【摘要】本文主要介紹通過英語諺語和習語、英文歌曲、教師的自身參照法等語法導入方法,以及利用校園活動,創(chuàng)設真實情境,利用時事新聞和熱點話題等教學方法提高英語語法課堂效率。
【關鍵詞】語法課堂;教學方法;課堂效率
【作者簡介】鄭淑玲,福建省永定第一中學。
高中英語語法教學在英語學習中有著重要地位,其目的是培養(yǎng)學生理解句子和篇章的能力,是學好英語和準確掌握語言的工具。但教師語法教學和學生語法學得往往不成正比,學生普遍認為語法知識枯燥難懂,對英語語法學習的興趣不高。所以,教師有必要探究多種合理高效的英語語法課堂教學方法來改變現(xiàn)有的語法教學狀況。
1.多形式導入語法,形成長效應激反應。
(1)利用諺語習語,語句導入積累。用諺語習語作為語法課的導入,中英對照,雙語思維,讓學生了解相關的語法知識或者熟悉相關的語法形式,并積累好詞好句。例如,在講解名詞性從句時,筆者把以下含有名詞性從句的諺語作為導入分享給學生:Dont put off till tomorrow what should be done today.(今日事,今日畢);Children are what the mothers are. (耳濡目染,言傳身教)。含有定語從句的諺語有:God helps those who help themselves.(自助者天助);He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man. (不到長城非好漢)
(2)利用英文歌曲導入,激發(fā)學生興趣。經典的歌曲按照語法類別進行分類整理,導入后讓學生模仿跟唱再分析語法現(xiàn)象。如:歌曲If I were a boy 是很好的導入素材,標題本身就用了虛擬語氣。
(3)多語境師生參照,活用語法形式。以教師或學生的親身經歷融入到語法學習中,激發(fā)學生的學習興趣,在真實語境中學習語法。筆者在講虛擬語氣時,這樣導入:If I were ten years younger, I might study in this classroom with you . If we were classmates, we could share happiness and sorrow.... 師生互動和自然生成的課堂效果很好。
2.語境語篇情景化,操練運用內化語法。
(1)以校園活動為話題,情境交際化,操練生成語法。以學生在?;顒訛榍榫?,體會語法規(guī)則趣味性與和運用的成就感。如定語從句復習時,筆者以校園活動為主線貫穿整堂課,根據學校的英語月活動,校運會和學校本身三個情境,設計階梯式的題型讓學生練習,把學生帶入真實情境中,感知,鞏固和運用目標語法。
練習一:語法范式,填上合適關系詞。
1) English Month is an important activity ______is held annually in December.
2) English Month ______ can arouse our interest in English learning is beneficial to us.
練習二:自由造句,擴散思維與訓練。(以下為學生造句)
1) We students take an active part in sports meeting where team spirit of a class could be shown.
2) The sports meeting which has a profound history is wonderful to attract students.
練習三:補全語篇,中英對比與活用。
No.1 Middle School of Yongding _____(坐落在鳳凰山腳下的) is a key senior high school in Fujian Province. Not only is it beautiful, but also it is well-equipped. For example, theres a new video device in each classroom_____(給老師提供了方便). The reason ____(學校吸引了那么多學生) is that the teachers here all are devoted to teaching. What‘s more, there are also various activities _____(有利于身心發(fā)展的).
(2)以熱點話題為牽引,熱點語篇化,活學運用語法。以時事熱點或學生熟悉的影視素材,在語篇中活用語法。例如,美國總統(tǒng)特朗普到訪問中國,筆者設置了以下定語從句的內容:____ is known to US, US President Donald Trump and his wife paid a state visit to China on November 8th to10th, During ___ time, He stayed with President Xi Jinping, _____ was newly elected general secretary again, in the Forbidden City,? ___they exchanged views on issues of common concern. (As;which; who; where)
教學有法,教法常新。語法教學以學生為主體的課堂活動觀,運用學生所熟悉的情境,結合教材文本和課外的主題類話題,讓學生感受理解、運用內化目標語法,將有助于他們掌握語言的形式,更好地領會語言的功能和意義,從而提升教學的廣度和深度,提高學生的語言運用能力,提高語法課堂的效率。
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