中國阿拉伯書法共展“東方智慧”

文本刊記者 張亞萌 ZHANG Yameng

“阿拉伯書法線條感強(qiáng)烈，柔中帶剛，并且將中國文化中的陰陽結(jié)合充分吸收并體現(xiàn)出來。由于書寫工具的不同，漢字書法大氣、豪邁，潑墨于宣紙之上，而阿拉伯文書法嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)、細(xì)膩，通過書寫伊斯蘭賢哲的箴言，給人們提供了精神上的食糧，展示了伊斯蘭文化所蘊(yùn)含的獨(dú)特審美?！?月30日，在阿卜杜勒·阿齊茲國王公共圖書館北京大學(xué)分館開館儀式舉辦之際，由中國書協(xié)、阿卜杜勒·阿齊茲國王公共圖書館北京大學(xué)分館主辦的“東方智慧——中沙書法文化交流展”同期開幕，在開幕儀式上，中國書協(xié)主席蘇士澍向各界嘉賓如此介紹。

此次“東方智慧——中沙書法文化交流展”以文字、作品、文獻(xiàn)實(shí)物和多媒體技術(shù)等手段展示了中國與阿拉伯書法的核心文化理念、藝術(shù)特色、經(jīng)典作品與當(dāng)代中國、阿拉伯書法家的創(chuàng)作成果。展覽以書法藝術(shù)為切入點(diǎn)，展示雙方的文化淵源和文明成果，是藝術(shù)的交流、文明的對(duì)話、歷史的禮敬。

中國的書法是中華民族在幾千年漢字書寫的過程中形成的一種獨(dú)特藝術(shù)形式，是東方藝術(shù)的代表性元素，有著深厚的文化底蘊(yùn)和群眾基礎(chǔ)。漢字通過書寫，在完成表情達(dá)意的實(shí)用功能的同時(shí)，以獨(dú)特的表現(xiàn)形式和筆墨韻律，融入人們對(duì)自然、社會(huì)、生命以及生活的感悟與思考，從而表達(dá)出人們的哲學(xué)思想、人格精神與情感意趣。而阿拉伯書法是阿拉伯藝術(shù)和伊斯蘭文明發(fā)展的實(shí)錄。書法家用敏銳的觀察、豐富的想象、嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)募挤ê凸に嚸栏校龠M(jìn)了書法藝術(shù)的日臻完善。各類書體都具有鮮明的造型規(guī)律和嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)臉?gòu)成規(guī)則，其背后隱含著精確的幾何概念。每個(gè)字母都以點(diǎn)、圓、線作為基本造型因素，將阿拉伯書法追求純凈的線條美發(fā)揮到極致。

阿拉伯傳統(tǒng)的書法作品，嚴(yán)格依照比例法則，橫平、豎直、斜線與曲線之間相切相磋，刻化成文。拓寫之后，再行琢磨，對(duì)字跡邊緣進(jìn)行修整美化?！叭缜腥绱?，如琢如磨”，《詩經(jīng)》的樸素言說，遙遙回應(yīng)了阿拉伯書法美學(xué)和人生的奧秘。心與物諧，切磋琢磨即是品德修行，精益求精更是心靈凈化。

中阿書法藝術(shù)都講究節(jié)奏與韻律，前者以運(yùn)筆的提按起伏和墨色的深淺變化來實(shí)現(xiàn)，后者則把相同斜度的字詞進(jìn)行重復(fù)有序的排列。對(duì)于中阿書法藝術(shù)而言，“平衡”都是相對(duì)存在的，是諸多不平衡因素依照美的原則組合后達(dá)到整體的、全局的平衡。

中阿書法本質(zhì)相同，雖窮極線條流變和章法演繹，卻由“一”而生，由“一”衍化，始終貫穿著東方哲學(xué)最高精神“萬物歸一”之道。蘇士澍表示，無論中國書法藝術(shù)還是阿拉伯書法藝術(shù)，正因?yàn)闀ㄋN(yùn)含的體現(xiàn)精神上的智慧與力量，才有了書法藝術(shù)傳承、發(fā)展與繁榮的內(nèi)在生命力，“東方智慧”才會(huì)一脈相承。

"Arabic calligraphy has a strong sense of lines with hardness amid soft genre, and fully absorbs and reflects the combination of Yin and Yang in the Chinese culture.Due to the differences in writing instruments, Chinese characters calligraphy is bold and magnificent, and inked on rice paper, and Arabic calligraphy is rigorous and delicate.Through the writing of Islamic sages’mottos, it provides people with spiritual food and demonstrates the unique aesthetics embodied in Islamic culture."On March 30th, the Oriental Wisdom-Saudi China Calligraphy & Culture Exhibition, organized by China Calligraphers Association and Saudi Arabia King Abdulaziz Public Library-Peking University Branch, has been held amid the opening ceremony of the latter institution. During the occasion, SU Shishu, President of CCA made the remarks to the attending participants.

Demonstrated by means of texts, works, documents, and multimedia techniques, the Oriental Wisdom-Saudi China Calligraphy & Culture Exhibition has showcased the core cultural concepts, artistic characteristics, classic works of Chinese and Arabic calligraphy and the creative achievement of contemporary Chinese and Arabic calligraphers.The exhibition takes calligraphy art as an entry point to showcase the cultural origins of both parties and the achievements of civilization, playing the role as an exchange of art, a dialogue of civilizations and a tribute to history.

Chinese calligraphy, a unique art form established by the Chinese nation in the process of writing Chinese characters for thousands of years, is a representative element of oriental art with a profound cultural heritage and population foundation.Through the writing of Chinese characters, while completing the practical functions of expressions, it integrates people’s perceptions of nature, society, life and living in a unique expression form and brush-and-ink rhythm, thereby expressing people’s philosophical thoughts, personality, emotions andinterests. However, the Arabic calligraphy is an actual record of Arab art and the development of Islamic civilization.The keen observation,rich imagination, rigorous techniques and craftsmanship of calligraphers have contributed to the improvement of calligraphy art. All kinds of styles have distinctive modeling rules and rigorous composition rules,behind which are the precise geometric concepts. Each letter is based on points, circles, and lines as the basic modeling factors, and the pursuit of pure line art in Arabic calligraphy is implemented at its best.

The traditional Arabic calligraphy works are strictly in accordance with the law of proportionality. Horizontal, vertical, oblique and curved lines are tangentially related to each other and are engraved in letters. After writing, people can refine the edges of the handwriting."Study Together and Learn from Each Other",the plain language of the Book of Songs has answered the aesthetics of Arabic calligraphy and the mysteries of life in a remote manner. Harmony of mind and subjects, learning from one another is a practice of moral cultivation, and the refinement is the purification of the soul.

The Chinese and Arabic calligraphy arts both pay attention to rhythm and cadence. The former is based on movements of strokes and inks, while the latter repeats and arranges the words with the same inclination.For Chinese-Arabic calligraphic art, "Balance" is a relative existence, and it is a balance of many unbalanced factors that achieve a holistic and overall status in accordance with the principle of beauty.

The essence of the Chinese and Arabic calligraphy is the same. Although witnessing the extreme lines of rhythm and interpretation of the teachings, they are derived from the "One" followed by the derivative, and they always run through the highest spirit of Eastern philosophy, "Allforone".SU Shishu said that regardless of the Chinese calligraphy art or the Arabic calligraphy art, because of the spiritual wisdom and strength embodied in the calligraphy, there is an inherent vitality in the inheritance, advancement and prosperity of the calligraphy art, hence the "Oriental wisdom" will continue in the continuous lines.

沙特阿拉伯書法家作品Works of Saudi Arabian calligrapher

阿拉伯文書法Arabic calligraphy

楊明臣作品Works of YANG Mingchen

王學(xué)嶺作品Works of WANG Xueling

展覽中帶有阿拉伯書法的展品Exhibits with Arabic calligraphy in the exhibition