宋衛(wèi)章 余豐 戴智豪 何忠祥 余虎 邢飛雄 嚴(yán)驊
Abstract:Aiming at the disadvantage of the conventional PI controller of three-phase VIENNA rectifier, which has poor input AC static error and anti-load disturbance dynamic performance, a load current feed-forward proportional resonant(PR) control algorithm for VIENNA rectifier was proposed. PR controller is used to eliminate the phase difference between the input voltage and current effectively as well as realize the tracking without static error. The load current feed-forward compensation link is embedded outside the current closed loop, and the load disturbance information is directly acted on the current through the feed-forward link, which improves the dynamic adjustment time of anti-load disturbance and enhances the system immunity. The performance of the proposed method was compared with that of traditional PI control strategy. The test results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively enhance the dynamic performance and input power factor under load disturbance operation condition.
Keywords:VIENNA rectifier; proportional resonant control; load current feed-forward; static error tracking control; power factor control
0 引 言
三相三電平VIENNA整流器的輸入電流正弦,直流側(cè)電壓可在一定范圍內(nèi)靈活控制[1-2],并且因其拓?fù)溟_關(guān)器件數(shù)目少、開關(guān)應(yīng)力小、驅(qū)動信號之間無死區(qū)、可靠性高等優(yōu)點受到了國內(nèi)外學(xué)者廣泛的關(guān)注[3-5]。
隨著VIENNA整流器的應(yīng)用越來越廣泛,對其控制策略研究顯得尤為重要。文獻(xiàn)[6]將傳統(tǒng)的滯環(huán)電流控制策略應(yīng)用于VIENNA整流器,雖然此方法簡單且動態(tài)性能較快,但該方法無法使開關(guān)頻率固定,輸入電流頻譜范圍寬,輸入濾波參數(shù)設(shè)計比較困難;文獻(xiàn)[7]在考慮電網(wǎng)頻率波動的基礎(chǔ)上,提出自適應(yīng)比例諧振控制,能無差跟蹤交流正弦參考信號,取得良好的效果;文獻(xiàn)[8]將比例諧振控制應(yīng)用于高頻鏈逆變器獲得了更小的穩(wěn)態(tài)誤差和較快的動態(tài)響應(yīng),避免了PI控制因跟蹤信號為快速變化的正弦波而存在穩(wěn)態(tài)靜差的問題,但該文章并沒有考慮負(fù)載擾動對系統(tǒng)帶來的影響。
基于功率守恒原理,VIENNA整流器負(fù)載擾動會導(dǎo)致輸出電壓紋波增加,而傳統(tǒng)直流側(cè)電壓外環(huán)由于不能直接反映負(fù)載擾動信息而無法采取有效的擾動抑制措施,又加之傳統(tǒng)PI調(diào)節(jié)器存在固有控制延遲,受電路參數(shù)影響較大[9],從而導(dǎo)致直流側(cè)電壓動態(tài)調(diào)節(jié)性能較差。因此,有必要尋求一種負(fù)載前饋控制抑制負(fù)載擾動,改善系統(tǒng)性能。
比例諧振(proportional resonant, PR)控制器是近些年新提出的一種控制器[10],它是通過在諧振頻率處極大的增益來實現(xiàn)對交流信號的無靜差控制。PR控制器目前常被應(yīng)用于有源前端整流器、不間斷電源、新能源發(fā)電等領(lǐng)域[11-15],然而帶負(fù)載電流前饋的PR控制在VIENNA整流器上的應(yīng)用研究目前還未見報道。針對上述不足,本文將PR控制器拓展至三電平VIENNA整流器瞬時值閉環(huán)控制中,實現(xiàn)對交流電流的無誤差跟蹤控制,同時將負(fù)載電流前饋控制引入到控制策略中用來提高系統(tǒng)動態(tài)性能。
1 基于PR控制器的VIENNA整流器系統(tǒng) ?圖1為VIENNA整流器拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu),由三相不控整流橋和3個雙向功率開關(guān)構(gòu)成,每個雙向開關(guān)由2個共發(fā)射極的IGBT構(gòu)成。輸入側(cè)由升壓電感Ls和等效電阻Rs串聯(lián)組成,直流側(cè)由2個串聯(lián)電容C1、C2與負(fù)載RL并聯(lián)組成。
4 結(jié) 論
本文將PR控制器應(yīng)用于VIENNA整理器的閉環(huán)控制中,且引入負(fù)載電流前饋控制環(huán)節(jié),在保證三相交流電進(jìn)行無靜差控制的同時,有效地解決負(fù)載突變動態(tài)性能不佳的問題,提高了系統(tǒng)的抗負(fù)載擾動能力,仿真和實驗結(jié)果驗證了所提出的方案的可行性和正確性。
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(編輯:邱赫男)