達(dá)薩瓦塔拉酒店：馬拉薩薩羅瓦酒店，蒂魯帕蒂，安得拉邦，印度

建筑設(shè)計(jì)：什姆爾·賈瓦里·卡德里，薩利卡·沙緹/SJK建筑事務(wù)所

1.2 外景/Exterior views

蒂魯瑪拉-蒂魯帕蒂寺廟是印度最受尊敬、最富有的寺廟，被認(rèn)為是印度三位一體中三位至尊神之一的毗濕奴神的神圣住所。這里的宗教實(shí)踐是虔誠的、儀式性的，懷有對(duì)神靈和廟宇習(xí)俗的極大信仰。每年有2000萬虔誠的朝圣者拜訪這座寺廟，需要有序的人群管理。這個(gè)地區(qū)被認(rèn)為是婚禮和慶?；顒?dòng)的吉祥地，也適合那些喜歡將休閑會(huì)議和神圣的寺廟參觀結(jié)合起來的有眼光的商務(wù)旅行者。

項(xiàng)目任務(wù)書要求我們?cè)谒_帕吉里山脈的山麓上一塊13,150m2的土地上建造一座121房間的精品酒店。功能包括客房及套房、宴會(huì)設(shè)施、商務(wù)中心、健康中心、溫泉浴場、健身房、游戲室及游泳池、還有兩家特色餐廳。這個(gè)寺廟小鎮(zhèn)中無處不在的對(duì)巴拉吉神（或毗濕奴神）的崇拜指引我們走向一個(gè)體現(xiàn)寺廟建筑古典元素的環(huán)境——正交的、內(nèi)向的印度寺廟平面。人們?cè)谂c神一面之緣的強(qiáng)烈體驗(yàn)之后對(duì)表達(dá)神圣和寧靜的需要，也指導(dǎo)了這種設(shè)計(jì)。這些想法被提煉并凝結(jié)成一個(gè)具有中央開放庭院和水體的現(xiàn)代建筑，在水體中“漂浮”著全天開放的餐廳空間——“蓮花咖啡廳”，讓人想象成池塘里的蓮花。這個(gè)中心水體形成了酒店的核心，無論是空間上還是體驗(yàn)上。簡潔和神圣是這座建筑所代表的核心價(jià)值，而室內(nèi)則利用手工藝、神話和象征來編織一個(gè)在整個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)中都會(huì)體會(huì)到的故事。

神話記載，毗濕奴神在地球上出現(xiàn)過10次叫做“達(dá)薩瓦塔拉”的化身——每個(gè)化身都作為那個(gè)時(shí)代的救世主。據(jù)說每當(dāng)宗教衰落時(shí)，毗濕奴就會(huì)化身來保護(hù)善良、消滅邪惡、重建地球上的生命平衡。這些化身也代表了人類的進(jìn)化，每個(gè)都包含著個(gè)性、故事、色彩和情感。所有公共空間的內(nèi)部都被設(shè)計(jì)成代表一個(gè)化身，充滿個(gè)性、色彩和象征性。

手工藝和文化是印度民族精神的固有部分，并被作為傳統(tǒng)根植于農(nóng)村社區(qū)。每個(gè)地區(qū)都有反映其歷史的獨(dú)特工藝。安得拉邦是蒂魯帕蒂的居住地，以各種各樣的紡織品和金屬工藝品而聞名。與這10個(gè)化身相關(guān)的符號(hào)已經(jīng)被“dhokra”工藝統(tǒng)一并作為門把手整合到此項(xiàng)目中。用比德里形式的銀與炮銅結(jié)合制作的壁畫和附近拉哈斯蒂的卡拉姆卡里畫風(fēng)被結(jié)合到酒店的多處，該地區(qū)的傳統(tǒng)織物也被應(yīng)用到家具設(shè)計(jì)中。□（陳雨瀟 譯）

3 建筑概念示意/Architectural conception diagram

The most venerated and the wealthiest temple trust in India, Tirumala - Tirupati, is considered to be the sacred abode of Lord Vishnu, one of the three supreme deities in the Hindu Trinity. The practice of religion here is devout and ritualistic with great faith being invested in the idol and the customs of the temple. The temple is visited by 20 million devout pilgrims annually requiring organised crowd management. The area is considered auspicious for wedding rituals and celebrations and caters to discerning business travelers who like to combine leisure conferences with a divine temple visit.

The brief required us to build a 121 key boutique Hotel on a 13,150m2plot of land, at the foothills of the Saptagiri Mountain range.The functions included guests rooms & suites,Banqueting facilities a business centre, health centre with a spa, gym, a games room & swimming pool and 2 Specialty restaurants. The all pervading position of the worship of Lord Balaji (or Lord Vishnu) in this temple town pointed us towards an environment that embodies the classical elements of temple architecture - the orthogonal,introverted Hindu temple plan. The need to express both divinity and serenity after the overwhelming experience of gaining a glimpse of the Lord also guided this design. These ideas have been refined &distilled into a contemporary building with a central open courtyard and a water body, within which" fl oats" the all day dining space - "The Lotus Café",envisioned as a lotus in the pond. This central water body forms the core of the hotel, both spatially &experientially. Simplicity and divinity are the core values this building stands for whereas the interiors draw on craft, mythology and symbolism to weave a story that one encounters throughout the project.

Mythology recounts that the Lord Vishnu appeared on the earth in ten incarnations called the Dasavatara - each avatar appropriate to his position as a saviour within that era. It is said that whenever there is a decline of religion, Vishnu is said to incarnate himself to protect the good, to destroy the wicked and re-establish the balance of life on earth. These avatars also represent the evolution of humankind and each embody character, stories,colour and emotion. The interiors of all the public spaces have been designed to represent an avatar,replete with character, colour and symbolism.

Craft & Culture are an inherent part of the Indian ethos & are embedded as tradition within rural communities. Every region has its distinct crafts that reflect its history. Andhra Pradesh the state in which Tirupati resides, is known for its varied textiles & metal crafts. Symbols associated with these ten avatars have been contemporised using the "dhokra" craft and integrated into the project as door handles. Wall artworks that use the bidri form of silver in gunmetal, and the kalamkari painters of nearby Srikalahasti have been incorporated in various locations whereas, the traditional weaves of the area have been designed into the furnishings.□

4 帶有毗濕奴神化身意義的總平面/Site plan with Vishnu avatars

1-Matsya: 水-水池庭院/Water-pool courtyard

2-Kurma: 變形-接待室/Transformative-reception

3-Varaha: 激烈-游戲室/Fierce-games room

4-Narsimha: 過渡-蓮花咖啡/Transitional-Lotus Cafe

5-Vamana: 智慧-商務(wù)中心/Intellectual-business centre

6-Parasurama: 強(qiáng)大-健身房/Powerful-gym

7-Rama: 社交-宴會(huì)廳/Social-banquet rooms

8-Krishna: 多才多藝-塔利餐廳/Versatile-Thali Restaurant

9-Buddha: 寧靜-水療/Peaceful-SPA

10-Kalki: 現(xiàn)代-入口庭院/Modern-entrance courtyard

11-客房/Guest rooms

12-廚房和后勤服務(wù)/Kitchen and back of the house services

13-連廊步道/Connecting walkway

14-中心水池/Central waterbody

項(xiàng)目信息/Credits and Data

客戶/Client: Marasa Hospitality Pvt. Ltd.

建筑設(shè)計(jì)/Architects: SJK Architects

設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)/Design Team: Shimul Javeri Kadri, Sarika Shetty,Michelle Pereira

結(jié)構(gòu)工程師/Structural Engineers: Engineering Creations Consultancy (I) Pvt. Ltd.

機(jī)電和消防顧問/MEP & FF Consultant: AECOM

燈光顧問/Lighting Consultants: Lighting Design Works

景觀顧問/Landscape Consultant: IPDM Services (India)Pvt. Ltd.

廚房和后勤顧問/Kitchen & BOH Consultant: Mistry Associates

生產(chǎn)及物料控制/PMC: Sycone CPMC Pvt. Ltd.

土建承包商/Civil Contractor: Asia (Chennai) Engineering Company Pvt Ltd

室內(nèi)承包商及軟裝家具/Interior Contractor & Loose Furniture:K.P.Interiors, 客房區(qū)/Guest Block, Interex Arch Designs Pvt. Ltd.,公共區(qū)域/Public Areas

立面玻璃和窗戶/Fa?ade Glazing & Windows: Urban Arch System Pvt. Ltd.

外墻噴涂/Exterior Paint: Asian Paints & Oikos India Pvt.Ltd.

內(nèi)墻噴涂/Interior Paint: Asian Paints & Val paint.

家具陳設(shè)/Furnishings: Synergy Lifestyles Pvt Ltd & Maspar Industries (P) Ltd.

Dhokra金屬工藝/Dhokra Metal works: Baaya Design

定制壁紙/Customised Wallpapers: Shreeji Innova Wallcoverings Pvt. Ltd., Jasra Graphics Pvt. Ltd.

裝飾性燈光/Decorative Light Fixtures: Saw International

場地面積/Site Area: 1.32hm2

項(xiàng)目面積/Project Area: 10,684m2（121房間/121rooms）

設(shè)計(jì)到竣工時(shí)間/Design & Construction Period: 2011.02-2015.01

攝影/Photos: Rajesh Vora (fig. 1,7-10), Himanshuu Sheth(fig. 2,5)

5 夜景/Night view

6 剖面/Sections

7 中心水池中的蓮花咖啡廳/Lotus Cafe in central waterbody

評(píng)論

程曉喜：精品酒店往往是一種游離于當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)之外的被刻意美化的存在。此處的達(dá)薩瓦塔拉酒店似乎也反映了這樣的現(xiàn)實(shí)。酒店設(shè)計(jì)無疑是精美的，體現(xiàn)了簡潔與神性，寬敞輕盈的柱廊、平靜的大片水面及其上漂浮的蓮花都帶人進(jìn)入超越日常生活的精神世界。但各種人為元素的添加卻帶有明顯的拼接、附會(huì)的痕跡。核心處蓮花咖啡廳的空間組織缺少向心性的活動(dòng)方式作為支撐，特別凸顯了這種空間與內(nèi)容的疏離感。

丁建華：達(dá)薩瓦塔拉酒店無疑是文化酒店的一次成功創(chuàng)新，宗教母題在多維設(shè)計(jì)層面上不斷地聯(lián)結(jié)、整合與強(qiáng)化：宏觀看去，建筑的整體空間形制雖承襲自蒂魯帕提寺廟，卻又能緊密地糅合當(dāng)代酒店建筑的功能需求；拉近尺度，簡明的建筑形式帶有濃郁的宗教隱喻，譬如建筑核心單體的“蓮花”原型呼應(yīng)著毗濕奴神臍生蓮花的傳說；細(xì)部品讀，更將當(dāng)?shù)卦痉?wù)于宗教活動(dòng)的傳統(tǒng)工藝轉(zhuǎn)化為精致的細(xì)部元素。層層遞進(jìn)之間，宗教賦予建筑特色，建筑體驗(yàn)之間又巧妙傳遞著文化，兩者相得益彰。

Comments

CHENG Xiaoxi:Boutique hotels are often a deliberately beautified existence wandering from the local economic foundation. Dasavatara Hotel seems to re fl ect this reality. The hotel design is undoubtedly exquisite, based on the concepts of simplicity and divinity. The spacious and lightweight colonnade,the large areas of calm water surface and the fl oating lotus all bring people into the spiritual world beyond daily life. However, the addition of various artificial elements has obvious traces of splicing and attachment. The spatial organisation of the core Lotus Cafe lacks centripetal activities as supports, which especially shows the alienation of space from content.(Translated by CHEN Yuxiao)

8.9 接待室/Reception

10 塔利餐廳/Thali Restaurant

DING Jianhua:Dasavatara is undoubtedly a successful innovation in designing cultural hotels. The religious motif is continuously connected, integrated and strengthened on the multi-dimensional design levels.At a macro level, although the overall spatial shape of the building inherits from the Tirupati temple, it still installs the functions of contemporary hotel buildings.Close to the scale, the concise architectural form has a strong religious metaphor. For example, the prototype of"Lotus" echoes to the legend of Vishnu's umbilical lotus.If you carefully appreciate, the traditional crafts that originally served the religious activities were transformed into exquisite details. The religion gives the architecture features, and the architectural experience subtly conveys the culture, and the two complement each other.