極限擴(kuò)張

傅婧瑛

In the latest sign that theNBA's G League and DivisionI men's college basketball couldbecome rivals in the 2020s， twoprominent college coaches recentlyopined on the possibility of theNBA expmading the annual NBAdraft from two rounds to three ormore rounds.

作為G聯(lián)賽與大學(xué)籃球一級(jí)聯(lián)賽可能在2120年代成為競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手的最新標(biāo)志，兩名顯赫的大學(xué)籃球教練最近提到NBA可能將每年的兩輪選秀擴(kuò)充為三輪。

On Wednesday， Kentuckycoach John Calipari expressed thatthose in favor of an expanded NBAdraft "do not care about collegebasketball" or are "trying to ruincollege basketball." Calipari， whocoached in the NBA from 1996 to2000， insists that "more rounds [will]get kids to go to the G League."Duke coach Mike Krzyzewski，meanwhile， envisions the NBAand its franchises' owners asgravitating towards the G Leagueas a means of increasing revenueand developing talent in pro-stylesystems. He also weans that collegebasketball must be more adaptive infight of the possibility of increasedcompetition from the G League."We cannot keep our heads in thesands，" Krzyzewski reflected. "Weare very reactionary."

周三，肯塔基大學(xué)主教練約翰·卡利帕里表示，那些傾向NBA擴(kuò)大選秀的人是“不在乎大學(xué)籃球”，或者“試圖毀掉大學(xué)籃球”的。1996年到2000年在NBA執(zhí)教的卡利帕里堅(jiān)稱，“更多輪次只會(huì)讓孩子們?nèi)聯(lián)賽?！迸c此同時(shí)，杜克主教練K教練認(rèn)為NBA及其球隊(duì)老板會(huì)把G聯(lián)賽看作增加營(yíng)收，在職業(yè)體系下培養(yǎng)新人的方式。他還提出警告，面對(duì)G聯(lián)賽可能不斷提高競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的現(xiàn)實(shí)，大學(xué)籃球需要具有更好的適應(yīng)能力。“我們不能做鴕鳥(niǎo)?！盞教練反思道，“我們太保守了?！?/p>

To be clear， the NBA has notannounced a plan or even signaleddesire to expand the NBA draft.Last year， commissioner AdamSilver identified draft expansion asa possible goal， but he emphasizedthat such discussions were "very，very preliminary"

需要明確的是，NBA尚未宣布計(jì)劃，甚至沒(méi)有發(fā)出有意擴(kuò)大NBA選秀的信號(hào)。去年，聯(lián)盟總裁亞當(dāng)·蕭華確定擴(kuò)大選秀是潛在目標(biāo)，但他強(qiáng)調(diào)這些討論仍處于“非常初期的狀態(tài)”。

Still， an expanded draft wouldlikely be appealing to the NBA.More rounds could be used topopulate the G League and increaseits talent pool. A superior G Leaguewould， in turn， attract more fansand viewers to G League games.Those games have been televisedand streamed through a varietyof methods， including throughFacebook Live， NBA TV， ESPN+ESPNU and Twitch. Should theG League improve its talent pool，their local fan bases would probablygrow. Likewise， if G league gamesfeatured more talented and skilledplayers， the NBA would probablybe able to generate more revenuethrough broadcasting rights feesand ticket sales.

盡管如此，擴(kuò)大選秀對(duì)NBA來(lái)說(shuō)也有著不小的吸引力。更多輪次可用于增加G聯(lián)賽球員人數(shù)，增強(qiáng)天賦儲(chǔ)備。而水平更高的G聯(lián)賽也會(huì)吸引更多球迷關(guān)注比賽。這些比賽會(huì)得到電視轉(zhuǎn)播，通過(guò)各種渠道進(jìn)行線上直播，包～NFacebook Live，NBA Tv，ESPN+ESPNU以及Twitch。如果G聯(lián)賽人才儲(chǔ)備變強(qiáng)，他們的本地球迷人數(shù)也會(huì)增加。與此類似，如果G聯(lián)賽擁有更多有天賦，技術(shù)好的球員，NBA也能通過(guò)轉(zhuǎn)播權(quán)及門票銷售獲得更多收入。

Any change to the NBA'sdraft procedure would need tobe negotiated with the NationalBasketball Players' Association. Therules for the draft are containedin Article X of the collectivebargaining agreement. The cm'rentCBA runs through the 2023-24 season， with a mutual opt-outclause after the 2022-23 season.Although existing CBAs can beamended by management andlabor before they expire， significantchanges are usually reserved forfuture CBAs.

NBA選秀流程的改變，都需要與球員工會(huì)協(xié)商。與選秀有關(guān)的規(guī)定出現(xiàn)在勞資協(xié)議的第10條。目前的勞資協(xié)議有效期截至2023-24賽季，勞資雙方均有權(quán)在2022-23賽季結(jié)束后跳出。盡管現(xiàn)有勞資協(xié)議可以在到期前經(jīng)勞資雙方協(xié)議修改，但重大改變通常都會(huì)留待未來(lái)談判時(shí)解決。

There is already talk ofchanges to Article X in the nextCBA. As reported earlier this year，the NBA and NBPA are poised tochange their controversial eligibilityrule. Since 2006， an Americanplayer can only become drafteligible if he is at least 19 years oldand at least one NBA season elapsesfrom when he graduated from highschool or， if he didn't graduate，when he would have graduated.

目前已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了在下一份勞資協(xié)議中修改第x條的說(shuō)法。根據(jù)今年早些時(shí)候的報(bào)道，NBA和球員工會(huì)計(jì)劃改變充滿爭(zhēng)議的年齡限制規(guī)定。從2006年開(kāi)始，美國(guó)球員只有年滿19歲，高中畢業(yè)后至少度過(guò)一年，或者實(shí)際沒(méi)有畢業(yè)，但按照時(shí)間推算已畢業(yè)后一年，才有資格參加選秀。

Prior to 2006， players could"jump" straight from high schoolto the NBA. A number of prep-to-pro players would go on tobecome NBA stars. LeBron James，Kevin Garnett， Kobe Bryant， TracyMcGrady， Dwight Howard， LouWilliams， Rashard Lewis， JermaineO'Neal， Tyson Chandler and Amar'eStoudemire are among them.

2006年前，球員可以在高中畢業(yè)后“直跳”進(jìn)入NBA。不少高中轉(zhuǎn)職業(yè)的球員成長(zhǎng)為明星。勒布朗·詹姆斯，凱文加內(nèi)特，科比·布萊恩特，特雷西·麥格雷迪，德懷特·霍華德，路·威廉姆斯，拉沙德劉易斯，杰梅因·奧尼爾，泰森·錢德勒和阿瑪雷·斯塔德邁爾就是其中代表。

A return to the previouseligibility rule would mean thatsome high school players whowould have become "one-and-dones" in college instead go directlyto the NBA. For Calipari and othercollege coaches who thrive withone-and-dones， they would need toadjust their recruiting methods.

回到以前的規(guī)則意味著一些本會(huì)選擇在大學(xué)打一年的高中球員會(huì)直接進(jìn)入NBA。對(duì)卡利帕里和其他依靠這種只打一年球員的大學(xué)教練來(lái)說(shuō)，他們需要調(diào)整招生策略。

It's worth noting that aplayer skipping college or leavingcollege before graduating doesnot foreclose the possibihty of thatplayer matriculating to college at alater date. The greatest basketballplayer of all-time， Michael Jordan，left UNC early for the NBAbut later returned to complete hiscollege degree. While a playercan't turn pro and play collegebasketball again， he can return toschool as a more traditional student.Particularly with the growth ofonline education， "skipping college"need not be permanent.

值得注意的是，球員跳過(guò)大學(xué)或者在畢業(yè)前離開(kāi)大學(xué)并不意味著剝奪他未來(lái)被大學(xué)錄取的可能性。史上最偉大的球員邁克爾·喬丹提前離開(kāi)北卡進(jìn)入NBA，但他后來(lái)返回大學(xué)拿到了學(xué)位。盡管球員不能轉(zhuǎn)為職業(yè)后再回大學(xué)打球，但他可以以傳統(tǒng)學(xué)生身份回到學(xué)校。特別是隨著在線教育的發(fā)展，“跳過(guò)大學(xué)”不需要是永久性決定。

Much has changed in probasketball since the NBA drafteligibility rule rose in 2006. Theprofessional marketplace forbasketball talent has grown andbecome more competitive. It is nolonger an exceptional decision foran American player to decline toattend college and instead sign aprofessional contract with a team inanother country.

自NBA在2006年實(shí)施年齡限制后，職業(yè)籃球出現(xiàn)了巨大變化?；@球運(yùn)動(dòng)員們的職業(yè)市場(chǎng)出現(xiàn)增長(zhǎng)，而且競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性也越來(lái)越強(qiáng)。對(duì)美國(guó)球員來(lái)說(shuō)，拒絕進(jìn)入大學(xué)，與其他國(guó)家球隊(duì)簽訂職業(yè)合同已不再是罕見(jiàn)決定。

For instance， LaMelo Balland R.J. Hampton-both of whomare expected to be selected in thefirst round of the 2020 NBA draft-are spending what would havebeen their freshmen year of collegegetting paid to play in Australia'sNational Basketball League . Thetwo are pursuing a path takenby others before them， includingBrandon Jennings， Jeremy Tylerand Emmanud Mudiay.

比方說(shuō)，拉梅洛·鮑爾和RJ·漢普頓這兩個(gè)預(yù)計(jì)會(huì)在2020年首輪被選中的球員都放棄了原本的擇校渠道了澳大利亞聯(lián)賽打球。兩個(gè)人追逐的是前人選擇過(guò)的道路，比如布蘭登詹寧斯，杰里米泰勒和伊曼紐爾穆迪埃。

Oklahoma Thunder forwardDarius Bazley took a different， butstill unconventional path，when thethen-high school hoops star signedan internship contract with NewBalance last year The conn'act，a411pay Bazley.a first-round pick inthe 2019 NBA Draft.between$1million and$14 million dependingonhow hisNBA careerplaysout.

雷霆前鋒達(dá)柳斯·貝茲利選擇了不同，但同樣反傳統(tǒng)的路;去年，作為高中明星的他與NewBalance公司簽訂了實(shí)習(xí)合同。根據(jù)合同，取決于NBA生涯發(fā)展，2019年首輪被選中的貝茲利將獲得100萬(wàn)到1400萬(wàn)美元的工資。

Meanwhile， the NBA hasmade the G League a moreattractive option for players out ofhigh school. Starting this season， theG League will offer elite prospectswho are at least 18 years old， butwho are not yet ineligible for theNBA draft， "select contracts." Thesecontracts will cover the five-mothG League season， during whichtime a player will be paid $125，000.He will also be provided healthcare， training on financial literacy，advice on post-career planning andother employment benefits.

與此同時(shí)，NBA已經(jīng)將G聯(lián)賽打造成了對(duì)高中球員更有吸引力的落腳點(diǎn)。從本賽季開(kāi)始，G聯(lián)賽將向已滿18歲，但沒(méi)有資格參加NBA選秀的頂尖潛力提供“選擇性合同”。這些合同覆蓋G聯(lián)賽五個(gè)月的賽程，球員在這段時(shí)間可以掙到12.5萬(wàn)美元。球員還會(huì)得到醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)，接受財(cái)務(wù)知識(shí)培訓(xùn)，獲得退役后人生規(guī)劃建議及其他工作福利。

Players in the G Leagueare also not bound by NCAAamateurism rules. They can signendorsement contracts and be paidto license their names， imagesand likenesses （NIL） in variousproducts and services. WhileNCAA rules on NIL rights mightbe forced to change under the law，no such changes are imminent.

G聯(lián)賽的球員也不會(huì)受NCAA規(guī)則的限制。他們可以簽贊助合同，可以通過(guò)授權(quán)其他人在各種產(chǎn)品及服務(wù)上使用自己的姓名，影像和肖像（NIL）而獲得報(bào)酬。盡管NCAA與NIL有關(guān)的規(guī)定可能被判根據(jù)法律要求而修改，但這種改變不會(huì)立刻發(fā)生。

The NBA draft hasn't alwaysused two rounds. Prior to 1989， thenumber of rounds ranged fromthree to 21. There were also fewerfranchises back then， so each roundfeatured fewer players. To thatpoint， in 1988， there were threerounds and 75 total selections; in2019， there were two rounds and60 selections. Also， for a nine-year period from 1967 to 1976，the NBA competed with theAmerican Basketball Association，which eventually merged with theNBA. The use of numerous draftselections helped the NBA assertcontrol over amateur players whowere also drafted by ABA teams.