薄荷復(fù)合精油吸嗅對(duì)輕度認(rèn)知功能障礙患者乙酰膽堿酯酶影響的研究

孫凡　石敏　徐守宇　梁康　向偉華

【摘要】 目的 觀察芳香藥物吸嗅對(duì)輕度認(rèn)知功能障礙（MCI）患者乙酰膽堿酯酶（AchE）的影響， 通過(guò)洛文斯頓作業(yè)療法認(rèn)知評(píng)定量表（LOTCA）評(píng)分、簡(jiǎn)易智能精神狀態(tài)檢查量表（MMSE）評(píng)分綜合評(píng)價(jià)， 探討薄荷復(fù)合精油吸嗅對(duì)輕度認(rèn)知功能障礙患者認(rèn)知功能的影響。方法 70例輕度認(rèn)知功能障礙患者， 按照隨機(jī)、雙盲、對(duì)照的原則分為治療組和對(duì)照組， 每組35例。兩組患者均給予認(rèn)知訓(xùn)練， 治療組在認(rèn)知訓(xùn)練的基礎(chǔ)上給予薄荷復(fù)合精油芳香療法， 對(duì)照組在認(rèn)知訓(xùn)練的基礎(chǔ)上給予生理鹽水霧化吸入。比較兩組患者治療前后血清AchE水平、MMSE及LOTCA評(píng)分。結(jié)果 兩組患者治療前血清AchE水平比較差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P>0.05）。治療后4、8周， 治療組患者的血清AchE水平分別為（40.78±5.13）、（39.73±6.71）mmol/L， 均明顯低于對(duì)照組的（47.55±7.04）、（47.01±6.36）mmol/L， 差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。兩組患者治療前、治療后4周LOTCA、MMSE評(píng)分比較差異均無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P>0.05）。治療后8周， 治療組患者的LOTCA、MMSE評(píng)分分別為（85.96±5.31）、（30.27±2.68）分， 均明顯高于對(duì)照組的（80.12±4.52）、（28.01±3.12）分， 差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。結(jié)論 薄荷復(fù)合精油吸嗅治療可通過(guò)降低患者血清AchE含量， 改善輕度認(rèn)知功能障礙患者的認(rèn)知功能， 值得臨床推廣。

【關(guān)鍵詞】 薄荷復(fù)合精油;芳香療法;輕度認(rèn)知功能障礙;乙酰膽堿酯酶

【Abstract】 Objective To observe the effect of aromatic drug sniffing on acetylcholinesterase （AchE） in patients with mild cognitive impairment （MCI）. To explore the effect of mint complex essential oil sniffing on cognitive function of mild cognitive impairment patients by Lovingston occupational therapy cognitive assessment scale （LOTCA） and mini-mental state examination （MMSE） score. Methods A total of 70 patients with mild cognitive dysfunction were divided by principles of randomization， double blindness and control into treatment group and control group， with 35 cases in each group. Both groups were given cognitive training. The treatment group received mint complex essential oil aromatherapy on the basis of cognitive training， and the control group received saline atomization inhalation on the basis of cognitive training. Serum AchE level， MMSE and LOTCA scores were compared before and after treatment in two groups. Results Both groups had no statistically significant difference in serum AchE level before treatment （P>0.05）. After 4 and 8 weeks of treatment， the treatment group had obviously lower serum AchE level respectively as （40.78±5.13） and （39.73± 6.71）mmol/L than （47.55±7.04） and （47.01±6.36） mmol/L in the control group. Their difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. Both groups had no statistically significant difference in LOTCA and MMSE score before treatment and after 4 weeks of treatment （P>0.05）. After 8 weeks of treatment， the treatment group had LOTCA and MMSE score respectively as （85.96±5.31） and （30.27±2.68） points， which were obviously higher than （80.12±4.52） and （28.01±3.12） points in the control group. Their difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. Conclusion Mint compound essential oil may improve the cognitive function of patients with mild cognitive impairment by reducing the serum AchE content， and it is worthy of clinical promotion.