選修8第5單元重點(diǎn)單詞

浙江杭州 陳蘭娥

1. interrupt [Intpt]

vt. 打斷;打擾;

Don't interrupt the speaker; ask your questions afterwards. 不要打斷演講者， 結(jié)束后你再問(wèn)問(wèn)題。

I wish you wouldn't interrupt me all the time. 我希望你不要總是打擾我。

vt. 中斷;阻斷

Traffic was interrupted by floods. 交通被洪水阻斷了。

vi. 打斷;打擾

Sorry to interrupt， but there is someone to see you. 對(duì)不起打擾一下，有人要見(jiàn)你。

派生詞interruption [C] 打斷;打攪;使中斷的事

Numerous interruptions have prevented me from finishing the work. 無(wú)數(shù)干擾使我未能完成工作。

【考題鏈接】 A woman excused the ______ and handed me an envelope.

答案：interruption

2. acute [kju：t]

adj. 敏銳的;靈敏的

His hearing is so acute that he can even hear a pin drop. 他的聽(tīng)覺(jué)非常靈敏，能聽(tīng)到一根針落地的聲音。

adj. 劇烈的;厲害的

The pain was acute， and I couldn't forgive Denny for leaving me. 那是劇烈的傷痛，我不能原諒丹尼離我而去。

adj. 嚴(yán)重的;（疾?。┘毙缘?/p>

There is an acute shortage of food. 那里食物匱乏。

派生詞acutely adv. 尖銳地;劇烈地

Those tensions have been felt most acutely by women. 這種緊張的氛圍最能夠被女性深切地感受到。

【考題鏈接】 A new review based on a research shows that ______ stress affects the way the brain considers the advantages and disadvantages.

答案：acute

3. assume

vt. 假定;設(shè)想;認(rèn)為

Let's assume the statement to be true. 讓我們假設(shè)這個(gè)說(shuō)法是正確的。

So we think it is reasonable to assume they lived in these caves， regardless of the cold. 因此，我們有理由認(rèn)為他們不顧嚴(yán)寒就住在這些洞穴里。

vt. 呈現(xiàn);裝出（……的樣子）

He assumed an air of concern. 他裝出關(guān)心的樣子。

派生詞 assumption [C] 假定;假設(shè)

The assumption that human clones have already been born hasn't been proved yet. 克隆人已經(jīng)問(wèn)世的假設(shè)還沒(méi)有被證實(shí)。

【考題鏈接】 Why do we often ______ that more is more when it comes to kids and their belongings？

答案：assume

4. regardless

adv. 不管;不顧

Despite her recent surgery， she has been carrying on regardless. 盡管最近做了手術(shù)，她還是不顧一切地進(jìn)行下去。

adj. 不注意的;不顧的

He is regardless of his appearance. 他不在乎他的外表。

regardless of不注意;不顧

It takes in anybody regardless of religion， color， or creed. 任何人，不論宗教、膚色或信仰，都可以加入。

Regardless of whether he is right or wrong， we have to abide by his decisions. 不管他正確與否，我們都得服從他的決定。

【考題鏈接】 ______ of the weather or the distance， Paul Wilson will make sure low-income students in his neighborhood arrive at their college classes on time.

答案：Regardless

5. arrest

vt. 逮捕;拘留

A man has been arrested in connection with the robbery. 一名男子因與這樁搶劫案有關(guān)已被拘留。

She was arrested for drug-related offences. 她因涉嫌毒品犯罪而被逮捕。

vt. 阻止;中止

They failed to arrest the company's decline. 他們未能阻止公司的衰落。

vt. 吸引（注意）

An unusual noise arrested his attention. 一陣不尋常的嘈雜聲引起了他的注意。

vi. 心跳停止

He arrested on the way to the hospital. 他在送往醫(yī)院途中停止了心跳。

[U， C] 逮捕;拘捕

She was under arrest on suspicion of murder. 她因涉嫌謀殺而被逮捕。

易混辨析arrest， capture， catch與seize

arrest指對(duì)罪犯或犯罪嫌疑人進(jìn)行拘捕并予以監(jiān)禁或拘留;capture 指通過(guò)使用武力或計(jì)謀等捉住人或動(dòng)物并將其關(guān)押;catch? 是普通用詞，多指通過(guò)追蹤、武力、突襲等捉住跑動(dòng)或隱藏中的人或動(dòng)物;seize? 指突然而有力地抓取。

He was arrested by the police. 他被警察逮捕了。

He was captured in a battle. 他在一次戰(zhàn)斗中被俘。

The police caught the thief. 警察抓住了那個(gè)竊賊。

Suddenly the little girl seized his arm. 那個(gè)小女孩突然抓住他的胳膊。

【考題鏈接】 She was put under house

______ two years ago but remained a powerful symbol in last year's election.

答案：arrest

6. identify [aIdentIfaI]

vt. 確認(rèn);認(rèn)出;鑒定

She was able to identify her attacker. 她認(rèn)出了襲擊她的人。

First of all we must identify the problem areas. 首先我們必須找出問(wèn)題所在。

vt. 找到;發(fā)現(xiàn)

Scientists have identified a link between diet and cancer. 科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)了飲食與癌癥之間的關(guān)聯(lián)。

vt. 顯示;說(shuō)明身份

Please identify yourself and the name of your organization. 請(qǐng)報(bào)出各位的姓名及單位。

派生詞identification [U] 認(rèn)出;識(shí)別;身份的證明

Early identification of a disease can prevent death and illness. 疾病的及早診斷可以避免死亡與病痛。

易混辨析identify， recognize與distinguish

identify 指確認(rèn)、認(rèn)出、鑒定;recognize 指認(rèn)識(shí)、認(rèn)出、辨別出;distinguish（通常用于否定句）指看清、認(rèn)出、聽(tīng)出、區(qū)分出。

Police have already identified around 10 murder suspects. 警方已經(jīng)確認(rèn)了大約10名謀殺案嫌疑犯。

I recognized him as soon as he came in the room. 他一進(jìn)屋我就認(rèn)出了他。

She could not distinguish the make of the car in the fading light. 她在漸暗的暮色中看不清楚汽車的型號(hào)。

【考題鏈接】 If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work， you should take a step back and ______ those importance.

答案：identify

7. accuracy

[U] 準(zhǔn)確（度）;精密（性）

They questioned the accuracy of the information in the file. 他們懷疑檔案中信息的準(zhǔn)確性。

She hits the ball with great accuracy. 她擊球十分準(zhǔn)確。

派生詞 accurate adj. 精確的

My watch is not very accurate. 我的表走得不很準(zhǔn)。

inaccuracy [U] 不準(zhǔn)確（度）;不精密（性）

If you compare the translation with the original， you will find the inaccuracy. 如果你把譯文和原文比對(duì)一下，你就會(huì)找到不準(zhǔn)確的地方。

【考題鏈接】 Also， you need to check the ______ of your particular project.

答案：accuracy

8. scratch

vt. 撓;搔（癢處）

John yawned and scratched his chin. 約翰打個(gè)哈欠，撓撓下巴。

vt. 劃破，抓破，劃傷，抓傷（皮膚）

She scratched herself on a nail. 她在釘子上劃了一下。

vt. （尤指意外地）擦破，劃損，刮壞

The car's paintwork is badly scratched. 車的漆面劃損得很厲害。

vi. 搔;抓

Hens scratch for worms. 母雞扒尋蟲(chóng)子。

[C]（皮膚或物體表面上的）劃痕，劃傷

Her hands were covered in scratches from the brambles. 她手上布滿了荊棘劃的口子。

【考題鏈接】 Then he rearranged several items on the shelf of the hall closet and set it down gingerly， so as not to ______ the carved handle.

答案：scratch

9. analysis

[U， C]（對(duì)事物的）分析，分析結(jié)果

The book is an analysis of poverty and its causes. 這本書(shū)分析了貧困及其原因。

[U， C]（對(duì)物質(zhì)的）分析

The blood samples are sent to the laboratory for analysis. 血樣被送往實(shí)驗(yàn)室進(jìn)行分析。

You can ask for a chemical analysis of your tap water. 你可以要求給你的自來(lái)水做化學(xué)分析。

in the final/last analysis 歸根結(jié)底;總之

In the final analysis， it's a matter of personal choice. 歸根結(jié)底，這是個(gè)人的選擇。

【考題鏈接】 According to the ______ of Babbitt's team， old desktop monitors and box TVs are the worst devices with their energy consumption.

答案：analysis

10. significance

[U， C] 重要性;意義

The new drug has great significance for the treatment of the disease. 這種新藥對(duì)于這種病的治療有重大的意義。

They discussed the statistical significance of the results. 他們討論了這些結(jié)果在統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)上的意義。

[U， C] 意思;含義

She couldn't grasp the full significance of what he had said. 她未能充分領(lǐng)會(huì)他那番話的意思。

—Do these symbols have any particular significance？ 這些符號(hào)有什么特別的含義嗎？

—Religious significance. 宗教意義。

派生詞significant adj. 有重大意義的;顯著的

Police said there had been a significant development in the case. 警方說(shuō)此案已經(jīng)有了重大進(jìn)展。

易混辨析significance， implication與importance

significance 著重指內(nèi)在的或?qū)ξ磥?lái)的意義、重要性;implication 指未直接表達(dá)出的暗含之意;importance 是普通用詞，指某事物具有的重大價(jià)值、意義、影響等。

He has realized the true significance of her actions. 他已經(jīng)認(rèn)識(shí)到了她的行動(dòng)的重要性。

What are the implications of this statement？ 這一聲明的含意是什么？

The test is of special importance. 這次試驗(yàn)特別重要。

These letters are of no importance. 這些信件沒(méi)有意義。

【考題鏈接】 Scientific and Cultural Organization recently set April 30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music， its ______， and its potential as a unifying（聯(lián)合） voice across cultures.

答案：significance