The Model of Poverty Alleviation through Education in the Poor Mountainous Areas of Southwest China: Accurately Building "Well Education in Poor County" in Luquan County

Jia WANG, Zisheng YANG

Targeted Poverty Alleviation and Development Institute, Yunnan University of Finance and Economics, Kunming 650221, China

Abstract The poverty alleviation through education is one of the important ways to get rid of poverty accurately in poor areas. Located in the high mountains and deep valleys along the Jinsha River, Luquan Yi and Miao Autonomous County in Yunnan Province is one of the key counties in poverty alleviation and development work in China with a wide range of poverty and deep poverty. To enable children in poor areas to receive a good education is not only an important task of poverty alleviation and development, but also an important way to block the intergenerational transmission of poverty. Because of the complexity and difference of geography, history and culture, and the particularity and diversity of educational development appeal, it is often difficult to carry out poverty alleviation through education. Poor counties develop well education so that poor counties have new achievements. In recent years, Luquan County has adhered to the concept of "vigorously developing education" by making every effort to create a characteristic project with education to help the poor, and strived to achieve the "six solutions" so that every child can enjoy quality and fair education, and ensure that "they can get in, stay and learn well". This shows the new look of Miao and Yi mountains in the new era. This paper analyzes and summarizes the specific methods and effects, characteristics and bright spots of accurately building the model of "well education in poor county" in this county, as well as the experience gained, and the lessons, in order to provide the necessary reference for the poor counties in Yunnan Province and other similar provinces (municipalities, autonomous regions) to carry out rural poverty alleviation by education.

Key words Poor mountain areas, Getting rid of poverty, Poverty alleviation through education, Luquan County

1 Introduction

The overall goal of China to win the battle against poverty is to steadily realize that the poor in rural areas do not worry about food and clothing, as well as compulsory education, basic medical care and housing security. As a result, this goal has become the basic standard for poor households to get rid of poverty accurately. And the guarantee of compulsory education is one of the rigid requirements of the accurate poverty alleviation strategy, which is an index subject to "one ballot veto". Therefore, poverty alleviation through education has become one of the important ways to get rid of poverty accurately in poor areas. Because the accurate poverty alleviation through education has the dual attributes of "addressing the weakness of education" and "helping the poor relying on education", it is of great significance to improving the level and quality of education in poor areas, hindering the intergenerational transmission of poverty, and winning the battle to get rid of poverty. The purpose of accurate poverty alleviation through education is to eliminate the disadvantage that the traditional mechanism is difficult to ensure pertinence, and to formulate positive and effective educational assistance policies according to the different educational needs of poor areas, so as to promote the development of education in poor areas[2]. Luquan Yi and Miao Autonomous County, which is located in the alpine and canyon area of Jinsha River in western China, is not only a minority autonomous county integrating mountain area, agriculture and poverty, but also a provincial old revolutionary base county. At the same time, it is also one of the key counties in the extremely poor Wumeng Mountain areas and one of the key counties in the national poverty alleviation and development work. In 2016, the per capita GDP of Luquan County was only 19 870 yuan, ranking the 91st among the 129 counties (cities and districts) in Yunnan Province. The per capita disposable income of rural permanent residents was only 7 301 yuan, ranking the 114th among 129 counties (cities and districts) in Yunnan Province. As long as one child in a family is admitted to college, he may drive a family out of poverty after graduation, and then may drive a village out of poverty. As long as poor areas and poor families have culture and knowledge, there is hope for development[4]. Therefore, how important it is to help the poor through education.

2 Specific method and effect of accurately building the model of "well education in poor counties"

In recent years, Luquan County has closely revolved around the policy of the Party Central Committee to get rid of poverty, actively promoted the accurate poverty alleviation through education in ethnic minority areas, constantly broken through the bottleneck in the development of education in ethnic minority areas, promoted the development of public educational services and the innovation of government services in ethnic minority areas, constantly stimulated the vitality of the participation of social forces, and realized the optimization of the scale, structure, quality and efficiency of educational development, in order to meet the needs of the development of ethnic minorities in ethnic areas and the needs of local social and economic development. In recent years, Luquan County has adhered to the concept of "vigorously developing education" by making every effort to create a characteristic project with education to help the poor, and strived to achieve the "six solutions" so that every child can enjoy quality and fair education, and ensure that "they can get in, stay and learn well". This shows the new look of Miao and Yi mountains in the new era.

2.1 "One-stop" help to realize full coverage of subsidy and solve the problem of not being able to afford to go to school

Accurate subsidy is a basic project for helping the poor through education. On the basis of implementing the sunshine policies of the CPC Central Committee, Yunnan Province and Kunming City, such asTwoExemptionsandOneSupplement,NutritionImprovementPlan,RainandDewPlanandStateScholarship, Luquan County has formulated theWorkPlanforFreeHighSchoolEducationforRuralFamilyStudentsinLuquanYiandMiaoAutonomousCountyand promulgated theProgramofPovertyAlleviationthroughEducationforLuquanYiandMiaoAutonomousCounty. Starting from 2017, an annual aid fund of 32 million yuan was invested in the education-based poverty alleviation fund to implement free education for rural family students in senior high schools and vocational secondary schools in the county. By 2018, it had benefited 22 905 students from poor households. The details are as follows: ordinary high school students were free of textbook fee of 500 yuan/student per year, tuition fee of 800 yuan/student per year, accommodation fee of 160 yuan/student per year, subsidy of living expenses of 2 500 yuan/student per year; students in vocational middle schools were exempted from textbook fee of 500 yuan/student per year, accommodation fee of 400 yuan/student per year, and subsidy of living expenses of 3 000 yuan/student per year; a total of 3.109 million yuan was invested to subsidize 1 116 students with difficulties in pre-school, technical secondary school and university stage. That is, the poor households registered in the county and the unregistered poor households were investigated and accurately identified, and the pre-school education students from especially poor families were aided by 1 000 yuan a year; the annual subsidy for poor students studying in secondary vocational schools outside the county is 2 000 yuan, and the children of registered poor families got subsidy of 3 000 yuan per year; college students (including junior college students and undergraduate students) who are studying outside the county and whose families are particularly poor (including junior college students and undergraduate students) got subsidy of 3 000 yuan per student per year. Students throughout the county basically receive the largest financial assistance and remission from pre-school to university.

At the same time, they actively strive for social assistance. In the past three years, loving enterprises and loving people have frequently carried out donation activities to schools in the county. Among them, in August 2018, Luquan County, funded by Laiguangying Township, Chaoyang District, Beijing, and Kunming Chunyu Love Heart Society, issued a total of 1.6 million yuan in inspirational grants to outstanding students with excellent grades and family difficulties, and more than 220 students with excellent grades or poor families received love grants. In addition, Luquan vocational high schools introduced support enterprises year by year. In 2018, a total of 12 enterprises inside and outside the province were introduced, and 357 students were arranged to work as interns in various enterprises. During the internship, equal pay for equal work was implemented, with an annual salary of not less than 40 000 yuan, so that vocational education can really "attract one person, give one skill, offer one a job, leave one person out of poverty", to enhance the employment opportunities of students from poor families.

2.2 Taking care of "a group of people", helping in all directions and solving the problem of people falling behind

2.2.1Implementing double-line dropout control and strengthening the minimum student admission. It strictly implements the policy of controlling dropping out of school by the CPC Central Committee, Yunnan Province, and Kunming City, formulates theWorkPlanforControllingDroppingoutofSchoolattheStageofCompulsoryEducationinLuquanYiandMiaoAutonomousCounty, establishes a "double-line ten-person" responsibility system for "county heads, township heads, village heads, group leaders, parents" and "directors of education, principals, grade leaders (head of primary school), head teachers and teachers". It defines and consolidates the responsibilities of governments at all levels, relevant departments and schools. At the same time, it implements the "dynamic return-to-zero supervision system" to accurately investigate students who drop out of school at the stage of compulsory education, set up files for poor students from poor families, and carry out accurate management from kindergarten to university. It organizes the minimum enrollment network for students and strictly controls the index of dropping out of school. In 2018, the primary school enrolment rate of school-age children reached 99.89%, the gross enrollment rate of junior high school students reached 119.80%, and the consolidation rate reached 99.9%. None of the 16 011 poor students in the county dropped out of school because of poverty, and none of the 41 764 students in the county’s compulsory education stage dropped out of school, truly fulfilling the educational promise of "no child left behind". It has solved the difficulties in the development of compulsory education over the past few decades.

2.2.2Carrying out a full family visit and persuading the return of the dropout. In order to make the policy of poverty alleviation through education well known and deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, enhance the masses’ awareness and satisfaction of poverty alleviation through education, let students from families with financial difficulties fully feel the warmth of the party and the government, and let parents from poor families send their children to school without worries, the Luquan County Bureau of Education has launched a publicity campaign for family visits throughout the county. Since the launch of the activities, 5 000 copies of home visit records have been published each year, and 4 949 teachers in the county have been organized to carry out home visits, go deep into each family, and distribute a "Letter to Parents", to publicize and interpret the national poverty alleviation policy and the laws and regulations on school dropout insurance to students and parents. A total of 310 000 schooling cards and financial aid cards were issued to maximize the mobilization of poor students to study in schools. At the same time, a detailed system of persuading drop-out students to return to school is established, which requires schools to analyze the situation of students who drop out of school and have hidden dangers of dropping out of school on the premise of finding out the number of dropout students, and to communicate with and guide them in a timely manner. For students who have not been at school for more than three days, we should formulate an effective "dropout persuasion" plan according to their own family conditions. And we should cooperate with village committees and village group cadres to go to drop-out students’ family to persuade the students to return to school one by one. Especially for the students who are tired of learning or have learning difficulties and do not want to go to school, it is necessary to actively carry out psychological motivation and academic help to help them build up confidence and go back to school.

2.2.3Initiating door-to-door education to ensure that children with disabilities go to school. In view of the fact that some disabled children are unable to study in regular classes, the "Door-to-door Education Work Program for Special School-age Children in Luquan Yi and Miao Autonomous County" has been formulated. Linked by the four departments of education, the disabled persons’ federation, the health department and the civil administration, according to the plan, we can carry out the work of delivering teaching to the door for the disabled children aged 6-15 years old who are unable to study in regular classes for physical reasons. There are 406 disabled children in the region, of whom 221 are aged 6-15 in compulsory education in regular classes. In order to protect the right of disabled children to education, the county specially selected teachers with a strong sense of responsibility, love and patience, high professional level and rich practical experience to carry out door-to-door teaching work for 119 disabled children in turn. The door-to-door teaching work follows the principles of voluntariness, regular household entry, one plan for one person and free education, and strictly requires teachers to carefully analyze the physical condition, psychological development, acceptance ability and other factors of the object of service. According to the individual, the teaching content suitable for the self-development of disabled children is formulated. The content of teaching mainly includes knowledge education, language ability, cognitive ability, physical rehabilitation, psychological rehabilitation, potential development, sports coordination ability, self-care ability, social adaptation ability and social assistanceetal. Every time we send door-to-door teaching, it is required to have a teaching plan, tutoring, interaction with studentsetal. At the same time, it is necessary to retain the relevant picture materials for communication or training with parents, and fill in the "Door-to-door Teaching Work Record Form" in time as required. Each object of service is delivered with the door-to-door teaching once a week, three class hours each time, not less than 120 class hours each school year, effectively ensuring that the disabled children who can not study in regular class can also receive compulsory education at home.

2.3 Doing a good job in providing better food to solve the problem of poor nutritionLuquan County has fully launched the nutrition improvement program for rural compulsory education students from 1 March, 2012. In the past three years, it has increased investment, with a total investment of 44.808 million yuan, renovating 165 primary and secondary school canteens, covering an area of 27 275 m2. And through public bidding, national standard II japonica rice and non-transgenic pressed rapeseed oil were supplied uniformly, and food safety was strictly controlled. In the form of nutritious breakfast, nutritious lunch and extra nutritious food in lunchtime, the meal was arranged scientifically and reasonably to ensure the implementation of the policy of the national nutrition improvement plan. Up to now, 41 189 students from 218 compulsory education schools in the county have received subsidies from the nutrition improvement program, and the students have been fully covered by the nutrition improvement program subsidies. After the "small dining table" was set up, the physique of the students improved obviously, the physical education results of the senior high school entrance examination improved year by year, and the satisfaction of the students and their parents increased greatly. On August 30, 2016, Liu Hongying, a junior high school student at Xiuping Middle School, was invited to attend a news conference on the Nutrition Improvement Program of the Ministry of Education in Beijing to share the benefits of implementing the nutrition improvement program.

2.4 Stabilizing "one team" and striving to retain talents to solve the problem of balance of teachersStarting with perfecting the performance wage system and improving the treatment of rural teachers, it actively promoted the exchange between cadres and teachers in primary and secondary schools, enhanced the balanced and complementary development of educational teachers in the whole county, and ensured that rural teachers can go, stay, and teach well. Every year, 1% of the total incentive performance wages of county compulsory education schools will be allocated to rural schools. Since 2015, according to the per capita standard of 1 200 yuan, the annual performance award of teachers has been included in the county financial overall arrangement, and improved year by year. According to the distance and hardship, the schools of the whole county (except county seats) are divided into four categories and 29 grades. Each teacher is paid 500 yuan per month in township post allowance, 500 yuan to 1 950 yuan in rural teachers’ living allowance and 800 yuan in autonomous county allowance. In the past three years, a total of 91 educational cadres and 223 teachers have been exchanged. Eight outstanding middle-level cadres were selected from the county high-quality schools to serve as principals in the weak township schools, 180 front-line teachers were selected from the township schools to study in the county schools, and 100 backbone teachers were selected from the county high-quality schools to teach in the rural schools. High-quality schools in county towns and weak schools in rural areas have formed 15 pairs, to carry out 54 exchange activities, and 2 705 teachers were involved. It implemented the famous teacher driving project and set up three famous teacher studios: Pan Jiahai High School Physics Teacher Studio, Dong Jiawei High School English Teacher Studio and Yang Tianhai Junior Middle School Mathematics Teacher Studio.

2.5 Forming a "batch of pairs", making great efforts to make up for the shortcomings and solving the problem of insufficient abilityThroughout the practice of poverty alleviation through education in China, policy-making focuses on poverty reduction and poverty alleviation in the field of basic education. On the other hand, the academic research level tends to conduct theoretical research and empirical analysis on the poverty alleviation function of pre-vocational education with short time span and quick effect[5]. In order to accurately implement education to help the poor, we should allocate resources reasonably according to the effects of education at all levels. Luquan strived to speed up the pace of educational modernization, innovate on measures, and continuously strengthen the construction of the teacher team year by year through the recruitment of special post teachers, general post teachers, the selection and deployment of outside excellent teachers and other ways. A total of 450 teachers in the stage of compulsory education were added from 2015 to 2018. Based on the long-term plan, it focused on the talent supplement mechanism in advance, and completed directional training of 128 free normal school students. It invested 61.37 million yuan to implement seven projects: educational information-based computer equipment, multimedia "Class Access to ICTs", educational metropolitan area network "iSchool", studio system, video conference teaching and research system, "safe campus" video surveillance system, marking system. It invested 2.4 million yuan to introduce advanced teaching resources from Chengdu No. 7 Middle School, adopted "double teacher teaching" and innovated the new teaching mode of "Internet + teaching and research". Through the form of network teaching, it carried out live and recorded teaching in 9 schools, such as Luquan No. 1 Middle School and Pingshan Middle School, so that Luquan students can share high-quality educational resources and teaching contents intuitively, vividly and in real time through the large screen of the classroom. By twinning with 11 schools in Chaoyang District of Beijing and 12 high-quality schools in Kunming, it explored a way to share urban high-quality teaching resources with rural areas. This has greatly improved the school management ability and the level of education and teaching, and the teaching quality has been improved year by year. In the 2018 college entrance examination, Chen Hongxu, a live class graduate, was admitted to Tsinghua University and Su Dandan and Geng Shihan to Peking University, making a historic breakthrough and handing over the best college entrance examination results in nearly 30 years.

2.6 Promoting three major projects and solving the problem of weak foundationSince the 12th Five-year Plan, Luquan County has firmly grasped the key node of the balanced development of education, and adopted measures based on the general trend of regional economic and social development. It invested 668.755 million yuan to implement the standardization construction project of rural primary and secondary schools in Kunming, and built 42 rural primary and secondary standardization schools, with a total area of 292 907.20 m2. It bought 48.449 4 million yuan of equipment. It invested 493.854 1 million yuan in infrastructure construction projects to help the poor through education at the stage of compulsory education. It invested 107.819 million yuan to implement the school safety project; invested 266.75 million yuan to improve the basic school-running conditions of weak compulsory education in poverty-stricken areas in an all-round way and implement rural junior middle school transformation project; invested 44.808 million yuan to carry out the transformation of school canteen; invested 23.191 8 million yuan for the implementation of 13 kindergartens preschool education project construction according to the requirement that each township (town) should have a public center kindergarten; invested 8 million yuan to expand construction and renovate 2 585 m2of bathrooms in 25 primary and secondary schools; invested 9.311 7 million yuan in the implementation of drought protection and education guarantee projects in 186 schools to ensure the safety of drinking water for teachers and students; invested 19.273 6 million yuan in the implementation of equipment procurement projects, the purchase of canteen equipment, improving the living facilities of students; invested 50.64 million yuan in provincial funds to purchase teaching equipment, audio-visual equipment, student desks and chairs and student bed frames; invested a total of 14.7 million yuan to build 294 turnover dormitories for 11 primary and secondary school teachers to improve teachers’ living conditions and provide a guarantee for teachers to engage in teaching with peace of mind.

3 Characteristics of the model of poverty alleviation through education in Luquan County

Some researchers have found that although the intensity of poverty alleviation through education in ethnic minority areas in China has been increasing in recent years, the sense of satisfaction among poor groups has not been improved accordingly[6]. The main reason is that the formulation and implementation of poverty alleviation policies are not accurately targeted. There are many differences in the accurate poverty alleviation model through education implemented in Luquan County.

3.1 Continuing to carry out home visits and dynamically managing those living under the poverty line by education

According to the specific roster of 91 572 people from 26 101 poor households registered in the county, it has continued to carry out home visits, dynamically paying attention to the situation of students studying in school for the children of registered households, so that the bottom number is clear and the situation is clear. Every school year, it regularly carries out dynamic management of the information of poor students, updates it in a timely manner and cancels their numbers dynamically, so as to ensure that they accurately grasp the school attendance situation of students from the registered poor households, and timely persuade the children of poor families with signs of dropping out of school to return to school. For the dropout or students with special difficulties in their families caused by poverty or sudden changes, we should grasp situation and help them in a timely manner. For orphans, disabled children and left-behind children and other special groups, it is necessary to actively mobilize the majority of teachers and all sectors of society to carry out care services.

3.2 Improving the financial assistance service system for poor students and promoting accurate poverty alleviation through educationIt comprehensively improves the policy system of financial assistance for students from pre-school education to higher education in families with financial difficulties, gives priority to bringing poor students into the scope of financial assistance at all levels, and gives full play to the supplementary role of the education fund and the education poverty alleviation fund, so as to ensure that a student will not be allowed to drop out of school because of his family’s financial difficulties. It establishes the provincial student financial aid information management system based on student status, realizes the linking with the population, minimum security, poverty alleviation and other information systems, and improves the accuracy of poverty alleviation through education.

3.3 Broadening the channels for publicizing policies on poverty alleviation through education and intensifyingSchools of all levels and types in the county are required to step up publicity on relevant poverty alleviation policies such as school dropout control and student financial assistance, so that the policy publicity for poverty alleviation through education and the work of poverty alleviation through education are studied, deployed, and promoted at the same time. This has effectively raised the awareness rate of the masses about the poverty alleviation through education policy, raised the masses’ satisfaction of the poverty alleviation through education, made the poverty alleviation through education policy deeply rooted in the hearts of the people throughout the county, and completed the following tasks within a time limit. According to the new strategic plan and student financial assistance policy of the county party committee and government to get rid of poverty in 2018, we should further update and improve the contents of the propaganda column or exhibition board on poverty alleviation in school education. It is aimed at students to carry out in-depth 2 to 3 thematic classes (teams) activities, and fully mobilize students to carry out education-based poverty alleviation policy publicity to parents and society in the way of "small hands holding big hands". It seriously organizes and holds one or two special parent-teacher meetings for parents to explain the relevant policies of student dropout control and schooling guarantee and student financial assistance to their parents. It verifies the distribution of "A Letter to Parents" in the early stage and ensures that each parent receives "A Letter to Parents". It organizes and carries out no less than 2 educational activities on the theme of "self-improvement, honesty and gratitude", and it continues to carry out in-depth home visits, and carries out accurate publicity according to local conditions and people.

3.4 Vigorously promoting the development of high school educationIt organizes and implements the transformation plan of ordinary high schools and the construction project of Luquan middle schools, and vigorously improves the popularity of ordinary high schools in poor areas. It actively explores the diversified school-running mode of senior high school, constantly optimizes the centralized school-running mode of webcast class, and implements the three projects continuously. With the help of external forces, it continues to sign theCooperationAgreementbetweenYunnanProvincialInstituteofEducationalSciencesandthePeople’sGovernmentofLuquanYiandMiaoAutonomousCountytoCarryoutComprehensiveScientificResearchExperiments. Led by the Provincial Institute of Educational Sciences, it sets up the Luquan Education Advisory Expert Committee to provide advice for Luquan educational reform and development evaluation, so as to build Luquan into a bright spot county featured by "double-teacher" teaching in the whole province. It perfects the mechanism, stimulates the internal motive force, makes the Education Bureau sign the teaching management goal and the teaching quality goal with the school, implements the target management, the fine tracking, the whole process examination, and constructs the good mechanism of grasping the quality from the top to the bottom. It establishes the mechanism of "one-year college entrance examination and three-year preparation for examination", pays close attention to the teaching quality of senior high school, and promotes the good and rapid development of senior high school education.

3.5 Accelerating the development of vocational educationIt regards Luquan vocational middle school education as the focus of popularizing senior high school education, earnestly improves the conditions of Luquan vocational middle school, increases the tilt of basic capacity-building funds, optimizes and adjusts the curriculum structure, and sets up specialties in line with the local economic and social development, and carries out order-based vocational education in view of the urgent need of local health, medical talents. It strengthens the propaganda of vocational education policy for junior middle school graduates, strengthens the overall planning of enrollment in senior high school education, maintains the same proportion of annual enrollment in senior high school, and helps more students in poor areas to receive secondary vocational education free of charge. It supports secondary vocational schools in poor areas to pair with high-quality secondary vocational schools in developed areas, carries out directional assistance, and guides junior middle school graduates from poor areas to receive vocational education in secondary vocational schools in developed areas. By 2020, the gross enrolment rate in high school will reach 90%.

4 Bright spot in the model of poverty alleviation through education in Luquan County

4.1 Creating the first in the province in making rural students go to high school free of chargeIn the province, it is the first to formulate Luquan Yi and Miao Autonomous County to Implement Free Education Program for Rural Family Students at Senior High School Stage. Since 2017, it has invested 32 million yuan in education poverty alleviation funds every year to implement free high school education for rural family students in the county, making it the first county in Yunnan Province to financially support the implementation of free high school education at the county level. Specifically, with the support of the county finance, each of ordinary senior high school students will be exempted from textbook fees at 500 yuan, tuition fees at 800 yuan, accommodation fees at 160 yuan, and living expenses at 2 500 yuan, a total of 3 960 yuan per person per year. This policy enables the dreams of rural students, especially those from poor families, not to stop at the stage of compulsory education, and ensures that they can receive re-education in high school, so that they can be admitted to the ideal university.

4.2 Lighting up the "Light of Art" to provide more possibilities for ethnic students in mountainous areas to give full play to their strengthsBased on the expertise of minority students in singing and dancing, it has set up a number of chorus teams and art teams in primary and secondary schools throughout the county to carry out "poverty alleviation through music education". Among them, Yi and Miao children’s choir of Chongde Primary School participated in many national, provincial, municipal and county competitions and exhibition activities, won a number of honors, outstanding achievements, becoming a beautiful business card in the achievements of poverty alleviation through art education. On July 5, 2017, CCTV Economic Half-hour Channel took the choir as the starting point and made a special report on the accurate poverty alleviation through education under the title "Lark" Flying out of Yi and Miao Mountains. On July 26, it won the first prize in Group A of the 6th China Children’s Voice Chorus Festival. From 23 to 27 December, it participated in the recording and broadcasting activities of CCTV’s "Voice of the Galaxy-2018 Children’s Channel New year’s Special Program". On January 31, 2018, it was invited to attend the 2018 Spring Festival reception held by Kunming Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government to sing for foreign diplomats and foreign experts working in Kunming. From May 17 to 23, it went to Beijing to attend the concert and academic exchange activities of the Young Conductor Training Program of the Command Department of the China Conservatory of Music from 2017 to 2018. From July 16 to 20, it participated in the Ninth China Children’s Chorus Festival sponsored by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism and won the honorary title of the Top Ten "Most Popular Chorus". From July 19 to 25, it won the top award of the 14th China International Chorus Festival and the International Chorus Federation Choral Education Conference"Class A Chorus". On November 9, the CCTV 12 Society and Law Channel made a report entitled "Singing Children in the Mountains", to broadcast again Luquan’s musical way to help the poor through education.

This kind of art education across the rich and poor, across the mountains is deeply loved by ethnic minority students, so that they not only shine in the art hall, but also let the children full of hope for the future.

5 Experience gained from poverty alleviation through education in Luquan County

As the representative of the public interest in ethnic minority areas, the government is not only the maker of various educational poverty alleviation policies, but also the leader of poverty alleviation through education, which controls all kinds of resources for national poverty alleviation through education[7]. Therefore, the practice of the leading group determines the key to getting rid of poverty by education in ethnic minority areas.

5.1 Strengthening organizational leadership and improving the working mechanismOrganizationally, it attaches great importance to all kinds of work in getting rid of poverty this year, regards accurate poverty alleviation work as an important political task at present, puts all kinds of poverty alleviation work on the agenda, meticulously organizes and sets up relevant leading groups, formulates implementation plans for relevant work, and forms a good situation in which all cadres and workers participate in the leading bodies by strengthening organizational leadership, so as to form a joint force to promote the success of the "100-day battle".

5.2 Clarifying job responsibilities and strengthening supervision and inspectionIt earnestly implements the system of "one post, double responsibility" and "party and government share responsibility". According to the requirements of the relevant work of getting rid of poverty, it defines the objectives and tasks of leading cadres in various work implementation plans, innovates the work performance appraisal mechanism, and includes poverty alleviation and development work in the assessment of responsibility objectives at all levels, and carries out dynamic supervision of the implementation process.

5.3 Giving full play to the leadership to play the role of a fortressIn promoting all kinds of poverty alleviation work, members of the leading bodies take the initiative to identify linked schools and help poor households, actively go to the grass-roots level and poor households to carry out research and guidance work, and earnestly perform their duties. Party members and cadres play a vanguard and exemplary role, lead by example, and drive all cadres and workers to carry forward the fine style of hard work.

5.4 Innovating the thinking of work and stressing the actual effect of workIn the work of poverty alleviation, it takes the actual effect of work as the goal, accuracy as the starting point, people as the core, funds as the guarantee, supervision and guidance as the driving force, combined with practical innovative ideas to promote implementation, so that poverty alleviation work can be carried out steadily.

6 Lessons and references of the model of poverty alleviation through education in Luquan County

As China’s poverty alleviation through education and development has entered a new stage, it is necessary to change the previous "flood irrigation" type of poverty alleviation, and strive to implement the practice of "precision drip irrigation". Luquan County implements the standardization of compulsory education schools in an all-round way to improve the basic conditions for running schools. At the same time, schools set up points to fully consider the maximization of resource allocation, focus on the information infrastructure of poor campus, and use the educational platform to transport high-quality educational resources to mountain schools, so that poor children can enjoy the support policy. It carries out cultural education with national characteristics, makes use of the nature of ethnic minorities to sing and dance, to achieve the purpose of teaching students in accordance with their aptitude, so that poor children in mountainous areas can give full play to their strengths. In the construction of teachers, we should improve the subsidies for teachers in remote mountainous areas, accurately identify the hardship of working and living conditions in teachers’ teaching areas, and implement subsidies to varying degrees. These characteristics and bright spots are worthy of learning for other poor counties in Yunnan Province and even other provinces.