主題語境四：文學(xué)與藝術(shù)

四川雙流中學(xué) 蔣建平（特級教師）

感知·素養(yǎng)解讀

文學(xué)，修身養(yǎng)性，豐富內(nèi)涵；藝術(shù)，陶冶情操，提升品位?！拔膶W(xué)與藝術(shù)”主題與我們的實際生活密切相關(guān)，對學(xué)生了解國內(nèi)外的文學(xué)與藝術(shù)形式，及其特點、歷史、發(fā)展與創(chuàng)新等都有幫助。該主題能夠引導(dǎo)學(xué)生接受和尊重不同國家和民族的文學(xué)與藝術(shù)，并親身感受文學(xué)與藝術(shù)的魅力。“文學(xué)與藝術(shù)”主題涉及的主要內(nèi)容有：（1）Forms of literature and art （play,drama,novel,essay,poetry,short story）； （2）Famous literature people and artists。

近幾年的高考英語閱讀理解常涉及“文學(xué)與藝術(shù)”主題，旨在要求考生在日常生活中了解文學(xué)與藝術(shù)領(lǐng)域，多關(guān)注當(dāng)代文學(xué)與藝術(shù)的發(fā)展動向，親自去感受文學(xué)與藝術(shù)的魅力，開闊視野，提升文學(xué)素養(yǎng)。

探究·語庫構(gòu)建

語境串記

Chaplin—a famous comedy actor

Chaplin was an extraordinary performer 1._______starred in and directed many outstanding comedies.Few were bored watching his moustache,his gestures or his 2._______（entertain）reactions when chased by detectives.Being drunk,sliding on a banana skin or whispering his own failures to nobody,he made us feel more content with our life without any verbal3._______（explain）.Hisparticular sense of humor has astonished everybody throughout the world up to now.

In a small-budget film,he played a badly-off and 4._______（home）person wearing worn-out shoes and messy clothes.On one occasion,he 5._______（trap）by a snowstorm in a vast 6.________（mountain） area.7._______he overcame many difficulties,he wasn't fortunate enough.With all the porridge 8_______（eat） up,he picked out a shoe and boiled it to eat.He cut off the leather bottom and chewed it like a pancake.According to 9._______actress,his acting was so convincing and amusing that everybody couldn't help 10._______（burst） into laughter.

著名喜劇演員卓別林

卓別林是一名卓越的演員，他主演并導(dǎo)演了多部杰出的喜劇。看見他的小胡子和手勢，還有面對警探追捕時有趣的反應(yīng)，很少有人會覺得厭煩。喝醉酒，踩到香蕉皮滑倒，或者自言自語（低語）自己的糗事，他不需要任何語言解釋的表演總是讓我們對自己的生活感到更加滿意。他獨特的幽默感直到現(xiàn)在依然使世界各地的人們都感到驚訝。

在一部小預(yù)算電影里，他穿著磨破的鞋子和臟兮兮的衣服，扮演了一個貧窮又無家可歸的人。在一幕場景中，他被一場暴風(fēng)雪困在一片多山的區(qū)域里。盡管他克服了許多困難，但是他還是運氣不好。粥都吃完了，他只好挑出一只鞋子煮來吃。他切下皮革的鞋底，像嚼烙餅一樣地咀嚼起來。據(jù)一名女演員所說，他的表演如此令人信服而又逗人發(fā)笑，讓在場的所有人都忍不住大笑起來。

素材積累

（一）閱讀詞匯整合（明其義）

【核心單詞】

1.comment v.&n.評論

2.describe v.描述；形容

description n.描述；描寫；類型

3.recommend v.推薦

4.display n.&v.展示；陳列

5.inspiration n.靈感；妙計

inspire v.鼓舞；啟發(fā)思考

inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的

6.performance n.表演

perform v.表演；做

performer n.表演者

7.imagination n.想象力

8.design n.&v.設(shè)計；構(gòu)思

designer n.設(shè)計師

9.admire v.欣賞

admiration n.欽佩；羨慕

【高頻短語】

1.adapt...from... 根據(jù)……改編……

2.be based on 以……為依據(jù)

3.be set in 以……為背景

4.have an influence on 對……有影響

5.put on 演出；上演

6.play the role of ...扮演……

7.give life to 賦予……生命(力)

8.on exhibition/display/show 正在展出

【主題整合】

文學(xué)

1.adventure story 探險小說

2.crime story 偵探小說

3.thriller 驚險小說

4.mystery 推理小說

5.horror fiction 恐怖小說

6.science fiction 科幻小說

7.children's literature 兒童文學(xué)

8.classical literature/works 古典文學(xué)/作品

9.biography 傳記

10.autobiography 自傳

11.drama 戲劇

12.essay 論說文；小品文

13.reportage 新聞報道；報道文體

14.poem 詩

15.fairy tale 童話故事

16.fable 寓言

影視

1.crime film 犯罪片

2.thriller film 驚悚片

3.horror film 恐怖片

4.martial arts film/action film 武打片

5.romantic film 愛情片

6.documentary film 紀(jì)錄片

7.military/war film 戰(zhàn)爭片

8.detective film 偵探電影

9.comedy 喜劇

10.tragedy 悲劇

11.TV series 電視連續(xù)劇

12.chat show 訪談節(jié)目

13.quiz show 知識競賽節(jié)目

14.soap opera 肥皂劇

15.sports program 體育節(jié)目

美術(shù)

1.Chinese landscape painting 中國山水畫

2.oil painting 油畫

3.watercolor 水彩畫

4.charcoal drawing 素描

5.portrait 肖像畫

6.sculpture 雕塑；雕刻作品

7.statue 塑像；雕像

8.wood carving 木雕

（二）寫作詞匯運用（悉其用）

根據(jù)漢語提示或所給單詞的正確形式完成句子。

1.This new film is said ________(adapt)from a novel by Jane Austen.

2.Harry Potter stories are so______(appeal)that they encourage children to read more.

3.Today the Swedish Academy is coming under heavy __________（criticize） both from within and outside.

4.She wanted to work for a bigger and more ________（influence） newspaper.

5.The Academy has defended itself against such charges of__________（狹隘）in its selection.

6.As your close friend,I know you are fond of Chinese culture,especially________(戲曲)culture.

7．I have made some Chinese knots by myself,which can be used ________(裝飾)my house．

8.I noticed that in front of the________（畫廊）stood many students holding flowers,waiting for the arrival of the famous artist.

9.As we all know,Xu Zhimo was a very famous Chinese romantic _________(詩人)who lived in the early 20th century.

10.The novel was first written in English and later ________(translate)into Chinese.

（三）核心句型表達（精于表）

根據(jù)要求翻譯下列句子。

1.我認(rèn)為我們學(xué)生如果想盡可能多地了解偉大的文學(xué)作品，最好還是讀原著。

譯法一：（主從復(fù)合句；opinion/view）

譯法二：（含賓語從句）

譯法三：（含同位語從句；view）

2.一位私人收藏家擁有這幅油畫。它具有極高的收藏價值。

譯法一：（用并列句）

譯法二：（簡單句；in the possession of）

譯法三：（用過去分詞短語作定語）

譯法四：（定語從句；in possession of）

3.一些經(jīng)典作品不僅能讓我們感到喜悅和興奮，而且還鼓勵我們批判地思考。

譯法一：（并列句）

譯法二：（倒裝句）

4.瑪麗亞已寫了兩部小說，這兩部小說都被拍成了電視劇。

譯法一：（并列句）

譯法二：（含非限制性定語從句）

譯法三：（含獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)）

實踐·主題測評

知識維度診斷評價

Ⅰ.單句填空

1.She graduated from the Shanghai Conservatory of Music,________she also studied the guzheng in 1993.

2．The moment they start to play,it is clear that the members of Twelve Girls Band are among the most _______（gift） musicians in the world.

3.In addition to the awards themselves,there are also _______（performance） by famous artists at the ceremony.

4.Therefore,the Grammys are not taken _______（serious） by some musicians or music fans.5.As well as ________（attract） huge audiences in its Hong Kong home,Cantopop has spread offshore,and its stars are known in Beijing,London and New York.

6.My elder brother thinks staying at home and reading some classic works quietly in a situation of his own can help him _______（well） understand the author's ideas.

7.British artist L.S.Lowry，is one of Britain's best loved painters,whose paintings of industrial,working-class Britain brought him popular _______（famous） in the UK.

8.Benjamin West,the father of American painting,showed his talent_______art when he was only six years of age.

9.Williams,a well-known painter,came to see him work,and _______（impress） with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home.

10.It was not long _______the artist's career began to take off.

Ⅱ.單句改錯

1.Songs that are spoken rather than sing are called rap.________

2.While it is likely that Benjamin West understood very few about the books,they were his introduction to classical paintings.________

3.These were the first pictures and first real brushes Benjamin has ever seen.________

4.Those two books on painting were my companions by the day,and under my pillow at night.________

5.For the last 115 years,the Swedish Academy has decided who will receive the Nobel Prize in Literature,thus determines who will be promoted from the great and the near great to the immortal(不朽的人物).________

6.Critics argue that the select of the winners often has less to do with true writing ability than with the peculiar politics inside the Academy and Sweden itself.________

7.If for no other reason,the Nobel Prize in Literature will continue to be desirable for the financial rewards that accompany them.________

8.The Swedish Academy says that its physical distance from the great literary capitals of the world actually serves to protect the Academy from many outside influence.________

9.His works have had a influence on many modern writers.________

10.As we all know,Chinese knots means reunion,friendly,warmth,peace and love,so I think they will sell well.________

Ⅲ.語篇填詞

選用所給單詞的正確形式填空，使短文意思完整。

drop,read,respect,bring,bestseller,recognize,wide,important,understand,well

The literary life of Robert Frost:An overview

Robert Frost(1874—1963)was the statesman of American letters in the twentieth century,a rare national poet who was read and 1._______by both university professors and everyday citizens.Robert Frost's poetry is 2._______read,and he is also one of the most 3._______writers in the United States for the complexity of his poems.

Though born in California,Frost 4._______up in New England.After 5._______out of Dartmouth College to seek his literary dream,he remained unknown for years.Finally,Frost left the United States in 1912 to see whether his work might be 6._______received in London.Fellow American poet Amy Lowell adored（崇拜）Frost's work and brought it back to the United States,publicizing it insistently.Soon afterwards Frost's collections became 7._______,and Frost became a famous figure.

From then on,Frost was on his way to the lifelong respect and 8._______for his achievements in poetry.In 1961,he was invited to read a poem for the presidential inauguration(總統(tǒng)就職典禮)of John F.Kennedy.This was perhaps his last poetry reading in front of a wide national audience before his death in 1963.More 9.________,Frost became the first poet 10._______a poem at a presidential inauguration.

素養(yǎng)維度發(fā)展評價（見第53～54頁）