?典型詞語(yǔ)用法詮釋

山東 董明義

patient

用作形容詞時(shí)，意為“有耐心的”，可作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。表示“對(duì)某人有耐心”時(shí)，常與介詞with連用。例如：

I think I am a quite patient person.我認(rèn)為我是一個(gè)相當(dāng)有耐心的人。

He is just a small child,so you must be patient with him.他只不過(guò)是個(gè)小孩子,你應(yīng)該對(duì)他耐心點(diǎn)。

patient還可用作名詞，意為“病人”，此時(shí)為可數(shù)名詞。例如：

The patient is much better today.那個(gè)病人今天好多了。

look up

look up意為“（在詞典或參考書(shū)中）查閱（詞或資料）”。由“動(dòng)詞+副詞”構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，其后接的賓語(yǔ)若是代詞時(shí)，該代詞要放在動(dòng)詞與副詞中間。例如：

Please look up the new words in a dictionary.請(qǐng)?jiān)谠~典里查一查這些生詞。

Look up the time of the next train in the timetable.查一下火車時(shí)刻表中下一趟車的時(shí)間。

If you don't know a word,you can look it up in a dictionary.如果你有不認(rèn)識(shí)的單詞，可以查詞典。

pay attention to

pay attention to是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“對(duì)……注意；留心”，后面可跟名詞或從句等。例如：

We should pay attention to the kids'mental health in the earthquake-struck areas.我們應(yīng)關(guān)注地震災(zāi)區(qū)兒童的心理健康問(wèn)題。

Please pay attention to what I am going to say.請(qǐng)注意我下面要說(shuō)的話。

be born with

be born with是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“天生具有……”。例如：

The kid is born with painting talent.這個(gè)小孩子有繪畫(huà)方面的天賦。

put on

put on是“動(dòng)詞+介詞”構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)，意為“增加（體重）”。例如：

Jim has put on three kilograms.吉姆體重增加了三公斤。

He didn't want to put on more weight.他不想增加體重。

put on還有“穿上；上演”的意思。例如：

The man put on his smock and went out.那人穿上上衣，走了出去。

They will put on Sister Jiang at the Capital Theatre.他們將在首都劇場(chǎng)演出《江姐》。

dead

dead是形容詞，意為“死的；失去生命的”，可作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，與be連用，表示狀態(tài)。例如：

Her grandfather is dead.他祖父死了。

His dog has been dead for two weeks.他的狗已死了兩周了。

The ground was covered with dead flowers.地上覆蓋著凋落的花。