國際攝影節(jié)如何“國際化”？
——從“2018中國國際攝影藝術(shù)節(jié)”說開去

文王森正 WANG Senzheng

“志合者,不以山海為遠(yuǎn)”。5月18日，由中國攝協(xié)、鄭州市人民政府主辦的2018中國國際攝影藝術(shù)節(jié)暨中國第17屆國際攝影藝術(shù)展覽在河南省鄭州市開幕。作為兩年一次的攝影盛會(huì)，本次節(jié)展形式豐富多元，中國第17屆國際攝影藝術(shù)展覽、2018鄭州影像雙年展雙管齊下，18個(gè)板塊交相輝映，9項(xiàng)活動(dòng)異彩紛呈，力圖為觀者呈現(xiàn)一個(gè)豐富多元的影像語境，通過攝影這一藝術(shù)形式構(gòu)建一個(gè)文化交流的平臺(tái)，讓全世界的攝影家一起聚焦時(shí)代發(fā)展的新命題，并用攝影表達(dá)對(duì)人類發(fā)展的期冀。在“一帶一路”倡議進(jìn)行得如火如荼的今天，國際間文化的交流日趨頻繁。如何使攝影藝術(shù)節(jié)真正具有“國際化”水準(zhǔn)？如何突出中國聲音在國際攝影界的力量？

以國際視野聚焦人類發(fā)展

“人類命運(yùn)共同體”是習(xí)近平總書記在談到人類發(fā)展的未來趨勢(shì)中提出的概念，所謂“共同體”，就是預(yù)示著各個(gè)國家、各個(gè)民族之間命運(yùn)前途的共通性、普遍性、一致性，要求著各個(gè)國家以“大同”的視角來對(duì)待人類社會(huì)未來的發(fā)展，打破界限和隔閡。本次攝影節(jié)展的策辦方向就體現(xiàn)著這種國際化的視野，無論是聚焦全球的生態(tài)環(huán)境問題，還是關(guān)注現(xiàn)代化城市人類的生存焦慮；無論是以獨(dú)特的視角投射“一帶一路”沿線國家的風(fēng)土人情，還是講述人們對(duì)和平的向往與追求，這些作品都可以走出視野的局限，站在全人類的立場(chǎng)的觀照世界、思考問題、尋找答案，并通過攝影的形式把他們對(duì)于世界的感知和審視表現(xiàn)出來，當(dāng)以群展的方式把這點(diǎn)匯聚成一個(gè)寬闊的面時(shí)，我們可以清晰地看到這群攝影家在藝術(shù)的王國里以全球視角對(duì)人類發(fā)展的追問。

巍巍昆侖 李學(xué)亮（中國）Kunlun Mountain LI Xueliang (China)

藝術(shù)是具有無限性的，當(dāng)攝影家在進(jìn)行創(chuàng)作時(shí)，可以突破政治、國別、膚色等捆綁，以“人類命運(yùn)共同體”的價(jià)值去思索時(shí)，在藝術(shù)世界里就實(shí)現(xiàn)了“美美與共”。本次節(jié)展中，“鳥瞰地球”“四季無限”“工業(yè)景觀&空間城市”“影像絲路”等幾個(gè)板塊備受人們關(guān)注，它們以對(duì)自然的歌頌、對(duì)城市的反思、對(duì)邊遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)的關(guān)懷、對(duì)田園牧歌的贊美、對(duì)國際交往的推崇感動(dòng)著觀眾的心靈并激發(fā)著大家的思考。正如意大利攝影家克羅迪奧·布魯福勒所說：“作為一個(gè)國際攝影藝術(shù)展覽，本次展覽倡導(dǎo)的重要價(jià)值就是攝影家的全球化視野，這并不是要求攝影家們放棄自我而盲目追隨世界潮流，而是要求他們以清醒的眼光來面對(duì)和迎接人類社會(huì)的變化，在不斷的交流和碰撞中，更新自己的攝影觀念，以更寬闊的胸懷展現(xiàn)全世界的面貌。而這種胸懷下產(chǎn)生的作品，是很具有動(dòng)人力量的?！?/p>

注重?cái)z影方向的價(jià)值引導(dǎo)

本次攝影節(jié)展的主題是“2018與新時(shí)代同行”，除了在時(shí)代的變革中思考人類未來的命運(yùn)走向外，關(guān)注攝影藝術(shù)本身在未來發(fā)展的可能性也是其重要價(jià)值導(dǎo)向?？萍嫉陌l(fā)展改變著人們的生活方式，日常生活審美化的蔓延似乎也宣告著審美方式的變化，隨著攝影人群的擴(kuò)張，有了手機(jī)似乎就可以進(jìn)行拍攝。那么群眾基礎(chǔ)如此廣泛的前提下，如何推動(dòng)攝影藝術(shù)的科學(xué)化發(fā)展也是此節(jié)展思考的一個(gè)核心問題。在“中國第17屆國際攝影藝術(shù)展覽”的評(píng)選過程中，評(píng)委們從23萬幅作品中選取296件進(jìn)行展出，他們?cè)u(píng)判標(biāo)準(zhǔn)之一就是這些作品能否對(duì)未來攝影的發(fā)展帶來啟發(fā)性和引導(dǎo)性?！霸绞鞘鼙姀V大，我們?cè)绞菑?qiáng)調(diào)其藝術(shù)本性，強(qiáng)調(diào)攝影家的情感觀照和社會(huì)關(guān)懷，強(qiáng)調(diào)他們把對(duì)于世界的真實(shí)感受說出來，把自己的個(gè)性說出來，強(qiáng)調(diào)其藝術(shù)上的創(chuàng)新，而不是僅僅追求表面的美?！敝袊鴶z協(xié)主席李舸表示。

在邀請(qǐng)展和交流展中，主辦方設(shè)計(jì)的各個(gè)板塊也都希望通過展覽和研討的方式對(duì)攝影的發(fā)展進(jìn)行引導(dǎo)?！爱?dāng)代影像的界限”以探討技術(shù)對(duì)藝術(shù)創(chuàng)新的作用，詢問用技術(shù)擴(kuò)展攝影藝術(shù)的邊界是否為今后的趨勢(shì)；“影像絲路”聚焦“一帶一路”沿線的青年攝影家，讓我們認(rèn)識(shí)到青年攝影人對(duì)于攝影發(fā)展的作用；“讓世界重現(xiàn)-影像如詩”以詩意化的方法呈現(xiàn)日常生活的細(xì)節(jié)，倡導(dǎo)攝影的藝術(shù)表現(xiàn)；“解構(gòu)”以實(shí)驗(yàn)性的姿態(tài)向大家展示了攝影藝術(shù)發(fā)展的可能性，突出創(chuàng)新在未來的重要作用……這些展覽各有側(cè)重、各具風(fēng)格，代表了各國攝影人對(duì)世界攝影今后發(fā)展的思考?！?018與新時(shí)代同行”不僅僅是簡單的口號(hào)，而是要求以發(fā)展的眼光、以時(shí)代的視點(diǎn)來觀照攝影藝術(shù)的未來。本節(jié)展的重要價(jià)值導(dǎo)向之一就是探討這種未來的可能性，以及對(duì)攝影人有一定的引導(dǎo)性。

建立多元聲音的對(duì)話機(jī)制

中國國際攝影節(jié)自開辦起，每屆都會(huì)邀請(qǐng)一個(gè)主賓國的影像展，并邀請(qǐng)世界上各個(gè)國家著名攝影家齊聚一堂，互相交流和合作。本次邀請(qǐng)的主賓國是意大利，作為古代絲綢之路的重點(diǎn)和“一帶一路”的交匯點(diǎn)，中國和意大利交往日益密切，而意大利悠久的歷史和獨(dú)特的藝術(shù)文化底蘊(yùn)更是為此節(jié)展帶來了異鄉(xiāng)風(fēng)情。同時(shí)，本次節(jié)展還注重打破框架，讓諸多外國名家和中國攝影人、攝影愛好者、觀眾面對(duì)面交流。在“名家對(duì)話”“專家見面會(huì)”“名家影像交流”等活動(dòng)中，我們可以看到雅安·阿瑟斯-貝特朗、讓·圖克、克羅迪奧·布魯福勒、安娜·巴洛伊等世界著名攝影師和中國攝影人對(duì)話的身影。多種聲音交匯、各種觀點(diǎn)交鋒、多元視線交織，這也是此次攝影節(jié)展的一大亮點(diǎn)。

“今天的攝影被認(rèn)為是21世紀(jì)記錄社會(huì)、表達(dá)思想的最好媒介之一。今天的攝影，視野更加寬廣、主題更加鮮明，更能激發(fā)大家對(duì)文化、價(jià)值、創(chuàng)新理念的思考。我們希望建立一個(gè)國際間攝影人互相交流的平臺(tái)，通過中外攝影藝術(shù)的交流相融、互學(xué)互鑒，來豐富當(dāng)代攝影文化，推動(dòng)世界攝影文化發(fā)展?！崩铘凑f。

People with same interests may not be distant from each other by mountains and rivers. Organized by China Photographers Association and Zhengzhou Municipal People's Government, the 2018 China International Photography Festival and the 17thChina International Photographic Art Exhibition has been held in Zhengzhou of Henan Province on May 18th. As a biennial photography event, this festival demonstrated great diversity. With the joint opening of the 17th China International Photographic Art Exhibition and the 2018 Zhengzhou Image &Video Biennale, each of the 18 sections shined with each other with nine splendid events, striving to present a rich and diverse image and video context for all the audiences and allowing photographers around the world together to focus on the new propositions of the development of the new era and use photography to express their expectation of human development through the art form of photography to build a platform for cultural exchanges.Nowadays as the "Belt and Road Initiative" is in full swing, the international cultural exchanges have become increasingly frequent. How to make the Photography Festival really possess an "Internationalized"level and how to highlight the power of voicefrom China in this festival?

Focus on Human Development with International Perspective

The "Community of Shared Future for Mankind" is the concept proposed by Chinese President XI Jinping in his talk about the future trend of human development. The namely "community"is the commonality, universality and consistency that heralds the fate of all countries and peoples, requiring all countries to treat the future development of human society from the perspective of "Great Harmony" and break boundaries and barriers.The organizers of the photography festival have demonstratedthis international perspective. Whether focusing on the global ecological environment,caring about the survival anxiety of modern urban humanity, whether projecting the customs and practicesfrom the unique perspective of countries along the"Belt and Road" initiative or telling people’s longing for and pursuit of peace,these works, capable of striking beyond the limits of vision,could stand in the position of the whole human being to care about the world, consider problems and find answers, and bring them to the world through photography concerning their perception and examination of the globe. When convening such point into a broad scape via group exhibition,we can clearly observe this group of photographers’ pursuit of human development from a global perspective in the kingdom of art.

Art is infinite. When photographers can break through politics,country boundary and different skin colors and deeply explore in terms of the value of "Community of Shared Future for Mankind",they realize the "Beauty Embraces Diversity and Integrity" in the art world. In this exhibition, several sections,such as "A Bird's-eye View of the Earth", "Infinity of Four Seasons", "Industrial Landscape & Space City", "Image Silk Road" and attracting people's attention,touched the hearts of the audiences and inspired everyone's thinking via their praiseof nature, the reflection of city, the care for the remote areas, the commendation of pastoral and the esteem for international communication. As noted by the Italian photographer Claudio Brufola: "As an international photography art exhibition, the important value promoted in this exhibition is the global vision of photographers. It does not require photographers to give up self-consciousnessto follow the world trend blindly, while they are required to face and embrace the changes of human society with a sober eye, update their concept of photography in the constant exchanges and collisions and display the world with a broader mind. All the works produced under such mind are very moving."

Pay Attention to Value-orientation of Photography’s Direction

The theme of this photography festival, "2018 Walks with the New Era", not only thinks about the fate of the future of mankind in the transformation of the times, but also focuses on the possibility of the development of photographic art itself in the future, which is also its crucial value orientation.The development of science and technology has changed the way of people’s life. The spread of aesthetics in everyday life also seems to announce the changes in the aesthetic approach. With the expansion of the photography crowds, it seems that taking pictures can be accomplished only through mobile phones.Under the premise that the mass base is so broad, how to promote the scientific development of the photographic art is also a core issue of this festival.In the selection process of the"17thChina International Photographic Art Exhibition", the judges have selected 296 artworks from 230,000 pieces for display. One of their criteria was whether these pieces could inspire and guide the development of future photography. "The larger audience is, the more we emphasize its artistic nature, highlighting the photographer's emotional care and social care, that they can speak out the true feelings to the world, their own personalities,and underlining their artistic innovations, which is not just the pursuit of the artificial beauty." said LI Ge, chairman of the China Photographers Association.

古巴螃蟹 亞歷山大·梅內(nèi)吉尼（古巴）Cuban Crab Alexandre Meneghini (Cuba)

In the invitational exhibition and exchange exhibitions, the various sections designed by the organizers were also committed to guiding the development of photography through displays and seminars."Contemporary image boundaries" explores the role of technology in art creation, asking whether the use of technology to extend the boundary of art is the future trend; "Image Silk Road" focuses on young photographers from countries along the Belt and Road Initiative, letting us to acknowledge their role in photography development; "Reproduce the World- Poetic Photography" presents the details of everyday life in a poetic way,advocating the artistic expression of photography; "Deconstruction"shows the possibility of the development of photography in an experimental manner, highlighting the important role of innovation in the future...These exhibitions possess their own emphasis and style, representing the thinking of photographers of various countries on the future development of world photography. "2018 Walks with the New Era" is not just a simple slogan, but to take care of the future of photographic art with developing vision and the perspective of the times. One of the important value orientations of this festival is to explore the possibilities of this future and to guide the photographers.

Establish Multi-voice Dialogue mechanism

Since the inauguration of the China International Photography Festival, each session will invite a guest country for a specific image exhibition, and ask the world's famous photographers to gather together to exchange and cooperate with each other. The guest country this time is Italy. As the focal point of the ancient Silk Road and the meeting point of the "Belt and Road" initiative, China and Italy have become more and more closely linked to each other, and Italy’s long history and unique artistic and cultural heritage are the highlights of this festival,bringing such a foreign style.Meanwhile, this festival also focuses on breaking the framework and allowing many famous foreign artists to meet with Chinese photographers, photography enthusiasts and audiences face to face.We can see Yann Arthus-Bertrand, Jean Turco,Claudio Brufola and Anne Baufolaand many other renowned world photographers and their Chinese peers in activities such as "Dialogues of Famous Artists", "Meeting with Experts" and "Exchanges about Photos by Famous Artists".The convergence of various sounds, viewpoints and multiple lines of vision is one of the highlights of this festival.

"Today's photography is considered to be one of the best media for recording society and expressing ideas in the 21stcentury. Today's photography has broader vision and clearer theme,which inspires people to think deeply about culture, value and innovative ideas. We hope to establish an intercommunion platform for international photographers to enrich the contemporary photography culture and promote the development of that of the world through the exchange of mutual communication and learning from each other in terms of photographic art. " LI Ge said.

鳥瞰地球之一 雅安·阿瑟斯－貝特朗（法國）One of aerial views of the earth Yann Arthus-Bertrand (France)

棋逢對(duì)手 賀勛毅Chess opponents HE Xunyi (China)