必修3第5單元同步詞匯精講精練

倪慧琴

1. impress vt. 使印象深刻;使銘記

【經(jīng)典例句】

The film impressed me very much. 那部電影給我留下的印象很深。

He has the power to impress his beliefs on others. 他有能力使他的信仰深深地印在別人的腦海里。

The sights of the city left a deep impression on the tourists. 這個(gè)城市的風(fēng)光給游客留下了深刻印象。

What he said is quite impressive. 他說的話令人印象深刻。

【思維拓展】

impress sth. on / upon sb. = impress sb. with / by sth.= impress on sb. sth. 使某人銘記某事物;對……印象深刻;impression n. 印象;make / leave an impression on / upon... 給……一個(gè)印象;have the impression that 有……的印象;impressive adj. 令人印象深刻的

2. surround vt. & vi. 包圍;圍繞

【經(jīng)典例句】

She has always been surrounded with fashionable friends. 她周圍總有許多愛趕時(shí)髦的朋友。

The school was surrounded by / with a fence. 學(xué)校四周圍著籬笆。

Animals in zoos are not in their natural surroundings. 動(dòng)物園里的動(dòng)物不是生活在自然環(huán)境中。

【思維拓展】

surrounding adj. 周圍的;surroundings n. 環(huán)境（常用復(fù)數(shù)）;surround sb. / sth. with sb. / sth. 使……被……包圍;be surrounded by / with被……包圍或環(huán)繞

【易混辨析】

surrounding， condition與environment的區(qū)別：

surrounding作“環(huán)境”講時(shí)，用復(fù)數(shù)形式，主要指周圍的物質(zhì)環(huán)境;

condition作“環(huán)境，情況”講時(shí)，用復(fù)數(shù)形式，但它主要是指抽象意義上的;

environment作“環(huán)境”講，可指自然環(huán)境，也可指精神環(huán)境，著眼于環(huán)境對人的感受的影響。

3. measure vi. & vt. 測量;衡量;判定 n. 計(jì)量制;計(jì)量單位;措施;尺寸

【經(jīng)典例句】

The house is more than twenty metres long and measures six metres in width. 這座房子長20多米寬6米。

The tailor took my measure for a new suit. 裁縫量了我的尺寸準(zhǔn)備為我做套新衣服。

We should take measures to prevent war. 我們應(yīng)當(dāng)采取措施制止戰(zhàn)爭。

【思維拓展】

measure sb. for a suit給某人量身做一套衣服;measure sb. / sth. against sb. / sth. （以他人/他物）量，比;measure... by... 用……衡量……;take one's measure給某人量尺寸;take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事

【溫馨提示】

measure意為“有……長（寬、高、重）”時(shí)，為不及物動(dòng)詞，常用主動(dòng)形式。

4. distance n. 距離，遠(yuǎn)方

【經(jīng)典例句】

The painting can be only admired at a distance. 這幅畫要在遠(yuǎn)處欣賞。

Her father advised her to keep her distance from that fellow. 她父親勸她疏遠(yuǎn)那家伙。

What is the distance between Philadelphia and Chicago？ 從費(fèi)城到芝加哥有多遠(yuǎn)？

【思維拓展】

in the distance 在遠(yuǎn)方;from a distance 由遠(yuǎn)處;keep sb. at a distance 對某人冷淡，與某人疏遠(yuǎn);keep one's distance from 與……保持距離;at a distance 隔一段距離;距離遙遠(yuǎn);at a distance of 在……遠(yuǎn)的地方

5. manage to do設(shè)法做

【經(jīng)典例句】

At last I managed to persuade her to stay. 我終于說服了她留下。

We managed to fulfill the task ahead of time. 我們成功提前完成了任務(wù)。

I shall be able to manage it without help. 沒有幫助我一個(gè)人也能行。

【短語歸納】

manage to = succeed in doing sth. 設(shè)法做（成功做到了）某事;manage sth. 經(jīng)營，管理……; manage it 能做到

【易混辨析】

manage to do與try to do的區(qū)別：

manage to do指設(shè)法做成（完成）某事，含有成功之意。

He worked hard and managed to pass the exam. 他努力學(xué)習(xí)并順利通過了考試。

try to do 指努力做某事，但不一定成功。

He tried to pass the exam， but failed because of laziness. 他試圖想通過考試，但是由于懶惰而最終失敗了。

6. catch sight of 看見;瞥見

【經(jīng)典例句】

Don't let me catch sight of you doing it again！ 別讓我再看到你干這種事了！

I caught sight of my former teacher just now， but he turned a corner and I lost sight of him. 我剛剛看到我以前的老師了。但他轉(zhuǎn)彎后，我就看不到他了。

She felt sick at the sight of the dead rat. 她一見那只死老鼠就感到惡心。

【短語歸納】

at first sight 第一眼就;乍看之下;at the sight of 一看見;in sight 在看得見的范圍內(nèi);out of sight 看不見;come in sight 進(jìn)入視線，映入眼簾;lose one's sight 喪失視力;have good / poor sight 視力好/差;fix one's sight on 把目光固定在……;in the sight of 由……看來;lose sight of 看不見

7. rather than 與其;不愿

【經(jīng)典例句】

Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad， he sold them at half price. 與其讓蔬菜爛掉，他不如半價(jià)把它們賣掉了。

He is an explorer rather than a sailor. 與其說他是一個(gè)海員，不如說他是一個(gè)探險(xiǎn)者。

The teacher rather than the students is to blame. 應(yīng)受責(zé)備的是老師而不是學(xué)生。

【短語歸納】

prefer to do... rather than do... =would rather do... than do=would do... rather than do 寧愿……而不愿……;other than除了……;or rather更確切地說

【溫馨提示】

rather than作“是……而不是……”講時(shí)，等于instead of。rather than連接兩個(gè)名詞或代詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與rather than前面的名詞或代詞在人稱和數(shù)量上保持一致。rather than連接的并列成分可以是名詞、代詞、形容詞、介詞短語、動(dòng)名詞、分詞、不定式以及謂語動(dòng)詞等。rather than連接兩個(gè)并列不定式時(shí)，后面的不定式可省略to。但是，當(dāng)rather than位于句首時(shí)，則只能接不帶to 的不定式。

【詞匯精練】

一、單詞薈萃。

1. ________ vt. 包圍，圍繞→________ n. 周圍的事物，環(huán)境→________ adj. 周圍的

2. ________ n. 行李→________ n. （同義詞）

3. ________ n. 距離→________ adj. 遙遠(yuǎn)的

4. ________ n. 傳統(tǒng)→________ adj. 傳統(tǒng)的

5. ________ vt. 使印象深刻→________ n. 印象→________ adj. 印象深刻的

6. ________ vt. 恐嚇→________ adj. 感到恐懼的→________ adj. 令人恐懼的

7. ________ v. 混合→________ n. 混合物

8. ________ adj. 輕微的→________ adv. 輕微地

9. ________ adv. 向東→________ adj. 東方的→________ n. 東方

10. ________ adj. 富有的→________ n. 財(cái)富

二、單項(xiàng)選擇。

1. I called the airline to ________ my flight reservation a week before I left for New York.

A. appoint? ? ? ? ? B. accept? ? ? ? ? ? C. confirm? ? ? ? ? D. admit

2. The launch pad from which Shenzhou VI is launched can be seen from a ________ of 10 miles.

A. length B. distance C. way D. space

3. The classroom ________ 30 feet long.

A. measures? ? ? ? B. is measured? ? ? ? C. has? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? D. has length

4. —What ________ did the country leave you after a year of your staying there？

—Well， I think what ________ me most was the friendliness of the people there.

A. impression; impressed? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. was impressed; impressed

C. was impressed on; impressing? ? ? ? ? D. had impressed; was impressed

5. The building ________ by trees and flowers is where the girls practice dancing.

A. surrounding B. is surrounding? ? ? C. surrounded ? ? D. is surrounded