3D打印實(shí)現(xiàn)醫(yī)學(xué)重大突破

Printing a New Heart

心臟病是如今全球的頭號(hào)殺手之一。許多心臟病患者都需要接受心臟移植。然而，病患們很難找到合適的心源，就算真的遇上了，身體也經(jīng)常會(huì)對(duì)移植的心臟產(chǎn)生排斥反應(yīng)。

但如今，心臟病患者有了新希望。據(jù)《尖端科學(xué)》刊登的一項(xiàng)研究表明，來(lái)自以色列特拉維夫大學(xué)的研究人員于近日3D打印出了一顆人類心臟?！斑@是人類首次成功設(shè)計(jì)并打印出一顆完整的心臟?！彼枴さ戮S爾在接受采訪時(shí)表示。

這顆心臟具備細(xì)胞、血管、心室以及其他心臟正常運(yùn)作所需的結(jié)構(gòu)。但科學(xué)家們?nèi)孕柽M(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的研究，才能將這顆3D打印心臟放入人體。一方面，這顆實(shí)驗(yàn)心臟只有拇指大小。另一方面，盡管它能像肌肉一樣收縮，但卻不能像真正的心臟那樣具備泵血功能。目前來(lái)看，這顆心臟樣品就像一架設(shè)備齊全、卻還不能起飛的小飛機(jī)。但這次的研制成果依然被視為醫(yī)學(xué)界的一項(xiàng)重大突破。

在實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程中，研究人員用干細(xì)胞技術(shù)將人類脂肪組織轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槿祟愋呐K組織。該組織將作為3D打印機(jī)的“生物墨水”，確保心臟中的組織來(lái)自患者本人。因此，在理想情況下，如果這顆心臟被放入需要進(jìn)行移植的患者體內(nèi)，產(chǎn)生器官排斥反應(yīng)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)將會(huì)降低。

“患者們無(wú)須等待移植，或者吃藥預(yù)防排斥反應(yīng)，”研究人員們?cè)诮邮懿稍L時(shí)表示，“所需的心臟將被打印出來(lái)，完全為每位患者量身定制?！?/p>

而科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為，3D打印也能被用于打印其他人體器官。他們預(yù)見(jiàn)有朝一日3D打印器官將會(huì)成為日常醫(yī)療實(shí)踐?！盎蛟S10年內(nèi)，全球最好的醫(yī)院內(nèi)都會(huì)配備器官打印機(jī)，而這些操作將會(huì)十分常見(jiàn)。”德維爾表示。(孫曄供稿）

以色列的研究人員于近日3D打印出了一顆人類心臟

Heart disease is one of the major killers in the world today. Many who suffer from it must have hearttransplants. However, it's difficult to get a suitable heart donation, and even if a patient survives the wait, his or her body often rejects the heart.

But there is now new hope for sufferers of heart disease. According to a study published in thejournal Advanced Science, researchers from Israel's Tel Aviv University printed a 3D human heart recently. “This is the first time anyone anywhere has successfully engineered and printed an entire heart, ” professor Tal Dvir said.

The new heart is complete with cells, blood vessels, chambers and other structures a heart needs to function normally. But scientists still have more to figure out before the 3D-printed heart can be fitted into the body. For one thing, the experimental heart is only the size of a thumb.And, although it can contract like a muscle, it cannot pump out blood like a real one. At present, the heart prototype is like a tiny airplane that has all of the right parts, but can't fly.However, the development is still regarded as a major breakthrough in medicine.

In the experiment, the researchers turned human fat tissue into human heart tissue with stem celltechnology. The tissue was then turned into “bio-ink” for a 3D printer to ensure that tissue in the heart came from the patients themselves. So ideally, if it were to be placed in the body of someone in need of a transplant, there would be less risk of organ rejection.

“Patients will no longer have to wait for transplants or take medications to prevent their rejection, ” researchers said. “Instead, the needed heart will be printed, fully personalized for every patient. ”

But the scientists think that 3D printing can be used to create other human organs. They foresee a time when the 3D printing of organs will be an everyday medical practice. “Maybe, in 10 years, there will be organ printers in the finest hospitals around the world and these procedures will be conducted routinely, ” Dvir said.