主題語(yǔ)境14：社會(huì)

趙金平

Part 1 激活·素養(yǎng)要求

Part 2 積累·晨讀素材

Ⅰ. 熱詞快記

acknowledge 感謝;承認(rèn)

address v. 寫上地址;發(fā)表演說(shuō);稱呼 n. 地址

aggressive 好斗的;侵略性的

aid n. & v. 援助;幫助

apologize v. 道歉

apology n. 道歉;致歉

assist v. 幫助;協(xié)助

assistance n. 幫助;援助;支持

ban n. 禁令 v. 禁止;取締

beg 請(qǐng)求;祈求;乞討

communicate 交流;傳達(dá)

conversation 談話

custom 風(fēng)俗;習(xí)慣

demand 要求

effect 影響

embarrassing 令人尷尬的;難堪的

excuse v. 原諒;寬恕 n. 借口;辯解

expression 表達(dá);措辭;表情

forbid 禁止;不準(zhǔn)

formal 正式的;正規(guī)的

greet v. 打招呼;歡迎

greeting n. 問(wèn)候

hurt 傷害

ignore 忽略;不理睬

interrupt 打斷;打擾

introduction 介紹;引進(jìn)

invite 邀請(qǐng)

noble 高貴的;崇高的;貴族的

offer v. 提供 n. 建議

pardon 原諒;寬恕

personally 就個(gè)人而言

plain 清楚的;樸素的

private 私人的;私有的

promise n. & v. 答應(yīng);允諾

reason v. 推理;理解? n. 理由;原因

reasonable adj. 合乎情理的

regard 問(wèn)候;致意

reject 拒絕

respect 敬意

shameful 可恥的

spread 傳播

suggest v. 建議;提議

suggestion n. 建議

thankful 感謝的;感激的

warn 警告

administration 管理;行政部門

authority 權(quán)威;權(quán)力;當(dāng)局;官方

government 政府

media 媒體

news 新聞

civilian 平民;老百姓

religion 宗教

reputation 名聲

security 平安;安全;保護(hù)措施

contribute 捐獻(xiàn);增進(jìn)

advocate 提倡;支持

declare 宣布;宣稱

permit 準(zhǔn)許;允許

strike 敲;罷工

employ 雇用

nationwide 全國(guó)性的

social 社會(huì)的

political 政治的

official 官方的

religious 宗教的

moral 道德的

chief 主要的;首席的

secure 安心的;牢固的

average 平均的

Ⅱ. 話題短語(yǔ)

disadvantaged groups 弱勢(shì)群體

spare every effort to do sth 不遺余力地做某事

volunteer to do sth 自愿做某事

be responsible for 對(duì)……負(fù)責(zé)

take it for granted 認(rèn)為……是理所當(dāng)然的

make a difference to 對(duì)……有影響

owe sth to sb 將某事歸功于某人

satisfy/meet the needs （of） 滿足……的需求

since reform and opening-up 自改革開(kāi)放以來(lái)

result from 由……引起

result in 導(dǎo)致

take an active part in the social practice 積極參加社會(huì)實(shí)踐

make contributions to the society 為社會(huì)做貢獻(xiàn)

adjust oneself to the new life 調(diào)整自己適應(yīng)新生活

with the rapid development/growth of economy 隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展

Ⅲ. 提分靚句

（一）美句速記

1. 不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)

To avoid such conflicts， we should be kind to one another， which is essential to enjoying a harmonious life. 為了避免這樣的沖突，我們應(yīng)該彼此友好，這是享受和諧生活的必要條件。

2. It is + n. + to do sth 做某事是……

It is also a virtue to forgive and forget， especially in such a competitive and stressful society. 原諒和寬恕也是一種美德，尤其是在這樣一個(gè)充滿競(jìng)爭(zhēng)和壓力的社會(huì)里。

3. “The majority of + n.” 作主語(yǔ) 大多數(shù)的……

The majority of students believe that interest will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills， which may put them in a favorable position in the future job market. 大部分學(xué)生相信，興趣會(huì)使他們有更多的機(jī)會(huì)去發(fā)展人際交往能力，而這對(duì)他們未來(lái)找工作是非常有好處的。

4. not...until... 直到……才……

I didn't realize the importance of cooperating with others until I was chosen monitor of my class in my senior middle school. 直到上高中被選為班長(zhǎng)時(shí)，我才意識(shí)到與他人合作的重要性。

（二）話題佳句

1. My goal/aim is to be admitted to Tsinghua University. 我的目標(biāo)就是被清華大學(xué)錄取。

2. We should find proper ways to deal with this problem. 我們應(yīng)該找到合適的方法來(lái)處理這個(gè)問(wèn)題。

3. We consider it rude for the disabled to be made fun of by others. 我們認(rèn)為取笑殘疾人是一種很粗魯?shù)男袨椤?/p>

4. He has devoted his life to helping the disabled. 他一生都致力于幫助殘疾人。

5. There is no denying that the qualities of our living have been improved. 不可否認(rèn)，我們的生活質(zhì)量已經(jīng)提高了。

6. The progress of the society is based on harmony. 社會(huì)的進(jìn)步是以和諧為基礎(chǔ)的。

7. In addition， we should not neglect that everyone wants a friendly and peaceful society. 此外，我們不應(yīng)忽視每個(gè)人都想要一個(gè)友善、和平的社會(huì)。

8. There is no doubt that honesty still plays a very important role in public morality. 毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，誠(chéng)信在公共道德方面依然起著重要作用。

Ⅳ. 語(yǔ)篇速成

電子郵件的寫作模板

Dear_____________，

I am pleased to hear from you. And I would like to write a letter to tell you that_____________. （寒暄句加主題句）?_____________. （擴(kuò)展句一）_____________. （擴(kuò)展句二）_____________. （擴(kuò)展句三）

I will greatly appreciate a response at your earliest convenience./I am looking forward to your reply at your earliest convenience. （結(jié)束主體段落）

Best regards. （結(jié)束語(yǔ)）

Sincerely yours，

Li Hua

Part 3 應(yīng)用·晚練過(guò)關(guān)

假定你是李華，你的英國(guó)網(wǎng)友Jack對(duì)你校開(kāi)展的“養(yǎng)老院獻(xiàn)愛(ài)心”（Love Into Nursing Home）活動(dòng)很感興趣，發(fā)郵件向你咨詢相關(guān)情況。請(qǐng)你回復(fù)郵件，內(nèi)容包括：

1. 活動(dòng)目的;

2. 活動(dòng)內(nèi)容;

3. 你的感受。

注意：

1. 詞數(shù)100左右;

2. 可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

Dear Jack，

___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

Looking forward to your reply.

Yours，

Li Hua