蔣成暉
摘要:余熱排出泵(以下簡(jiǎn)稱RRA泵)用于核電站的反應(yīng)堆的余熱排出,對(duì)核電站的安全運(yùn)行起著重要的作用,以往每年例行檢修時(shí)翻轉(zhuǎn)提升效率較低。為此專門開發(fā)設(shè)計(jì)了一款翻轉(zhuǎn)設(shè)備,其有限元建模及力學(xué)分析的準(zhǔn)確性是其進(jìn)一步動(dòng)力學(xué)分析的基礎(chǔ)?;趧?dòng)、靜力學(xué)理論建立RRA翻轉(zhuǎn)提升過(guò)程中運(yùn)動(dòng)方程,采用有限元法得到動(dòng)力學(xué)方程;在有限元軟件中分別以實(shí)體單元對(duì)翻轉(zhuǎn)設(shè)備進(jìn)行有限元建模,分析了設(shè)備承載極限載荷時(shí)危險(xiǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)節(jié)點(diǎn)的最大應(yīng)力場(chǎng);應(yīng)用疲勞分析理論預(yù)測(cè)了主傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的疲勞壽命;分析評(píng)估了設(shè)備首次完成工件360°翻轉(zhuǎn)的安全可靠性與設(shè)備結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)的合理性。
關(guān)鍵詞:RRA;ANSYS有限元建模;力學(xué)分析;約束
Mechanical analysis of finite element modeling in the turning process of RRA pump turning equipment
Wang Xiangjiang, Liu Huaimin, Ding Li, Jiang Chenghui
(Hengyang 421001, School of mechanical engineering, Nanhua University)
Abstract: The residual heat removal pump (hereinafter referred to as RRA pump) is used for the residual heat removal of the reactor in the nuclear power plant, which plays an important role in the safe operation of the nuclear power plant. In the past, the efficiency of turning and lifting is low in the routine maintenance every year. For this reason, a special turning equipment is developed and designed. The accuracy of its finite element modeling and mechanical analysis is the basis of its further dynamic analysis. Based on the dynamic and static theory, the motion equation of RRA in the process of overturning and lifting is established, and the dynamic equation is obtained by the finite element method. In the finite element software, the finite element modeling of the overturning equipment is carried out by the entity element, and the maximum stress field of the dangerous moving node when the equipment bears the ultimate load is analyzed. The fatigue life of the main transmission system is predicted by the fatigue analysis theory. The analysis and evaluation are carried out The safety and reliability of 360 ° turning of workpieces completed by the equipment for the first time and the rationality of the structure design of the equipment are discussed.
Key Word:RRA; ANSYS finite element modeling; mechanical analysis; constraints
1.前言(Preface)
余熱排出泵(以下簡(jiǎn)稱RRA泵)的安全穩(wěn)定經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行是保證核電站安全的前提條件之一,每年需對(duì)RRA泵進(jìn)行檢修,在檢修過(guò)程中需要多次對(duì)其進(jìn)行翻轉(zhuǎn)提升以達(dá)到合適檢修工位,目前國(guó)內(nèi)幾乎所有的RRA泵翻轉(zhuǎn)提升普遍采用行車和鋼絲繩配合起吊的方法,這種方法翻轉(zhuǎn)提升過(guò)程可控性差,工件容易發(fā)生滑移,劃傷對(duì)精度要求較高的核電工件表面,甚至工件滑落造成安全事故,而且效率極低。
基于虛擬樣機(jī)技術(shù)對(duì)RRA泵自動(dòng)翻轉(zhuǎn)提升機(jī)危險(xiǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)節(jié)點(diǎn)及主傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行動(dòng)力學(xué)仿真分析,并與理論解析結(jié)果對(duì)比,確保分析結(jié)果更準(zhǔn)確、貼近實(shí)際;結(jié)合設(shè)備運(yùn)行過(guò)程中的動(dòng)力學(xué)分析結(jié)果,應(yīng)用ANSYS有限元分析軟件,分析設(shè)備危險(xiǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)節(jié)點(diǎn)的最大應(yīng)力場(chǎng),并對(duì)關(guān)鍵零部件如直線導(dǎo)軌、抱夾機(jī)構(gòu)、回轉(zhuǎn)驅(qū)動(dòng)、絲桿和腳輪等進(jìn)行強(qiáng)度校核;上述理論與仿真分析結(jié)果,為零部件結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)優(yōu)化提供可靠的參考依據(jù),對(duì)設(shè)備首次安全試車運(yùn)行及預(yù)測(cè)設(shè)備在今后使用過(guò)程中可能存在的問題具有重要參考價(jià)值;應(yīng)用理論解析推導(dǎo)設(shè)備翻轉(zhuǎn)提升工件不同工位時(shí),變量工位的最佳翻轉(zhuǎn)角度,制定最佳的翻轉(zhuǎn)工藝。結(jié)合上述翻轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)經(jīng)驗(yàn)與核電設(shè)備檢修廠家反饋意見,參考通用翻轉(zhuǎn)變位機(jī)工作原理,提出一種造價(jià)低廉、安全可靠、適用RRA泵絕大多數(shù)工位變位要求的翻轉(zhuǎn)提升機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)新方案,解決RRA泵檢修廠家翻轉(zhuǎn)變位工件效率低下的現(xiàn)狀。
2.RRA翻轉(zhuǎn)設(shè)備結(jié)構(gòu)(RRA upender structure)
本設(shè)計(jì)方案針對(duì)RRA泵檢修翻轉(zhuǎn)平臺(tái)的技術(shù)要求,根據(jù)翻轉(zhuǎn)和提升一體的實(shí)現(xiàn)原理進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì),所設(shè)計(jì)的翻轉(zhuǎn)平臺(tái)主要由底盤、提升裝置、回轉(zhuǎn)裝置、懸臂吊、抱夾、液壓系統(tǒng)、電控系統(tǒng)和輔助拆裝工裝等部分組成。本次工裝設(shè)計(jì)的重點(diǎn)是圍繞如何滿足安全穩(wěn)定性和可靠性進(jìn)行,兼顧機(jī)動(dòng)性和輕量化設(shè)計(jì)。本工裝能實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)RRA泵的上下直線可調(diào)速提升、360°可調(diào)速翻轉(zhuǎn)變位、液壓工裝輔助拆裝和懸臂吊起吊轉(zhuǎn)移零部件等功能。
檢修翻轉(zhuǎn)平臺(tái)三維模型如圖2.1所示:
3.有限元模型的建立(Establishment of finite element model)
3.1自由狀態(tài)下有限元模型
3.2節(jié)點(diǎn)約束狀態(tài)下有限元模型
4.仿真分析(Simulation analysis)
5.結(jié)束語(yǔ)(Conclusion)
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