糖尿病老年患者行人工髖關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)的圍手術(shù)期護(hù)理干預(yù)效果觀察

肖紅玉　鐘紅華

[摘要] 目的 觀察圍手術(shù)期護(hù)理干預(yù)在糖尿病老年患者行人工髖關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)中的護(hù)理效果及影響。方法 2017年2月—2019年3月間納入該院行人工髖關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)的老年糖尿病患者共74例為護(hù)理研究對(duì)象，開展回顧性分析，將其分為對(duì)照組與干預(yù)組，各組均為37例。對(duì)照組接受常規(guī)圍手術(shù)期護(hù)理，干預(yù)組接受圍手術(shù)期護(hù)理干預(yù)。對(duì)比兩組手術(shù)前后血糖指標(biāo)變化、髖關(guān)節(jié)功能評(píng)分變化，術(shù)后恢復(fù)指標(biāo)及手術(shù)并發(fā)癥情況。結(jié)果 血糖指標(biāo)及髖關(guān)節(jié)功能評(píng)分術(shù)前檢驗(yàn)、測(cè)評(píng)結(jié)果組間對(duì)比差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P>0.05）。術(shù)后，干預(yù)組血糖指標(biāo)、髖關(guān)節(jié)功能評(píng)分、術(shù)后恢復(fù)指標(biāo)均明顯優(yōu)于干預(yù)組，干預(yù)組手術(shù)并發(fā)癥率低于對(duì)照組（P<0.05）。結(jié)論 圍手術(shù)期護(hù)理干預(yù)的應(yīng)用，可實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)糖尿病老年患者血糖變化及髖關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)預(yù)后效果的有效改善，護(hù)理效果顯著。

[關(guān)鍵詞] 人工髖關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù);圍手術(shù)期護(hù)理干預(yù);護(hù)理效果

[中圖分類號(hào)] R47? ? ? ? ? [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] A? ? ? ? ? [文章編號(hào)] 1672-4062（2020）02（b）-0153-03

[Abstract] Objective To observe the nursing effect and influence of perioperative nursing intervention on artificial hip joint replacement in elderly patients with diabetes. Methods From February 2017 to MaA total of 74 elderly diabetic patients who underwent artificial hip arthroplasty in our hospital were the nursing research subjects. A retrospective analysis was performed and they were divided into the control group and the intervention group， with 37 cases in each group. The control group received routine perioperative nursing， and the intervention group received perioperative nursing intervention. The changes of blood glucose index， hip function score， postoperative recovery index and surgical complications were compared between the two groups. Results There were no statistically significant differences in blood glucose indexes and hip function scores between preoperative tests and evaluation groups（P>0.05）. Postoperatively， the blood glucose index， hip function score， and postoperative recovery index of the intervention group were significantly better than those of the intervention group， and the complication rate of the intervention group was lower than that of the control group （P<0.05）. Conclusion The application of perioperative nursing intervention can effectively improve the blood glucose change and prognosis of hip replacement in elderly patients with diabetes， and the nursing effect is significant.

[Key words] Artificial hip replacement; Perioperative nursing intervention; Nursing effect

糖尿病作為臨床常見的手術(shù)合并癥，患者血糖的變化對(duì)手術(shù)時(shí)間安排及手術(shù)效果均具有顯著影響，特別是對(duì)于人工髖關(guān)節(jié)置管術(shù)手術(shù)類型而言，血糖指標(biāo)異常對(duì)患者術(shù)后創(chuàng)傷愈合、機(jī)體感染抵御機(jī)能等均具有明顯不良影響，而糖尿病老年患者自身血糖水平較高且免疫機(jī)能較差，故其在人工髖關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)后的感染風(fēng)險(xiǎn)較為明顯，故不僅需在術(shù)前做好對(duì)糖尿病手術(shù)患者血糖的糾正治療，還需通過圍手術(shù)期護(hù)理干預(yù)方式的合理選取，實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)其血糖穩(wěn)定性及手術(shù)安全性的有效維護(hù)[1-2]。護(hù)理干預(yù)作為基于醫(yī)學(xué)理論學(xué)科而發(fā)展形成的護(hù)理干預(yù)措施，可通過相應(yīng)護(hù)理措施的開展，實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)患者手術(shù)預(yù)后并發(fā)癥的有效預(yù)防，且在臨床中具有較為廣泛的應(yīng)用。因此，為觀察圍手術(shù)期護(hù)理干預(yù)在糖尿病老年患者行人工髖關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)中的護(hù)理效果及影響，特開展該次研究，現(xiàn)分析2017年2月—2019年3月間在該院行人工髖關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)的老年糖尿病患者74例的臨床資料，報(bào)道如下。

1? 資料與方法