怎樣寫好英文發(fā)言稿

陳坡

◎文體概述

發(fā)言稿是參加會議者為了在會議或重要活動上表達(dá)自己的意見、看法或匯報思想、工作情況而事先準(zhǔn)備好的文稿。

發(fā)言稿的格式一般由三部分構(gòu)成：

1. 稱呼。頂格書寫，常用的稱呼有Dear Mr/Mrs/Miss...、Dear Sir/Madam、Ladies and gentlemen等。

2. 正文。

3. 結(jié)束語。常用“Thank you for listening！”。

發(fā)言稿的寫作要注意以下三點(diǎn)：

1. 明確演講的對象很重要，針對不同的聽眾，發(fā)言的內(nèi)容不同;

2. 發(fā)言稿中的觀點(diǎn)要明確;

3. 發(fā)言稿的語言要通俗易懂、層次清晰、邏輯性強(qiáng)。

◎經(jīng)典句型

I am glad to have the opportunity to make this presentation. Today I shall be talking about...很高興有機(jī)會在此演講，今天我演講的內(nèi)容是……

Thank you from the bottom of my heart for giving me this chance to speak to you today. 我從心底感謝你們今天給我這次演講機(jī)會。

I am going to be speaking about something that is very important to all of us. 今天我要演講的內(nèi)容對我們所有人都很重要。

It's a great honor for me to make a speech on... 我很榮幸就……進(jìn)行演講。

Thank you for giving me the opportunity to make a speech here. 感謝大家給我機(jī)會在此演講。

The topic of my speech is... 我演講的主題是……

I will divide this topic into three main aspects. 我將分三個主要方面討論這個話題。

I would like to focus/concentrate on the problem of... 我想把重點(diǎn)集中在……問題上。

I hope this can give you some ideas of... 關(guān)于……我希望能給大家一些思路。

We all ought to be aware of the following points... The most important point is... 我們都應(yīng)該意識到以下幾點(diǎn)內(nèi)容……最重要的一點(diǎn)是……

Let me conclude my speech with the following comments.請讓我用下面的幾句話總結(jié)我的演講。

I hope I have made myself understood. Thank you for your listening. 希望我所說的大家都聽明白了。感謝大家的聆聽。

◎經(jīng)典考題

（2016·天津卷）假設(shè)你是晨光中學(xué)的學(xué)生會主席李津。一批來自英國的高中生與你校學(xué)生開展了為期兩周的交流活動?，F(xiàn)在，他們即將回國，你將在歡送會上致辭。請根據(jù)以下提示寫一篇發(fā)言稿。

（1）回顧雙方的交流活動（如學(xué)習(xí)、生活、體育、文藝等方面）;

（2）談?wù)勈斋@或感想;

（3）表達(dá)祝愿與期望。

注意：

（1）詞數(shù)不少于100;

（2）可適當(dāng)加入細(xì)節(jié)，使內(nèi)容充實、行文連貫;

（3）開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。

Dear friends，

How time flies！

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Thank you.

【試題解讀】

1. 審題立意

分析所給提示信息可知，本文是考查應(yīng)用文體裁中的發(fā)言稿。在謀篇布局方面常用三段式結(jié)構(gòu)，也就是開頭語、正文和結(jié)束語三部分。

另外，根據(jù)所給的提示信息可以看出，本文的時態(tài)應(yīng)以一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時為主，人稱則以第一和第二人稱為主。

2. 寫作要點(diǎn)

⑴為期兩周的交流活動即將結(jié)束;

⑵導(dǎo)入正題——代表所有學(xué)生在歡送會上致辭;

⑶回顧雙方的交流活動;

⑷談?wù)劥舜位顒拥氖斋@與感想;

⑸表達(dá)臨別后的祝愿與期望。

【佳作賞析1】

Dear friends，

How time flies！ Your visit to our school is drawing a close.① Please allow me to take this opportunity to bid your a fond farewell.②

During your stay with us， which lasted for two weeks， we communicated with each other so much that③ we developed deep friendship. We did so many activities together like learning the differences between China and Britain， playing basketball and games and so on. By this exchange activity， we have a deeper understanding of English culture.④ Besides， it's your enthusiasm and teamwork when you played basketball that give me a deep impression.⑤ At this farewell party， I will express my gratitude to all of you and I hope we can keep our friendship forever.

Looking forward to your coming to China again.⑥

Thank you.

亮點(diǎn)分析：全文中多數(shù)句子為簡單句，但也不缺乏高級句式，如強(qiáng)調(diào)句和when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句等。另一個優(yōu)點(diǎn)就是全文使用了多個高級短語，如communicate with、have a deeper understanding of、express one's gratitude、keep one's friendship、look forward to等。

①使用短語draw a close表明這次交流活動即將結(jié)束。

②短語allow sb to do sth和take this oppor-tunity to do sth，表明了作者在此演講的目的。

③so...that...結(jié)構(gòu)表示“如此……以至于……”，表明了作者與英國學(xué)生們友誼形成的過程和原因。

④句中have a deeper understanding of的使用，表達(dá)了作者對英國文化的理解程度，尤以deeper使用得更為恰當(dāng)。

⑤該句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)enthusiasm和team-work，句中when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。

⑥該句表達(dá)了作者對這些英國學(xué)生的誠摯邀請，且短語look forward to的使用表達(dá)了作者的期望。

【佳作賞析2】

Dear friends，

How time flies！ The two-week exchange activity is coming to a close①. As the chairman of the Students' Union， it's my honor to say something before you leave for England.②

During the two weeks， your friendliness and talents left us a deep impression.③ For one thing， you didn't hesitate to help us when we had difficulty learning English， which benefited us a lot④. For another⑤， when we played basketball after school， your wonderful performance and teamwork had a profound effect on us. It is by this activity that we have learned more about English culture.⑥ Much to our relief， you also love our Chinese culture and characters.

True friendship never ends. I hope we can keep in touch with each other. Welcome to China again.

Thank you.

亮點(diǎn)分析：本篇習(xí)作采用三段式的結(jié)構(gòu)布局，層次清晰、前后邏輯性較強(qiáng)。文中出現(xiàn)了高級句式，如定語從句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句，成為文章一大亮點(diǎn);并且作者使用了多個高級短語，表明作者的詞匯量豐富。

①句中短語come to a close的使用準(zhǔn)確。

②該句中it作形式主語，真正的主語為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。

③使用了短語leave sb a deep impression，表明此次活動對作者的影響。

④which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句為文章增色。

⑤for one thing和for another這組關(guān)聯(lián)詞的使用增加了文章的條理性。

⑥強(qiáng)調(diào)句式的靈活使用成為文章的一大亮點(diǎn)。

◎小試牛刀

假定你是李華，你們學(xué)校準(zhǔn)備在下學(xué)期每天安排一節(jié)自習(xí)課。學(xué)校英語社團(tuán)就此在學(xué)生中做了一項調(diào)查。請你根據(jù)以下調(diào)查結(jié)果用英語寫一篇發(fā)言稿。

內(nèi)容包括：

1. 陳述調(diào)查結(jié)果;

2. 談?wù)勀銈€人的選擇及理由。

注意：

1. 詞數(shù)100左右;

2. 可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫;

3. 開頭語已為你寫好，不計入總詞數(shù)。

參考詞匯：自習(xí)課 a period for individual study

Good morning， everyone！ Recently a sur-vey has been done in our school about whether it is necessary to set aside a period in each school day for individual study.

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Thank you very much for your attention！