幼兒園游戲化課程資源的開發(fā)利用研究

張靜蕓

摘 要：幼兒園踐行游戲化課程是培育幼兒良好素質(zhì)的根本途徑，也是克服幼兒園“小學(xué)化”不良傾向的根本舉措。所以幼兒教師應(yīng)該重視幼兒園游戲化課程資源的開發(fā)利用研究，努力挖掘那些既符合幼兒身心發(fā)展規(guī)律，又契合本土文化的課程資源，使之成為幼兒的游戲活動(dòng)。基于此，筆者以剪紙游戲活動(dòng)為切入口，通過幼兒園剪紙游戲化課程資源的開發(fā)要點(diǎn)研究，逐步把握幼兒園剪紙游戲化課程資源開發(fā)與利用的實(shí)踐策略，如剪紙游戲活動(dòng)中故事教學(xué)的滲透，剪紙活動(dòng)與表演游戲的有機(jī)結(jié)合，以節(jié)日為契機(jī)開展剪紙游戲活動(dòng)等。讓幼兒在游戲活動(dòng)中受到優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化的熏陶和浸染，讓幼兒的感知能力、實(shí)踐能力與語言交流能力得到鍛煉和發(fā)展。

關(guān)鍵詞：幼兒園;游戲化;課程資源;開發(fā)利用;剪紙藝術(shù)

【中圖分類號(hào)】G610 【文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼】A 【文章編號(hào)】1005-8877（2021）20-0057-02

【Abstract】Practicing gamified curriculum in kindergartens is the fundamental way to cultivate good quality of children，and it is also the fundamental measure to overcome the bad tendency of kindergartens to "primary school". Therefore，kindergarten teachers should pay attention to the research on the development and utilization of game-based curriculum resources in kindergartens，and strive to unearth those curriculum resources that conform to the laws of children's physical and mental development and local culture，and make them play activities for children. Based on this，the author takes the paper-cutting game activity as the entry point，and through the research on the development points of the kindergarten paper-cutting gamification curriculum resources，gradually grasps the practical strategies for the development and utilization of the kindergarten paper-cutting gamification curriculum resources，such as the penetration of story teaching in the paper-cutting game activities，and paper-cutting. The organic combination of activities and performance games，and the festival as an opportunity to carry out paper-cutting games. Let children be nurtured and immersed in the excellent traditional culture in the game activities，so that the children's perception ability，practical ability and language communication ability can be exercised and developed.

【Keywords】Kindergarten;Gamification;Curriculum resources;Development and utilization;Paper-cutting art

課程游戲化是當(dāng)前幼兒教育發(fā)展的重要趨勢(shì)，也是克服幼兒教育“小學(xué)化”的有效手段。但在幼兒園課程游戲化過程中，如何開發(fā)與利用游戲化課程資源是困擾教師們的首要問題。近年來，公眾對(duì)保護(hù)與傳承中華優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化的呼聲越來越高，依托本土挖掘符合孩子們認(rèn)知和身心發(fā)展特征的，滲透中華優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化的游戲活動(dòng)，能夠?yàn)楹⒆觽兇蜷_認(rèn)知與感知、了解中華優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化的新路徑。為此，筆者對(duì)剪紙課程游戲化進(jìn)行了有益的嘗試，現(xiàn)分享筆者開展剪紙游戲活動(dòng)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。

1.幼兒園剪紙游戲化課程資源的開發(fā)要點(diǎn)

眾所周知，剪紙藝術(shù)來源于生活，具有極高的歷史記憶價(jià)值、深厚的文化底蘊(yùn)及藝術(shù)內(nèi)涵。自古以來筆者國(guó)就有以剪紙慶賀節(jié)日的習(xí)俗，精致巧妙的剪紙工藝、形式各樣的剪紙作品飽含人們對(duì)美好生活的追求，反映出先輩精益求精、務(wù)實(shí)的精神風(fēng)貌。作為筆者國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化中重要的組成部分，剪紙不僅需要?jiǎng)?chuàng)作者具備剪紙技巧，還需要其對(duì)生活有深刻的感悟，能夠?qū)⒆约旱乃枷?、態(tài)度呈現(xiàn)在剪紙作品中。

當(dāng)然，剪紙活動(dòng)還是一項(xiàng)手腦并用、育身與育身價(jià)值并重的文化藝術(shù)活動(dòng)。所以開展剪紙游戲活動(dòng)要把握以下操作要點(diǎn)：

其一，剪紙游戲活動(dòng)的設(shè)計(jì)要符合幼兒的年齡特點(diǎn)?；顒?dòng)開展前要了解不同年齡階段幼兒的認(rèn)知、實(shí)踐能力等各方面的差異性，并以此為基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)行剪紙游戲活動(dòng)方案的設(shè)計(jì)。如針對(duì)小班幼兒可開展“沿線剪一剪”剪紙游戲活動(dòng)，引導(dǎo)幼兒演著教師所畫的輔助線剪出簡(jiǎn)單形狀;針對(duì)中班幼兒可開展“對(duì)折剪與三角折剪”活動(dòng);針對(duì)大班幼兒可開展“自畫自剪”活動(dòng)，引導(dǎo)幼兒自主進(jìn)行樣稿創(chuàng)作及實(shí)踐操作。