總額在新冠肺炎疫情的影響下仍達(dá)到約32.2萬億元，同比增長1.9%，GDP占比達(dá)30%以上。2021年，中國貨物貿(mào)易總額更是高達(dá)39.1萬億元，同比增長21.4%。而港口作為國際貿(mào)易的重要門戶，在其中發(fā)揮的作用不言而喻。

為了與愈發(fā)蓬勃的中外貿(mào)易需求相適應(yīng)，近些年中國各大港口正向“建成智慧港口”的目標(biāo)進(jìn)發(fā)。據(jù)了解，智慧港口以云計(jì)算、大數(shù)據(jù)、物聯(lián)網(wǎng)等新一代信息技術(shù)與運(yùn)輸業(yè)務(wù)深度融合為核心，能在更高程度上滿足多層次、高品質(zhì)等港口運(yùn)輸服務(wù)的要求。廣西北部灣港則緊跟時(shí)代步伐，加快技術(shù)布局港口進(jìn)程，為智慧港口建設(shè)打下根基。

“十三五”期間，廣西北部灣港就此取得了一系列成就：運(yùn)用人工智能、大數(shù)據(jù)、5G、激光掃測等前沿技術(shù)的欽州港區(qū)大欖坪南7#—10#泊位全自動(dòng)化集裝箱碼頭項(xiàng)目相繼開工建設(shè);創(chuàng)新服務(wù)模式，建成統(tǒng)一客戶服務(wù)平臺“北港網(wǎng)”，實(shí)現(xiàn)了“一站式接待、一站式辦單、一站式結(jié)算、一站式信息服務(wù)”;各港區(qū)智能閘口建設(shè)進(jìn)度加快，實(shí)現(xiàn)了閘口管理、安防、海關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)的全面對接……

據(jù)悉，廣西北部灣港智慧港口的建設(shè)主要圍繞港口智能運(yùn)營、危險(xiǎn)品精細(xì)管理、供應(yīng)鏈互聯(lián)協(xié)作、物流區(qū)域協(xié)同、服務(wù)敏捷保障、業(yè)務(wù)開放創(chuàng)新等6 個(gè)方面開展建設(shè)，推進(jìn)智慧港口在港口作業(yè)效率、供應(yīng)鏈上下游協(xié)作、信息互聯(lián)互通、港口生態(tài)圈建設(shè)等方面的提升，是廣西北部灣港提質(zhì)增效的重要路徑。

用技術(shù)攀登港口建設(shè)的“珠峰”

2021年是中國“十四五”規(guī)劃的開局之年。在這一年里，北部灣港集團(tuán)在引進(jìn)“一流的技術(shù)”方面也有不少新動(dòng)作。其中，欽州港區(qū)大欖坪南7#—10#泊位全自動(dòng)化集裝箱碼頭是其中的重點(diǎn)。而自動(dòng)化集裝箱碼頭的建設(shè)被稱為港口建設(shè)中的“珠穆朗瑪峰”。

據(jù)了解，該全自動(dòng)化集裝箱碼頭整體通過能力260萬標(biāo)箱，是全球首個(gè)采用“U”型工藝方案的全自動(dòng)化集裝箱碼頭，也是中國首個(gè)海鐵聯(lián)運(yùn)全自動(dòng)化集裝箱碼頭。為攀此“高峰”，2021年里，北部灣港集團(tuán)借助與上海振華重工等達(dá)成的伙伴關(guān)系，加快引入工業(yè)4.0、物聯(lián)網(wǎng)、大數(shù)據(jù)、云計(jì)算等技術(shù)。

其中7#、8#泊位改造工程為該項(xiàng)目的一期工程，上海振華重工集團(tuán)為它帶來了5臺自動(dòng)化雙小車岸橋、16臺自動(dòng)化軌道吊、30臺智能導(dǎo)引車等先進(jìn)設(shè)備。以智能導(dǎo)引車為例，為給智能導(dǎo)引車導(dǎo)航測試提供保障，首批2500枚磁釘被敷設(shè)于7#泊位前沿區(qū)域。據(jù)現(xiàn)場工作人員介紹：“磁釘就像一張張埋在地下的身份證，每張都存儲著唯一的‘身份信息’——即獨(dú)立的位置坐標(biāo)。安裝在智能導(dǎo)引車上的磁釘天線，等同一個(gè)移動(dòng)式讀卡器，在移動(dòng)的過程中實(shí)時(shí)讀取掃過的‘身份信息’，并將信息反饋至后臺系統(tǒng)，保證智能導(dǎo)引車‘不跑偏’?！?/p>

2021年，在努力、智力、財(cái)力的共同推動(dòng)下，北部灣港集團(tuán)完成了該項(xiàng)目一期工程的碼頭結(jié)構(gòu)升級改造工作，三大自動(dòng)化設(shè)備與智能控制系統(tǒng)之間的聯(lián)機(jī)聯(lián)調(diào)測試工作也有條不紊地開展著。

廣西北部灣港還迎來了提升實(shí)力的先進(jìn)信息系統(tǒng)與設(shè)備。如2021年9月，防城港港區(qū)的關(guān)港協(xié)同智能閘口管理系統(tǒng)完成升級，將閘口車輛通行時(shí)長從4分鐘左右壓縮至30秒，為防城港港區(qū)提前58天實(shí)現(xiàn)年貨物吞吐量突破1億噸大關(guān)提供了有力支持;同年12月，搭載了自動(dòng)化系統(tǒng)，應(yīng)用了5G網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)的2臺輪胎式集裝箱龍門起重機(jī)在北海港區(qū)正式啟用;尤值得一提的是，2021年12月13日，國內(nèi)新建規(guī)模最大的數(shù)字化散貨堆場完成首次重載調(diào)試，為散貨專業(yè)化中心堆場的全面投產(chǎn)奠定了堅(jiān)實(shí)基礎(chǔ)，為北部灣港推動(dòng)“四個(gè)一流”港口建設(shè)邁出了新步伐。

未來，北部灣港集團(tuán)又將如何升級技術(shù)，提升港口效能呢？該集團(tuán)董事長李延強(qiáng)稱，“十四五”時(shí)期將對標(biāo)國際一流港口全力加快智慧碼頭、智能船舶和智慧航道建設(shè)，加快建成4個(gè)10萬～20萬噸級全自動(dòng)化集裝箱碼頭，改造一批萬噸級以上碼頭，努力實(shí)現(xiàn)“便捷順暢、經(jīng)濟(jì)高效、綠色集約、智能先進(jìn)、安全可靠”的智慧港口目標(biāo)。

港口發(fā)展起源于貿(mào)易需求，騰飛于先進(jìn)技術(shù)。錨定了建設(shè)智慧港口目標(biāo)的北部灣港集團(tuán)，正在風(fēng)雨兼程地前行。

技術(shù)牽引，助海鐵聯(lián)動(dòng)

“智慧港口”正成為廣西北部灣港彎道超車的重要引擎，而北部灣多式聯(lián)運(yùn)示范工程即國際陸海貿(mào)易新通道（以下簡稱陸海新通道）海鐵聯(lián)運(yùn)更猶如一腳加速的油門，助力廣西北部灣港貨源的增長。2021年，陸海新通道海鐵聯(lián)運(yùn)班列開行突破6000列，較開行首年2017年增長近33倍，成為近年來中國增速最快的國際班列。

據(jù)悉，北部灣多式聯(lián)運(yùn)示范工程經(jīng)北部灣港集團(tuán)聯(lián)合中外運(yùn)廣西有限公司、廣西沿海鐵路股份有限公司申報(bào)，已獲得中國多式聯(lián)運(yùn)示范工程項(xiàng)目殊榮。而先進(jìn)技術(shù)在此過程中功不可沒。

技術(shù)的應(yīng)用使該示范工程的信息化建設(shè)水平越來越高。在北部灣港集團(tuán)與各方的努力和協(xié)調(diào)之下，陸海新通道海鐵聯(lián)運(yùn)信息平臺實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)互聯(lián)共享，全程物流節(jié)點(diǎn)信息可跟蹤查詢;實(shí)現(xiàn)平臺之間數(shù)據(jù)互通、碼頭系統(tǒng)互聯(lián)互通、全程箱動(dòng)態(tài)查詢?nèi)蠊δ堋?/p>

技術(shù)的應(yīng)用使欽州鐵路集裝箱中心站成為中國鐵路首家實(shí)現(xiàn)遠(yuǎn)控自動(dòng)化裝卸的鐵路智慧化示范場站。2021年，6臺陸海新通道全線技術(shù)最先進(jìn)的遠(yuǎn)程自動(dòng)化門吊，在欽州鐵路集裝箱中心站投入使用，使集裝箱起落、運(yùn)行、堆場內(nèi)箱位整理等環(huán)節(jié)均可實(shí)現(xiàn)全自動(dòng)化作業(yè)。這一龍門吊群橫跨集裝箱火車裝卸線，待智能掃描識別系統(tǒng)成功掃描并傳輸相關(guān)貨物信息后，便探出“爪子”，精準(zhǔn)捕捉集裝箱，吊至指定位置上，顯著增強(qiáng)了欽州港區(qū)港航物流服務(wù)能力。

揚(yáng)鞭催征馬蹄疾。先進(jìn)技術(shù)加快布局廣西北部灣港，將使其在新一輪港口智能化、自動(dòng)化競爭中更具底氣，以實(shí)現(xiàn)健康和可持續(xù)的發(fā)展。而于整個(gè)廣西而言，這也將助推廣西積極融入“一帶一路”倡議、參與陸海新通道建設(shè)，實(shí)現(xiàn)廣西“門戶、支點(diǎn)、通道”的角色升級。

In the intelligent container tally center of Qinzhou Port Area along the Beibu Gulf， staffs facing 4 computer screens at the same time run the intelligent container tally systems attentively and adroitly. In only 20 seconds， they can achieve the efficient management of containers. However， in the past， the same operation required workers’ on-site presence. Such change is credited to Guangxi Beibu Gulf International Port Group’s pursuit of cutting-edge technologies.

In 2017 when Chinese President Xi Jinping inspected Guangxi’s Beibu Gulf Port， he proposed that the Port should be well constructed， managed， and operated by adopting first-class facilities， technologies， management， and services. Therefore， in recent years， the Beibu Gulf Port Group actively introduced advanced technologies to develop the Port， so as to fulfill its role of “node” and “gateway” in international trade.

It is imperative that smart ports are constructed

In 2020， the total volume of China’s import and export of goods reached about RMB 32.2 trillion yuan despite the COVID-19 pandemic， a year-on-year increase of 1.9%， equivalent to more than 30% of the GDP. In 2021， the total amount of China’s trade in goods was reached an impressive RMB 39.1 trillion yuan， a year-on-year increase of 21.4%. As important gateways of international trade， it is self-evident what contribution the ports have made.

To adapt to the increasingly prospering domestic and foreign trade， major ports in China have marched towards the goal of “building smart ports” in recent years. With deep integration of transportation and the new generation of information technologies such as cloud computing， big data， and IoT as the core， smart ports can better meet the demands of multi-level and high-quality transport services. Following the trend of the times， Beibu Gulf Port Group accelerated the introduction of technologies in the Beibu Gulf Port to lay foundations for building smart ports.

During the 13th Five-Year Period， Guangxi Beibu Gulf Port Group has made the following achievements： The full-automatic container terminals of the berths numbered 7 to 10 of at the South Dalanping Operation Area of Qinzhou Port， which used AI， big data， 5G， and laser scanning，? started construction one after another; The Group itself innovated the service models and established a service platform for customers named “BBW PORT”， achieving one-stop reception， handling of formalities， currency settlement， and information service; Construction of smart gates in relevant port areas was accelerated， and management， security， and customs data of the gates in each port area realized information sharing .

The smart port construction of Guangxi Beibu Gulf Port centers around the smart operation of ports， precise management of hazardous goods， connectivity and coordination of supply chains， regional coordination of logistics， timely guarantee of services， and business opening and innovation. All these aim to improve smart ports in operation efficiency， upstream and downstream coordination in supply chains， information connectivity， and port ecosystem， serving as important ways for Guangxi Beibu Gulf Port to improve quality and efficiency.

Scaling to the heights of port construction through technologies

2021 marked the first year of the 14th Five-Year Plan. This year witnessed new measures taken by Beibu Gulf Port Group to introduce first-class technologies， among which the key were the full-automatic container terminals of the berths numbered 7 to 10 at the Dalanping South Operation Area of Qinzhou Port， the construction of which is known as “the Mt. Everest” in port construction.

The full-automatic container terminal is the first terminal to adopt a U-shaped design around the world and also the first featuring sea-rail combined transportation， with an overall throughput capacity of 2，600，000 TEUs. To complete the project， Guangxi Beibu Gulf sped up the introduction of technologies such as Industry 4.0， IoT， big data， and cloud computing in cooperation with Shanghai Zhenhua Heavy Industries and other companies.

Phase I of the project was to reconstruct berths numbered 7 and 8. Shanghai Zhenhua Heavy Industries prepared for it 5 automatic double trolley quay cranes， 16 automatic rail-mounted gantry cranes， and 30 intelligent guided vehicles （IGV）. Take IGV as an example， to provide guarantees for its navigation tests， 2，500 magnetic markers were set at the front of the No. 7 berth. According to the staff on-site： “Every magnetic marker stores information of a location. The antenna installed on the vehicle? receives the information in real time and feeds back it to the backstage management system so that the car ‘does not deviate’”.

In 2021， Beibu Gulf Port Group reconstructed and upgraded the terminal. The online debugging between the three automatic equipment and the intelligent control system was also carried out as planned.

Guangxi Beibu Gulf Port introduced advanced information systems and equipment to improve its strengths. In September 2021， the customs-port coordination smart gate management system was upgraded， shortening the time for vehicles to pass the gate from 4 minutes to 30 seconds and providing strong support for Fangcheng Port to exceed the annual cargo throughput of 100，000，000 tons 58 days early; In December of the same year， automated systems were available and 2 rubber tire container gantry cranes applied with 5G technology were put into operation in Beihai Port; What’s worth mentioning is that on December 13， 2021， the largest digital storage yard for bulk cargo completed its first debugging， providing a solid foundation for the operation of the specilized center storage yard for bulk cargo and marching a step forward in building Beibu Gulf Port into a port with first-class facilities， technologies， management， and services.

What measures will the Beibu Gulf Port Group take to update technologies and improve port efficiency？ According to Li Yanqiang， Chairman of the Group， during the 14th Five-Year Period， it will accelerate the construction of smart terminals， ships， and channels aligning with the standard of world first-class ports， sped up the building of 4 full-automatic container terminals of 100，000-200，000 tons， and upgrade a batch of terminals above 10，000 tons， striving to achieve the goal of building a convenient， unhindered， economic， efficient， green and safe smart port.

Port development originates from trade and takes off with the application of technologies. With the goal of developing smart ports， Beibu Gulf Port Group will brave the way ahead.

Technology promotes sea-rail combined transportation

The smart port has become an important driver for Guangxi Beibu Gulf to overtake others， and its multimodal demonstration project， namely the New International Land-Sea Trade Corridor sea-rail combined transportation， serves as an accelerator to boost the sources of goods in Beibu Gulf Port. In 2021， sea-rail combined transport trains along the New Land-Sea Corridor exceeded 6，000， nearly 33 times higher than that in 2017， becoming the fastest-growing international trains in China in recent years.

The New International Land-Sea Trade Corridor sea-rail combined transportation has been awarded the multimodal demonstration project in China after the application of Beibu Gulf Port Group， Sinotrans Guangxi Co.， Ltd.， and Guangxi Coastal Railway Company. Technology plays a vital role in this process.

Technology enables a higher informatization level of the demonstration project. With efforts and coordination of Beibu Gulf Port Group and relevant parties， the New Land-Sea Corridor sea-rail combined transportation information platform realized data connectivity and sharing， and traceable logistics information.

Technology helps Qinzhou Railway Container Center Station to become the first intelligent railway station that realized remote-controlled automated loading and unloading. In 2021， 6 long-distant automatic gantry cranes with the most advanced technology were put into operation in Qinzhou Railway Container Center Station， the automatic lifting， landing， and sorting of the container thus have been featured. The gantry crane， arching across the container loading and unloading line， accurately recognized the container and lifted it to the designated place with its “claws” after the smart scanning and recognition system scanned and transmitted the information of goods， significantly enhancing the logistics service capacity of the Qinzhou Port.

Accelerating the application of advanced technology in Guangxi Beibu Gulf Port will make it more competitive in the new round of intellectualization and automatization race among ports， so as to achieve healthy and sustainable development. It will also be conducive to Guangxi to integrate into the Belt and Road Initiative， take part in the New Land-Sea Corridor， and upgrade its role of “gateway， pivot， and corridor”.

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